2021届中山市坦洲镇坦洲中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案.pdf

2021 届中山市坦洲镇坦洲中学高三英语下学期期中试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Bob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman,they write“The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.”College is a more pressured environment than it used to be,in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased.Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex,drugs and alcohol.Most dont know how to manage their time or money.They often feel lonely and overwhelmed,resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin,director of clinical service for student-counseling(咨询)services at Iowa State University,says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life.She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that arent easily defined or fixed.And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently.For example,by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars.The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course.“Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,”they say.Many homesick freshmen think theyll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving.So parents can help by letting them know theyre welcome to return if they feel the need.In the meantime,parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids.One of the best ways is e-mail.Its less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1.Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A.Because they often fail in exams.B.Because they lack time and money.C.Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D.Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2.In the last paragraph,it is suggested that _.A.parents should stop buying anything for their kids B.parents should develop a good relationship with their kids C.parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kids D.parents should work with high schools in college-life courses 3.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A.Hard Life of College Freshmen B.Approaches to Trouble in College C.Freshmens Adaptation Problems D.A Strange Phenomenon in College B Italys fashion capital is gray not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky,which traps pollution.ButMilannow wants to change it.The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030-a move that experts say could offer relief from the citys hot weather.Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements.Architect Stefano Boeris Vertical Forest residential(居民的)tower,completed in 2014,aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents.Boeri created a smallisland of greenery in the heart ofMilan,filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today.It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change,because everyone can plant trees,Boeri said.Damiano Di Simine,a member of the environmental group Legambiente,said the greenMilanproject will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area.City show thatMilanexperiences 35 hot nights a year.Because the city lies close to theAlps,Milin gets very little wind to lower the citys temperatures.Planting trees will help this,Di said.TheVerticalForesthas attracted more than 20 species of birds.And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning,even in hot summers.TheVerticalForests total greenery-can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year.The presence of green trees has a very important effect on peoples health and psychological state,as has already been proved.4.What change doesMilanplan to make?A.Planting more trees.B.Creating a new fashion style.C.Pulling down more gray stone buildings.D.Doing more surveys to study global wanning.5.Whats Boeris opinion on the citys plan?A.It costs a lot.B.It is unpractical.C.It fails to attract peoples attention.D.It is helpful to fight against climate change.6.What is Di Simines attitude toward the citys plan?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Disappointed.D.Unconcerned.7.What does the last paragraph focus on?A.Specifics of the citys plan.B.Challenges faced by the city.C.The aim of theVerticalForestproject.D.The positive effect of theVerticalForestproject.C About 12 years ago,Sandy Cambron noticed her mother,Pearl Walker,had become quiet after she moved into a nursing home for patients of Alzheimers disease inKentucky.“We tried everything photos,old stories but nothing worked,”she said.“It was really hard for everyone to see how she had changed.”Then one day whileSandywas in a toy store,she had an idea:Why not givePearla baby doll so she could feel as if she were caring for something again?And why not give one to all the other care center seniors?As soon asSandygavePearlthe doll,her mothers face lit up.“She started talking again and she never went anywhere without that baby,”Sandysaid.“She took baby to the dining room with her and slept with her in her arms every night.When she passed away a year later,we even buried her with that well-loved baby doll.”In the following 10 years,Sandy and her husband,Wayne Cambron,continued to buy dolls and hand them out to the elderly of care centers near their home every New Year.Now Pearls Memory Babies is anonprofit(非营利)organization that has contributed more than 300 dolls to old people with Alzheimers disease at nursing homes since February 2018.Last year,Sandyposted New Years photos on Facebook,all of which are about seniors reacting to dolls thatshe and Wayne sent to a local nursing home.The post was shared more than 210,000 times overnight.People gave almost$15,000 online.That helped the group buy many dolls.“The dolls offer treatment and comfort,”said Elise Hinchman,who works at a care center inKentucky,Some seniors cry when they get a doll.And they always rock and talk to their dolls.People with Alzheimer might lose their memories,but they dont lose their ability to love.”8.How did Pearl change after she moved to a nursing home?A.She hardly talked.B.She lost hope in life.C.She felt bored.D.She forgot everything.9.How didPearlreact after receiving the doll?A.She began to cry.B.She was very delighted.C.She played it with a baby.D.She was unconcerned about it.10.Whats paragraph 5 mainly about?A.What Sandy did for her mother.B.Peoples reaction toSandys post.C.The rising needs for baby dolls.D.HowSandybecame a celebrity.11.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Good News for Alzheimers Patients B.How to Remove Alzheimers Disease C.Baby Dolls Cheer up Alzheimers Patients D.Daughter Helps Mother Recover Memory D Why doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes?Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century.The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years.The 21st century has beenno more kind.The Earths outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates(构造板块)that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earths outer shell.Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction(摩擦力).Haitiis also overpopulated.Plus,many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes.Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes.Poor building practices can also play arole.“I think its important to recognize that theres no such thing as a natural disaster,”said Wendy Bohon,a geologist.“What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system.We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,”said Wendy.“And its quite a significant risk in places that dont have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti,which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere.“While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures,the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,”said Mark Schuller,a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haitis government has become increasingly weak,while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.“There is technical knowledge inHaiti,There are trained architects.There are cityplanners.Thats not the problem,”Schuller said.“The problem is a lack of funding for coordination(协调),and lack of political will from donors to organizations providing aid.”12.Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?A.Its overpopulation.B.Its weak government.C.Its geographical location.D.Its weak architecture system.13.What does the underlined part“the fault”in paragraph 4 refer to?A Lacking political will to provide aid.B.Lacking hurricane-resistant;buildings.C.Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.D.Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.14.Whats Schullers attitude towardsHaitis government?A Supportive.B.Critical.C.Indifferent.D.Interested.15.Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?A.Fund and will.B.Skilled architects.C.Urban designers.D.Technology and money.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Losing focus can be a result of a distracting(让人分心的)environment,not preparing yourself mentally for your work.Luckily,focusing is something we can learn and practice.It may take time to build up your focusing ability,but through repeating focusing skills,you can take back control of your own mind and become more effective._16_ First,you can prepare by writing out your to-do list the night before._17_For example,instead of simply writing down“study Spanish,write down something like remember 20 Spanish words.This way,when it comes time to actually focus,you wont need to spend any time wondering what you need to do.Youll know the specific task you need to achieve,and youll be able to get straight to work._18_Poor sleep can make it extremely difficult to achieve anything.Your mind doesnt have the energy it needs for intense(紧张的)periods of focus.If you really have to focus on a project even though you dont sleep well,try taking 10-minute naps in-between tasks so you can start to regain some of your energy.Right before getting to work,take a few minutes to do some breathing exercises,and look over your to-do list._19_Thinking over all your tasks and imagining completing each one can make getting started much easier.Perhaps most importantly:turn your phone off and put it in another room or in a drawer somewhere you cant see it._20_Like they always say:“Out of sight,out of mind.”A.Next,make sure you get enough sleep.B.Make sure this list is as specific as possible.C.Prepare yourself mentally right before you start working.D.Finally,remember that hours of focused work is an-unrealistic goal.E.In fact,there are many simple things you can do right away to start seeing results.F.Removing it from your space will help a lot when it comes to focusing on the task.G.It can also be helpful to change your workspace in order to stimulate(刺激)your brain.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When I was a small child,during the war,we were very poor and we lived in a faraway village.One day,on the road,I found the_21_pieces of a mirror.There was a German motorcycle accident.I tried to find all the pieces and put them_22_,but it was not possible,so I kept only the_23_piece and I made it round.I began to_24_with it as a toy and became greatly attracted by the_25_that I could reflect(反射)light to dark places where the sun would never shinein_26_holes and some other dark places.It became a _27_for me to get light into the darkest places I could find.I _28_the little mirror,and,as I_29_up,I would take it out when Ihad nothing to do and_30_the game,As I became a _31_,I grew to understand that this was not _32_a childs game but a metaphor（象征）for what I might do with my life.I came to _33_that I am not the light or the source(来源)of light.But lighttruth,understanding,knowledgeis _34_,and it will shine in many dark places only if I reflect it.I am just a single piece of a mirror whose_35_design and shape I do not know._36_,with what I have I can reflect light into the dark places of this_37_into the black places in the _38_of menand change some things_39_some people.Perhaps others may see and do the same.This is what I am about.This is the_40_of my life.21.A.pointed B.dropped C.broken D.sharpened 22.A.together B.down C.back D.up 23.A.best B.largest C.smallest D.longest 24.A.talk B.share C.flash D.play 25.A.idea B.reason C.decision D.fact 26.A.pretty B.big C.deep D.empty 27.A.game B.task C.job D.trouble 28.A.forgot B.hid C.kept D.lost 29.A.grew B.stood C.came D.went 30.A.watch B.change C.remember D.continue 31.A.father B.boy C.man D.grandfather 32.A.always B.just C.really D.completely 33.A.understand B.doubt C.announce D.expect 34.A.absent B.there C.far D.home 35.A.half B.most C.whole D.other 36.A.So B.Certainly C.Besides D.However 37.A.world B.village C.country D.city 38.A.hands B.hearts C.eyes D.brains 39.A.on B.like C.with D.in 40.A.way B.meaning C.quality D.standard 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chocolate is everywhere,but science is still sorting out this adored product.In 2018,Planta Medica published a review of previous research on chocolates effect_41._mood.The authors found that few of the studies_42._（analyze）chemically the chocolate consumed by participants.That matters,said the authors,because chemicals present in chocolate vary widely based on how it_43._（process）,such as roasting temperature and time.Also,one specific chemical,interaction between multiple chemicals or something else may_44._（entire）affect health.Our brains naturally produce anandamide（大麻素）.And its also found in chocolate,_45._leads to claims that the sweet stuff is the ultimate feelgood food.But,as the 2018 review noted,chocolate has only tiny_46._（amount）of anandamide,and it breaks down quickly.Chocoholics take heart,literally.A 2015 study linked_47._（high）chocolate consumption with a lower risk for heart disease.Speaking of chocoholics,an April review of research on ones food_48._（addict）found evidence that chocolate produced neurobiological changes similar to those_49._（see）with drug use.The studies were not conclusive,_