2021年荣成市实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案.pdf

2021 年荣成市实验中学高三英语下学期期末试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A HubeiProvincehas long been a favorite Chinese tourist destination because of its natural scenery,historic cities,and beautiful mountains.Here are some of the best places to visit inHubeiProvince.YellowCraneTower YellowCraneToweris known as one of the Three Famous Towers South of Yangtze River,together withYueyangTowerinHunanand Tengwang Pavilion inJiangxi.The history ofYellowCraneTowerdates back to the Three Kingdoms period(220-280)in Chinese history.The tower was used as a watchtower by the King of Wus army in the beginning.Enshi Grand Canyon Enshi Grand Canyon can beChinas answer to the Grand Canyon inArizona,theUnited Statesin beauty.The canyon runs 108 kilometers and occupies a land area of 3,000 square kilometers.The region where Enshi Grand Canyon is located used to be a vast sea with many limestone deposits 230 million years ago.Shennongjia Scenic Area It is famous for its varied plant species as well as mountains.Regarded as the“Lungs of Central China,the forest coverage reaches over 90 percent of the area.Due to the special climate,it is neither too hot in summer nor too cold in winter.Sometimes clouds stretch around mountains,rewarding tourists with unforgettable views.Besides,the area is home to some rare animals such as golden monkeys,white bears and antelope.The Three-Gorge Tribe scenic spot Located in the area of the Xiling Gorge in the city ofYichang,it has the beauty of landscape paintings.The spot is a“ProtectedCenterof the Popular Culture and Art of the Three Gorges”.Since ancient times,a lot of famous scholars have produced a great number of excellent poems praising the beauty of this place,some of which are carved on the stones along theYangtze River.1.What is special aboutYellowCraneTower?A.It has a long history.B.It offers a scenic view.C.It once served wars purposes.D.It is the best-known tower inChina 2.Why is the Grand Canyon inArizonamentioned?A.To explain its popularity inChina.B.To help readers know more about it.C.To prove the beauty of the Chinese canyon.D.To show differences between the two canyons.3.Which place will a Chinese literature lover probably visit?A.Enshi Grand Canyon.B.YellowCraneTower.C.Shennongjia Scenic Area.D.TheThree-Gorge Tribe scenic spot.B I cried the first time I saw the Notre Dame（巴黎圣母院）years ago.Id waited my entire life to see this great French architecture,and experienced it in its full glory on a bright sunny day.Last night,I again cried for the centuries-old church while watching it burn.I hadnt expected to spend my evening that way.My friend and I were having dinner at a cafe a block or so away from the Notre Dame,choosing to skip going inside with the intention to go back the next day.However,we heard that it caught fire,so we left the cafe and ran towards the church,following heavy smoke from it,and soon we joined a nearly silent crowd.Some were praying,some were crying,but most were staring in disbelief at the disaster happening before us.The fire continued to get worse.About 400 firefighters were working to control the fire.We could see their flashlights shining as they inspected the front from a balcony.The Notre Dame is part of the heartbeat ofParis,I reflected on the experiences Ive had there,from attending a bread market out front to admiring the beautiful windows and architecture inside.It is a spot that helps makeParismagical.And here we were,watching it burn down.It was too much to handle,but it was impossible to look away.About 9：30 pm,the gathered crowd spontaneously（自发地）began to sing Hymns（圣歌）to the church.We sang along with the group,feeling at once less like tourists and more like members of them.I hadnt imagined all that before.For hundreds of years,the Notre Dame hasseen the most joyous and the most terrible moments in the lives of both France and her people.And when everyone was able to become one emotional force,it showed that even in her darkest hour,the Notre Dame was still there to bring us all together.4.Why did the author cry for the Notre Dame for the first time?A.She was touched by its greatness.B.She was sorrowful to watch it burn.C.She was regretful for missing its glory.D.She was excited about French cultures.5.What was the author doing when the Notre Dame caught fire?A.Heading for a faraway cafe.B.Visiting a church with a friend.C.Eating nearby with a friend.D.Wandering along the street alone.6.What can we know about the fire scene?A.People expressed their sadness in different ways.B.People were nervously rushing in different directions.C.Hundreds of volunteers joined in putting out the fire.D.Firefighters kept people away with shining flashlights.7.What impressed the author most?A.The church allowed visitors to gaingreat experiences.B.Many foreign tourists became members of the church.C.The church survived disasters for hundreds of years.D.People were brought together to sing to the church.C Californias August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path.It was the largest wildfire in the states recorded history,breaking the record previously set in 2018.After the fire,land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions,saving time and expense.The tool can“show where young trees are needed most,where the forest isnt going to come back on its own,where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests,says lead author Joseph Stewart,an ecologist at the University of California,Davis.To develop the model,Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012.They combined these data with information on rainfall,geography,climate,forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees（针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years,assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tools potential benefits are significant,says Kimberley Davis,a conservation scientist at theUniversityofMontana,who was not involved in the study.Those managers will still have to make hard decisions,such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change,but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.8.What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A.Lack of wood supplies.B.Where to plant new trees best.C.How to save the burned trees.D.Loss of trees and wild animals.9.Whats the main idea of paragraph 2?A.The function of the tool.B.The disadvantages of the tool.C.The improvement of the tool.D.The development of the tool.10.What does the underlined word They refer to?A.The study plots.B.The data.C.Stewart and his colleagues.D.The seeds.11.What isDavis attitude towards the tool?A.Skeptical.B.Ambiguous.C.Tolerant.D.Optimistic.D A growing body of research is revealing associations between birth defects(缺陷)and a fathers age,alcohol use and environmental factors,say researchers atGeorgetown University Medical Center.They say these defects result from epigenetic changes that can potentially affect multiple generations.The study,published in theAmerican Journal of Stem Cells,suggest both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring a common sense conclusion which science is only now beginning to demonstrate,says the studys senior investigator,Joanna Kitlinska,PhD,an associate professor in biochemistry,and molecular and cellular biology.“We know the nutritional,hormonal and psychological environment provided by the mother permanently influences organ structure,cellular response and gene expression in her offspring,”she says.“But our study shows the same thing to be true with fathers his lifestyle,and how old he is,can be reflected in molecules that control gene function,”she says.“In this way,a father can affect not only his immediate offspring,but future generations as well.”For example,a newborn can be diagnosed with fetal(胎儿的)alcohol spectrum disorder(FASD),even though the mother has never consumed alcohol,Kitlinska says.“Up to 75 percent of children with FASD have biological fathers who are alcoholics,suggesting that preconceptual paternal alcohol consumption negatively impacts their offspring.”Advanced age of a father is correlated with elevated rates of certain diseases,and birth defects in his children.A limited diet during a fathers preadolescence has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular death in his children and grandchildren.Paternal obesity is linked to enlarged fat cells,changes in metabolic regulation,diabetes,obesity and development of brain cancer.Psychosocial stress on the father is linked to defective behavioral traits in his offspring.And paternal alcohol use leads to decreased newborn birth weight,marked reduction in overall brain size and impaired cognitive function.“This new field of inherited paternal epigenetics needs to be organized into clinically applicable recommendations and lifestyle alternations,”Kitlinska says.“And to really understand the epigenetic influences of a child,we need to study the interplay between maternal and paternal effects,as opposed to considering each in isolation.”12.Whats the message the writer conveys in the passage?A.Both parents contribute to the health status of their offspring.B.Fathers age and lifestyle are tied to birth defects.C.Father plays a more critical role in birth defects.D.Birth defects can potentially affect multiple generations.13.What can we infer from the example in Paragraph 5?A.FASD can only be diagnosed in a newborn whose father is addicted to alcohol.B.A newborn will not contract FASD if his mother has never consumed alcohol.C.A fathers lifestyle can negatively impact his offspring.D.Most children have biological fathers who are alcoholics.14.Which of the following situations is less likely to lead to childrens birth defects?A.Having a father with a limited diet.B.Having a father who is an alcoholic.C.Having an overweight father.D.Having a father with psychosocial stress.15.What will the research probably continue to focus on in the part that follows?A.The maternal epigenetic influences of a child.B.The ways to avoid negative paternal influence on children.C.The clinical application of the research findings.D.The interaction between maternal and paternal effects.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 We spend so much time waiting to be loved,hoping love will find us,and looking for that speciallove.Unfortunately,thats not usually how life works.To be loved,you should love and respect yourself as much as you do others.In order to love someone,you should love yourself.Stop comparing（比较）yourself to others._16_We all have different gifts.When you compare yourself to others for what they have,whether it is a car,a house,or a job,it makes you feel bad about yourself.Really be grateful about everything you have.Gratitude keeps your heart open to love.Practice receiving love.To truly love is to be able to receive it.When someone loves you,does some kind deeds to you,or says kind words,accept it._17_Know that you are worthy of love.It is important to accept a gift of love by others.You give yourself a chance to learn more about yourself that you are lovable._18_ _19_Write about your experiences,good and bad.When you write down good experiences,allow yourself to feel those feelings.When you remember bad experiences,allow yourself to feel self-compassion.Compassion is not self-pity,but rather willingness to accept ones own pain and regret.Stop trying to be perfect.Stop blaming（责备）yourself for being less than perfect._20_Just follow all the steps above and dont let anyones expectations of you put any pressure on you.A.Do not feel sorry about it.B.Everyone on the earth is unique（独一无二的）.C.Allow yourself to feel the love that has come your way.D.Appreciate yourself.E.Keep a diary.F.Always do your best,but not reaching perfection is NOT failure.G.You give someone a joy of giving by loving you.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 It was my first day at school.I felt nervous and_21_.I went to all my classes with no_22_.It felt like no one cared.I listened_23_to all the lessons and waited for the lunch break at one.Then finally the bell_24_.It was time to talk and have fun.In the lunch line I met a new friend who_25_a hijab（穆斯林女性戴的面纱）on her head,and_26_I am Jewish,we got along well,and I was so_27_when she said,“Sit with us,at our table.She_28_to the table next to the door.So I_29_,and took my tray（托盘）and was about to_30_with her across the floor when suddenly I felt a push,Hey,I saw you on the bus,“said a tall girl in a long skirt,I saw your Jewish star necklace.You should_31_with us.”At that moment I_32_,and thats when I noticed,to my_33_the nations of the world_34_themselves.Thats what I saw through my own eyes.The Spanish only sat with the Spanish,the Hindus only with Hindus,the Russians always with Russians,and never the Arabs with the Jews.I saw the reason why_35_gets started.Everyone_36_to their own kind.The_37_room was a map of the world.Why was everyone so_38_?And so I turned down this girl,and went with the first,and there was no_39_.I built a bridge between two worlds when I sat with those who were_40_from me.21.A.happy B.scared C.tired D.relaxed 22.A.teachers B.passions C.goals D.friends 23.A.anxiously B.carefully C.casually D.sadly 24.A.failed B.broke C.fell D.rang 25.A.designed B.wore C.made D.put 26.A.unless B.when C.though D.if 27.A.worried B.relieved C.angry D.grateful 28.A.led B.faced C.viewed D.pointed 29.A.ignored B.agreed C.refused D.promised 30.A.walk B.run C.communicate D.meet 31.A.joke B.learn C.talk D.sit 32.A.looked out B.looked down C.looked around D.looked on 33.A.disappointment B.horror C.surprise D.delight 34.A.enjoying B.isolating C.connecting D.helping 35.A.love B.help C.quarrel D.war 36.A.objects B.refers C.sticks D.adds 37.A.sitting B.living C.cafe D.lunch 38.A.cold B.blind C.bored D.mean 39.A.confidence B.hurt C.trouble D.demand 40.A.different B.separate C.far D.free 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Surrounding_41._(you)with positive people can have a great influence(影响)on your life.When someone has a positive outlook(人生观)on life,they wake up in the morning _42._energy and enthusiasm.These are the kind of people_43._are going to encourage you to have a great attitude.These people are confident that things will work out for them.They are_44._(hope)about the future and willing to do whatever is necessary to get things_45._(do).Thats the exact kind of attitude and behavior you need to be exposed(接触)to on a regular_46._base).As you