2021年荣成市第十二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 年荣成市第十二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Looking to the future,we are now focusing on next years tours.We are not presently taking bookings,but if a specific tour lifts your spirits,why not mark your interest and we will contact you when the time is right.Japan October 2021 A centre for technology with natural beauty,Japan is a must-see destination for science and nature lovers.Join us on a special journey across the country during its fantastic autumn to see its amazing landscapes,visit leading scientific institutions and experience robotics and AI.Antarctica April to September 2021 Join us aboard the Magellan Explorer for an exciting adventure to South Georgia and the Antarctic Peninsula,exploring the worlds largest ocean reserve and best ocean ecosystem.Follow in the footstepsof the great scientists while marveling（惊叹）at icebergs,ancient glaciers and ice flies onto volcanic beaches.Italy March and June 2021 Encounter the great scientific minds and discoveries of the Renaissance on a cultural adventure across two of its cities,Florence and Bologna.Enjoy beautiful surroundings as you take in the wonderful collections,buildings and churches that demonstrate the period across architecture and paintings.Czech Republic May and July 2021 Discover the legacy（遗产）of Kepler and Brahe in Prague,a city where astronomy,maths,medicine and architecture connect.Kepler became the father of modern astronomy supported by the observational data from Brahe.1.What can travelers do in Japan?A.Experience space travel.B.Enjoy its spring landscape.C.Visit its scientific institutions.D.Learn about its traditional culture.2.Which of the following can you choose if you are free in August?A.Japan.B.Italy.C.Antarctica.D.Czech Republic.3.What do Italy and Czech Republic havein common?A.Astronomy.B.Architecture.C.Paintings.D.Medicine.B A company called Neuralink has shared a video which appears to show a monkey playing a video game,but what makes the video even stranger is that themonkey is playing the video game with just its mind.Neuralink is a company owned by Elon Musk,which is working to develop devices that could allow people to control things using just their brains.The monkey in the video is called Pager,having special Link devices inside his brain.These devices are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pagers brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game using a banana juice as a reward when he playedthe game correctly.Soon Pager was eager to play well in order to get more smoothie.At first,Pager controlled the video game using a joystick(操纵杆).But as Pager played,his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands.Neuralinks scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match up the signals from Pagers brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing.This was challenging work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence(AI)to help them decode(解码)Pagers brain signals.The next step was to have a computer make moves in the video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick.If Pager thought about moving the joystick up,the computer would send an upsignal to the video game.Thus Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.When people are paralyzed(瘫痪的),its often because the brain has lost the ability to send signals to nerves and muscles in certain parts of the body.Neuralink hopes that one day,its system will be ableto send this information in a different way,allowing paralyzed people to use their arms or legs again.4.What does Neuralink aim to do?A.To make monkeys much smarter.B.To solve complex problems with monkeys.C.To create a device linking monkeys and people.D.To make people control things with their brains.5.How does the author introduce the process of the research?A.In order of time.B.By making a comparison.C.By giving examples.D.In order of space.6.What played an important role in the success of the research?A.The joystick.B.Artificial intelligence.C.The video game.D.The banana smoothie.7.Which is the most suitable title of the test?A.Neuralink Posts an Unusual Video B.Disabled People Have a Bright Future C.Monkey Plays Video Games with His Mind D.Neuralink,a Creative and Competitive Company C As is commonly known,Antarcticais an icy continent with extreme environment.However,a new study provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast ofAntarctica.In the sediment,they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old.At that period,dinosaurs were the ruler animals of the land.Johann Klages,a German geologist,was the lead writer of a study on the findings,published in the journalNature.He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor.Klages said an examination showed that the material didnt form in the ocean.The researchers estimate that the area about 900 kilometers from the South Pole had average yearly temperatures of about12Cto13C.The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay,as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants,the study found.Although no animal remains were found,Klages said there were likely dinosaurs,flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth experienced in the past and is currently undergoing today.The soil in the sediment dates back to the planets warmest period of the past 140 million years,with sea level about 170 meters higher than today.The researchers said that the rainforest environment inAntarcticawas especially surprising because each year,the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life.Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time,but seasonal snowfall was likely.8.What can we learn about the sediment collected?A.It formed in the age of dinosaurs.B.It was found on theAntarcticaland.C.Ancient forest material was found in it.D.Some dinosaur remains were found in it.9.How did the researchers reach their findings?A.By analyzing the Earth sediment.B.By exploring ice inAntarctica.C.By collecting data on climate.D.By researching special plants.10.What can be indicated in the last paragraph?A.Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.B.Antarctica was much colder 140 million years ago.C.Antarcticas natural environment has changed greatly.D.Polar nights inAntarcticaare getting shorter than before.11.What is the main idea of the text?A.Rainforest disappeared fromAntarctica.B.Antarctica had a different history of climate.C.Researchers studied a piece of Earth sediment ofAntarctica.D.Antarcticahad an extreme environment containing ice and snow.D Jon Pedley is making a big change.He is giving up his life as a businessman for a life of helping others.He is trading his beautiful farmhouse in England for life in a mud hut in Uganda,East Africa.Pedley admits that he has notalways led a very positive life.At times he drank too much and got in trouble with the law.“Ive always put the pursuit of money in front of everything else.As long as I was all right,I didnt care who I was hurting,”says Pedley.But a visit to Uganda in 2007 gave Pedley a new outlook on life.He was amazed at what he saw and how much the people there appreciated the work he was doing.“I worked there for a few days and these people who have nothing were thanking me by giving me bags of potatoes,which are a fortune for them,”he said.Now Pedley is selling his business,his$1.5 million farmhouse,and his expensive car and moving into a hut made of mud and boards in a small Ugandan village.There he will help run an organization that hopes to improve the quality of life for people in the village of Kigazi.He will help to build schoolrooms for children and tanks to hold clean water for villagers.Today,people in Kigazi must walk two miles to a hospital,so Pedley will help to build doctors offices,too.Pedleys organization will also work with English teenagers who are in trouble.The teens will be sent to a“camp”in Uganda that Pedley will run.The teens will live in mud huts and help to build water,health,and education facilities for kids in Kigazi,many of whom have lost their parents to poverty or disease.Pedley hopes the teens will see a side of life that might help them turn around their own lives and set them on a new and more positive path.12.Which of the following best describes Pedleys life in the past?A.Negative.B.Colorful.C.Independent.D.Selfish.13.What will Pedley do in the small Ugandan village?A.Do business with the local people.B.Help farmers increase potato output.C.Assist villagers with construction work.D.Introduce tools to improve English teaching.14.Why will Pedley work with English teenagers in trouble?A.To encourage them to make friends with locals.B.To inspire them to live a more positive life.C.To train them to become doctors in the future.D.To make them learn about different cultures.15.What is the best title for the text?A.From millionaire to mud hut B.A life-changing adventure C.A rich man becoming homeless D.More money,more worries 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 The Qingming Festival is celebrated with a three-day national holiday,whose name originates from the saying“Plants start to revive and prosperat Qingming in a clean and bright way.Thus,the festival is called Qingming,”which means clean and bright._16_.Tomb sweeping aims to commemorate family ancestors while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season.Traditional customs Tomb sweeping._17_on this day,the whole family gathers in front of their ancestral tombs.They offer fruit and wine to their ancestors and clean the weeds from around the tomb.Finally,they kowtow and pray,hoping for their ancestors blessing for the rest of the year.Spring outing.The time around the Qingming Festival is one of the most suitable seasons fora spring outing,as plants are thriving and flowers are blooming.People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family._18_ Traditional food Qingtuan,a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand,is also called Qingmingguo or Aiguo._19_It is a mixture of sticky rice powder and green vegetable juice.stuffed with sweetened bean paste,Qingtuan tastes sweet with the fresh fragrance of Aicao,a green spring vegetable,In celebration of Qingming,people from Shaanxi make steamed buns,known as Huamo,made into different shapes._20_Some are for peaceful family life while others represent the wish for health.A.With each different look comes a good blessing.B.The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty.C.The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing.D.Family members gather together to celebrate and taste the food.E.Playing football and flying kites are popular activities.F.Many traditional customs are practiced to show respect for our ancestors.G.It is popular in the southern regions of the Yangtze River.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Tang,who retired two years ago,had taught physical education for 34 years in primary and middle schools in rural areas.Apart from_21_,Tang is also well-known and seeks out many young_22_to train in Hunans Xinning county of Shaoyang city.For more than 30 years,athletes with disabilities are_23_by Tang,and they have won championships in many_24_.Tang is also_25_as a world champions first teacher for taking village children into the world of sports.For him,being_26_does not mean the end,but makes him get more time to help rural children_27_their sporting dreams.Tangs_28_place for the children is in his former home,in a room_29_less than 30 square meters.Walls that have fallen into_30_show the houses age,and the rings and hemp(大 麻)rope hanging from the_31_have also helped many athletes to_32_their skills.“Get in line!”Tang asks his students toline up for their warming-up_33_.“Rural children are more_34_and they enjoy running and jumping.Sometimes it is difficult to_35_them,”he comments.“_36_,they are really enthusiastic about sports and can_37_much difficulty.”Tang often_38_kindergartens and elementary schools in the county to find more sports-loving and_39_talented children.He asks the children to_40_the standing long jump and the short running.For so many years,Tang has been engaged in sports teaching in village.21.A.teaching B.studying C.resting D.sleeping 22.A.students B.teachers C.athletes D.children 23.A.picked up B.brought up C.taken in D.trapped in 24.A.ways B.places C.competitions D.shows 25.A.served B.recognized C.clarified D.remembered 26.A.retired B.famous C.excited D.courageous 27.A.suppose B.process C.arrange D.achieve 28.A.mentioning B.training C.surrounding D.discovering 29.A.facing B.setting C.spreading D.measuring 30.A.goods B.ruins C.pictures D.paintings 31.A.building B.barrier C.column D.ceiling 32.A.demand B.support C.develop D.expose 33.A.activities B.exercises C.effects D.abilities 34.A.generous B.lovely C.energetic D.protective 35.A.warm B.grasp C.fight D.control 36.A.However B.Anyway C.Therefore D.Instead 37.A.face B.change C.lose D.complain 38.A.knows B.masters C.visits D.decorates 39.A.seriously B.really C.honestly D.kindly 40.A.help B.keep C.submit D.learn 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 The day before last Chinese Lunar New Years Eve,La Rinascente Department Store in Milan of Italy displayed a special Chinese painting to welcome the Year of the Rat.Elements of both the East and the West_41._(combine)in this artwork.It was the work of a young designer,Chen Zuer.Chen says that it was really_42._(stress)when she first met staff members from the department store to propose her ideas for displaying her work in shop windows.“They seemed very strict_43._that made me nervous,”she recalls.“I kept telling_44._(I)just to show them the real me.”When_45._(ask)about her opinion of Chinese culture,she said“it can be_46._(true)magnificent like the Palace Museum,but it can also be as simple as_47._I drew as a Chinese girl”.After her presentation,she won the opportunity_48._(exhibit)her work,which turned out to be_49._great success.The young Chinese artists fresh design enjoyed great_50._(popular)in the old Italian store.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节短文改错（满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。Hi,Momhas been put on in our city,that has becomeChinas favorite among the Lunar New Year offerings.Im extreme moved by the movie.We