2021年苏州市张家港市第八中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案.pdf

2021 年苏州市 张家港市第八中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Obesity(肥胖症)is becoming a problem in our busy society,and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese.Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight.If you are obese,you have too much bodyfat.If you eat more food than your body can use,this will make you put on weight.Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain.Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers,sweet drinks,ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise,you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much.People who are worried,unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better.This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor,as you tend(趋于)to be less active when you get older.When you get older,you need to eat less,and if you do not eat less,you will put on weight.Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems,high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1.The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that _.A.obesity does not do harm to health.B.there are more obese children than before.C.all the American children are obese.D.there are less obese children in the USA.2.According to the passage,there are _ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A.three B.four C.five D.six 3.What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A.How to avoid obesity.B.How to live in the busy USA.C.What illnesses are caused by obesity.D.How doctors treat heart problems.B Kids ages 6 to13 inCape Town,South Africa,really do dig learning at school!With the help of the Earthchild Project,which is offered in schools in two townships,students make worm(蠕虫)farms.The worms break down food waste and make the soil richer.Kids grow seedlings(幼苗)in containers and learn about the importance of good nutrition.The school program also offers yoga(瑜伽).Teachers find that the exercises help students focus better.The students enjoy Earthchild activities.“The children gets so excited”,says teacher Vuyelwa Rola.“The society we are in has a lot of noise.When students are taking part in the Earthchild Project,they feel calm.”Director Janna Kretzmar came up with the idea for the project in 2005.She read about schools inIndiathat involved kids in yoga and learning outside the classroom.She developed the Earthchild Project to offer similar activities inCape Townschools.“We hope the Earthchild Project can help students find solutions to all the challenges they are facing in the world today,”Kretzmar said.“The best place to create change is with the youth,through education.”The Earthchild Project combines schoolwork with hiking,gardening,healthy living,and yoga.“We need more than just math and science to become happy,healthy,inspired,and active citizens of our communities,”says Kretzmar.In some communities inCape Town,children live in poverty.They must walk long distances to get clean drinking water.Life is hard.But according to the Earthchild Projects Carly Appleby,the project works to give hope to every child.“Students who have hope,”she says,“aim for bigger goals”.4.What do students benefit from yoga?A.It helps them calm down.B.It helps them concentrate.C.They can learn some living skills.D.They can learn about the importance of nutrition.5.What are students attitude towards the Earthchild Project?A.Uncaring.B.Doubtful.C.Supportive.D.Negative.6.What do you know about the Earthchild Project?A.It was founded in 2005.B.It only offers outside activities.C.The idea came up by Vuyelwa Rola.D.It is aimed at helping students find solutions to challenges.7.Whats the best title of the passage?A.Hard Life inSouth Africa.B.Students school life inCape Town.C.Hope from Earthchild Project inCape Town.D.The differences between traditional lessons and Earthchild Project.C The founder of Earth Day was Gaylord Nelson,a U.S.Senator fromWisconsin.During the late 1960s,Americans witnessed the uninvited side effects of high productivity.Factories and power plants were sending out smoke and industrial waste while Americans were using petrol for their massive(大量的)cars,making air pollution almostsynonymous withthe nations development.What moved Senator Nelson to action was the 1969 massive oil spill inCalifornia,the largest in theUnited Statesat that time.The spill proved to be an environmental nightmare as it had a significant effect on marine life,killing about 3,500 sea birds,as well as marine animals such as dolphins,elephant seals and sea lions,fueling public anger.Inspired by the student antiwar movement at that period of time,Nelson found it an appropriate time to direct the energy of the students towards a fight for environmental protection.He decided that it was time to educate the Americans on the need to protect the environment.Thus Earth Day was born in 1970,and public environmentalawareness took centre stage.On 22ndApril 1970,millions of Americans took to the street and thousands of students marched to appeal for a healthy,sustainable environment.There was now a new synergy(协同作用)among different groups which had previously been fighting their causes related to the environment.Their fight for environmental conservation became so overwhelming that affected businesses were forced to follow environmental standards if they wanted to continue their operations.As it became more apparent that environmental issues were not just localized ones but a global concern,the year 1990 saw Earth Day reach out to many more around the world.Earth Day 1990 helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit inRio de Janeiro,bringing together many nations for a united effort towards protecting the environment.8.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase“synonymous with”in paragraph 1?A.familiar with B.opposite to C.different from D.equal to 9.Why did Nelson found Earth Day?A.To support students antiwar movement.B.To draw peoples attention to the seriousness of the oil spill.C.To arouse Americans awareness of environmental conservation.D.To educate Americans to protect marine life threatened by oil spill events.10.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Businesses would like to follow environmental standards.B.Earth Day united people to fight for environmental protection.C.It was the side effects of high productivity that led Nelson to take action.D.The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit made Earth Day known to more countries.11.The passage mainly talks about_.A.how Earth Day came into being B.why Earth Day was so significant C.who the founder of Earth Day was D.what Earth Day meantto the world D Last year,138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb,a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers.Its a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000,and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections,asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure,Proposition F,with a nearly$10 million advertising campaign.It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app.The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities,and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels.Its a textbook example of the“sharing economy”,but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco.As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year,a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the companys image:middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet.Some users have taken advantage of the service,using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals.Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional,better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is,widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,”said ShareBetter SF,a group that supported Proposition F.Hotel unions have protested the companys practices inSan Franciscoand other cities,saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term,deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode.Actually,explode is a generous term.The average monthly rent for an apartment is around$4,000.Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesnt have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young,high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported,someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation.Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper,and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the citys existing problems.12.The intention of Proposition F is to _.A.place time limits in local election.B.set limits on short-term rental.C.strike down a controversial rule.D.urge users to vote against Airbnb.13.What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A.It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B.Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C.It makes the house market more competitive.D.It indirectly leads to high house rental price.14.The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from _.A.explosion of the living cost B.its geographic characteristics C.generosity of local enterprises D.inflow of migrant population 15.Theauthors attitude toward Proposition F is _.A.objective B.supportive C.negative D.indifferent 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 There are now lots of products and services on the market._16_It is vital,therefore,for a company to distinguish itself from its competitors by having a strong company image which is immediately recognizable.Logos are part of this image._17_The logo establishes a visual identity for the company,just as different groups of young people express their identity through hairstyles and clothes.All groups from all cultures and throughout the ages have used color1 s and symbols to show their identity._18_Some color1 s may be connected with coldness in one culture and with warmth in another.Some color1 s represent life in one culture but death in another.International companies have,therefore.to make sure that their logos will not be misunderstood in different countries.The logos of large international companies are instantly recognizable throughout the world.One of the most famous logos is that of Coca-Cola.The design of the wordsCoca-Colahas not changed since 1886,although the surrounding design has been changed from time to time.Many companies have over the years,renewed their logos._19_ Logos are used on packaging and brochures as well as on the product itself.They may also appear in newspapers or on television as part of an advertising campaign._20_The logo helps to promote this image and to fix it in the minds of the customers.Logos,therefore,need to be original and to have impact and style.A.Companies need to have a strong corporate identity.B.In different cultures,different color1 s carry different meanings.C.Colors and symbols,different in meanings,help identify a company.D.Many of them are similar in content though produced by different companies.E.They are symbols which often include a name or initials to identify a company.F.So,they can better fit in with contemporary design and present more powerful images.G.In this way,they are easier to be distinguished from those of the competing companies.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 Last year,I took an improvisational(即兴的)comedy class.I made a successful attempt to_21_my comfort zone and to have fun.One of the first things our teacher,Myles Goldin,told us to do whenever anyone made a mistake during an exercise was to_22_our hands high in the air and_23_,“Wahoo!”Within a couple of minutes of starting our first game,some students_24_to catch the virtual(虚拟)ball.Suddenly,Goldin was leading us in a round of yelling“Wahoo!”Goldin was conveying a central_25_;Mistakes are not only okay,theyre necessary building blocks of learning and creativity.“We should embrace and_26_mistakes,because we couldnt grow and create cool things without them,”she said.An increasing number of teachers are also doing so by encouraging students to_27_in direct experimentation.They are replacing the traditional“sage(智者)on stage”teaching style with“_28_on the side.”Students must instead attempt to think_29_,guided by a teachers careful questioning.This requires a lot of_30_and error.Along the way,students learn to_31_how failure often leads inadvertently(无意中)to new discoveries and inventions.One such program involves the design and construction of a pinhole(针孔)camera.Students use materials such as an old shoebox and oatmeal container,and must apply concepts from all four STEM_32_ science,technology,engineering and mathematics.Despite the apparent_33_of the materials provided,the challenge requires knowledge of light and optics(光学),engineering design processes(such as meeting the customer needs),mathematical modeling and scientific experimentation.The researchers found that learning outcomes were higher for students in science classes that take a student-centered_34_.Some of these effects were both significant and sustainable(可持续的).For instance,a_35_influence was measured onscores for tests taken 5.5 months after the original instruction.And the results appear to_36_to all students from kindergarten through college.Learning from mistakes is hardly a(n)_37_teaching or life philosophy.A century ago,after live months and more than 9,000 experiments,famed inventor Thomas Edison still wasnt able to make a new type of storage battery_38_,according to a 1910 authorized biography.When a colleague_39_all that effort had failed to produce any results,Edison retorted(反驳):“Results!Why,man,I have gotten a lot of_40_!I know several thousand things that won t work.”21.A.stretch B.convey C.establish D.cover 22.A.shake B.reach C.throw D.clap 23.A.roar B.yell C.cheer D.crow 24.A.struggled B.failed C.pretended D.managed 25.A.note B.report C.speech D.message 26.A.celebrate B.approve C.support D.avoid 27.A.take B.engage C.enter D.o