2021届东莞市常平振兴中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届东莞市常平振兴中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you truly want to live,you need to get out and see the world.Traveling and living different adventures may become your favorite lifestyle.Here is a brief introduction about the top three destinations to visit in the world.Paris First on the list is Paris,France.For some people,this shouldnt be a surprise.For others,they might consider Paris overrated as it has a reputation for being dirty.Any major city in the world might be thought to be dirty by anyone not living in a city.It comes with the territory.The reason Paris is at the top of this list is not because of its famous attractions but because of its charm.You can spend the day walking around cobblestone streets and enjoy elegant cafes and high-end shopping.When you finish satisfying your appetite,you can relax on the banks of the Seine River.Glacier National Park Glacier National Park comes in second on the list.It is located in Montana,America.It will be well worth the effort thanks to snow-capped mountains,crystal blue lakes,seventy miles of hiking trails,and thirteen camping areas.If you visit during the summer,you can go swimming or white-water rafting.If you visit during the winter,you can go skiing or snowshoeing.But the real allure(诱惑力)and what you will always remember is the breathtaking scenery and fresh mountain air.Bora Bora The reason Bora Bora is the third on this list is that its expensive,which could limit your other travel plans.If you do make it to this small island paradise,you will find peaceful beaches,jungles,luxury accommodations,turquoise water,and some of the friendliest people you have ever met.Other vacation destinations that should be on your list if youre living the adventurous lifestyle include London,the South Island of New Zealand,Maui,Tahiti,Tokyo,Barcelona and New York City.1.Tourists can _ to appreciate the charm of Paris.A.enjoy crystal blue lakes B.visit its famous attractions C.take a walk around cobblestone streets D.meet the friendliest people you have ever met 2.Which of the following points in Glacier National Park will really attract tourists?A.peaceful beaches.B.White-water rafting.C.Snow-capped mountains.D.Fresh mountain air.3.Whats the purpose of this passage?A.to introduce the top three destinations.B.to compare the top three destinations.C.to encourage people to live an adventurous lifestyle.D.to analyze the good and bad points of the three destinations B We are in lack of enough sleep,according to Arianna Huffington,the co-founder and editor-in-chief of The Huffington Post.And thishas great consequences on our health,our job performance,our relationships and our happiness.What is needed,she ly declares,is nothing short of a sleep revolution.Only by renewing our relationship with sleep can we take back control of our lives.In her bestseller Thrive,Arianna wrote about our need to redefine success through wellbeing,wisdom,wonder,and giving.Her discussion of the importance of sleep as a gateway to this more fulfilling way of living struck such a powerful chord(弦)that she realized the mystery and transformative power of sleep called for a fuller investigation(调查).The result is a scientifically sweeping and personal exploration of sleep from all angles,from the history of sleep,to the role of dreams in our lives,to the consequences of sleep deprivation(剥夺),and the new golden age of sleep science that is showing the vital role sleep plays in our every waking moment and every aspect of our health from weight gain,diabetes,and heart disease to cancer and Alzheimers.In The Sleep Revolution,Arianna shows how our cultural removal of sleep as time wasted damages our health and our decision-making and our work lives and shortens our personal lives.She explores all the latest science on what exactly is going on while we sleep and dream.She decides the dangerous sleeping pill industry,and all the ways of our addiction to technology disturb our sleep.She also offers a range of recommendations and tips from leading scientists on how we can get better and more restorative sleep.In todays fast-paced,always-connected and sleep-deprived world,our need for a good nights sleep is more important than ever.The Sleep Revolution both sounds the alarm on our worldwide sleep crisis and provides a detailed road map to the great sleep awakening that can help transform our lives,our communities,and our world.4.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The importance of sleep.B.The necessity of improving sleep.C.The way to improve our sleep.D.The effect of sleep on health.5.What can be inferred about Ariannas attitude to success?A.She thinks good sleep is more important.B.She doesnt think much of becoming successful.C.She thinks it wrong to sacrifice health to success.D.She is concerned about the nature of success.6.What can be said about Ariannas investigation?A.It is really of great value.B.It is scientific and historical.C.It costs Ariannas sleep in practice.D.It covers all necessary aspects scientifically,7.What influence does TheSleep Revolution have on society?A.It helps to slow down the pace of modern life.B.It warns people against taking sleeping pills.C.It warns the harm of inadequate sleep of people.D.It helps to stress the value of sleep to success.C It might have been Jimmy Kimmel,or any other sharp-tongued talk show hosts of late-night TV.In this instance,it was Samantha Bee,stating her opposition to childhood vaccinations humorously.“Who are you going to believe?”she asked.“Leading authorities on medical science,or 800 comments on your cousins Facebook page?”Joking about science can have serious effects,according to studies by communication scholars.Accordingly,since 2013,Paul,a psychological professor,has conducted studies of how satire(讥讽)can influence peoples beliefs about science,which have shown that if you want to interest people in science and shape their views on hot-button science issues,satirical humor can work better.Many Americans pay little attention to science.Even people who regularly watch TV news receive only scraps of science information in their media diet,because mainstream media outlets devote so little airtime to the subject.On top of that,some Americans may regard science as inaccessible.Yet satirical humor can reach viewers who would never watch NOVA or read well,National Geographic.Millions of people watch late-night television programs live,and videos of these shows get millions of views on streaming services.In 2016,a vote conducted by the University of Delaware Center indicated that nearly one in 10 said they learned about science from late-night television shows.Late-night hosts may occasionally poke fun at scientists.More often,however,the hosts promote a positive image of science.By making science entertaining to audience with little knowledge of the topic,late-night television could spark science engagement.Furthermore,the researchers concluded that satirical shows had the biggest impact among the least educated viewers,thus helping to narrow a gap in attention to science.Though late-night satirical humor can boost science interest and awareness,it has its limits.Science is complex,and conveying that complexity in a few minutes while telling jokes can be a challenge.8.What does Pauls studies of joking about science indicate?A.It may do serious damage to science.B.It can effectively popularize science.C.It totally changes peoples attitude to science.D.It will shift peoples attention from entertainment to science.9.Why do TV watchers receive a little science information?A.Because they enjoy watching entertainments.B.Because science is not easy to come up with.C.Because they find no interest in science issues.D.Because science is scarcely seen on mainstream media.10.What do we know about the late-night shows involving science?A.The hosts get used to playing tricks on scientists.B.The hosts aim is to build a positive image of science.C.Education gap can be bridged through late-night shows.D.Science participation can be promoted among their viewers.11.Whats the authors attitude towards combining science with satire?A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Positive.D.Negative.D William had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school.When the term began,however,his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought.Still,William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school.One day,he found a book calledUsing Energy.On the books cover was a picture of windmills,tall steel towers with blades(叶片)spinning like giant fans.He learned that windsomething of which his hometown had plentycould produce electricity.He couldnt help picturing his own windmill in mind,but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months.In a junkyard,he dug through piles of used metal,old cars,and worn-out tractors,searching for anything that might help him construct his machine.He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe,which he melted over a fire,flattened out,and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money,he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston(活塞)to the pedal sprocket(踏板链轮)of an old bicycle frame.This would be the axle(轮轴)of the windmill.When the wind blew,the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo(发电机),donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts,William began putting them together.He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found,using washers(垫圈)hed made from bottle caps.Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame.With the help of his two best friends,Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came.He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb.As the wind whipped around him,the blades began to turn,slowly at first,then faster and faster.The light bulb flickered(闪烁),then flashed to life.The crowd cheered from below.“Wachitabwina(well done)!”Williams machine now powered his house.And the story of the boy whod built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.12.After readingUsing Energy,what did William decide to do?A.Make use of wind.B.Enter a high school.C.Build a village library.D.Learn to survive a drought.13.According to Para.3,which of the following word can best describe William?A.Humorous.B.Determined.C.Cooperative.D.Friendly.14.What can you learn about Williams machine?A.It was built by villagers.B.It worked at the first attempt.C.It took him years to complete it.D.It was made from metal materials.15.What is the besttitle for the passage?A.Winds Of Hope B.Ideas Worth Spreading C.Learning from Experience D.Windmills for Villages 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Five Healthy Habits From Japan The following habits are the secrets to longevity from Japan.Food is good medicine.Theres an Okinawan phrase,nuchi gusui,which can translate as“let food be your medicine”.For Okinawans,that means plenty of fruits and vegetables with heart-healthy fish._16_.Maintain strong family and social connections.Humans are social creatures.A 2017 study showed the positive impact that tight-knit families and happy marriages lead to better health and a longer life._17_,whether it is the family you are born into,or the family you choose._18_.In the west,people often reach for a coffee in the morning to start the day.But one of the best-kept healthy habits in the Far East is drinking tea.A 2014 study of Japanese adults found that those who drank green tea each day lowered their risk of diabetes by 33 percent.Take off your shoes when indoors.Japanese traditionally do not wear their shoes in the house and change into slippers instead._19_.But when you think about it,it makes total sense!Shoes can carry infectious bacteria,so consider taking off sneakers when indoors.After all,people wear their shoes in the dirty streets.The last thing you want to do is bring that all inside your home.Soak in long and hot baths.Do you know Japan is full of natural hot springs?Volcanic activity throughout the island naturally heats over 3,000 mineral springs._20_,because they know these healing waters ease muscle pain and prevent disease.A.Drink plenty of tea B.It may seem strange at first C This makes them comfortable D.The Japanese like to soak in the hot springs E.Remember to spend quality time with family F.The Japanese people continue the practice every morning G.Eating a nutritiousdiet results in living a long and healthy life 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I used to believe in the American Dream,which meant a job,a mortgage(按揭),credit cards,success.I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else,allof us_21_chasing the same thing.One year,through a series of unhappy events,it all_22_down I found myself homeless and alone.I only owned my truck and$56.I_23_ the countryside for some place I could rent for the _24_ possible amount.I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road_25_the Potomac River inWest Virginia.It was _26_,full of broken glass and rubbish.I found the owner,rented it,and_27_ a corner to camp in.The locals knew nothing about me,_28_ slowly,they started teaching me the_29_of being a neighbor.They dropped off blankets,candles,and tools,and began_30_to chat.They started to teach me a belief in a _31_American Dreamnot the one of individual achievement but of_32_.What I had believed in,all those things I thought were_33_ for a civilized life,were nonexistent in this place._34_on the mountain,my most valuable possessions were my _35_with my neighbors.Four years later,I moved back into_36_.I saw many people were having a really hard time,_37_their jobs and homes.I managed to rent a big enough house to_38_a handful of people.There are four of us now in the house,but over time Ive had nine people come in and move on to other places.Wed all be in_39_if we hadnt banded together.The American Dream I believe in now is a_40_one.Its not so much about what I can get for myself;its about what we can all get by together.21.A.violently B.equally C.separately D.naturally 22.A.broke B.go C.fail D.cut 23.A.crossed B.left C.toured D.searched 24.A.fullest B.cheapest C.fairest D.largest 25.A.along B.through C.over D.round 26.A.occupied B.robbed C.emptied D.abandoned 27.A.turned B.cleared C.approached D.took 28.A.but B.although C.otherwise D.for 29.A.benefit B.lesson C.nature D.art 30.A.pausing B.working C.learning D.moving 31.A.different B.real C.wild.D.remote 32.A.friendliness B.happiness C.neighborliness D.kindness 33.A.unique B.expensive C.rare D.necessary 34.A.Up B.Down C.Deep D.Along 35.A.cooperation B.relationships C.satisfaction D.appointments 36.A.reality B.society C.town D.life 37.A.creating B.losing C.quitting D.offering 38.A.put in B.turn in