2021届东莞市东华高级中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案.pdf

2021 届东莞市东华高级中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Its the time of year when we start hiking.As you pack,remember to bring your smartphone.Whether youre going on a short walk or a long trip,there are a handful of apps that can help.MapMyHike This app tracks where youre hiking so you have a mapof your route at the end of the hike.It can also track other fitness information like the distance traveled,speed,pace,and even calories burned.You can save the data for your hike,so you can always access the route you look as well as track improvements to your workout.GaiaGPS You dont always have cellphone service when hiking,but you always want to know where you are.The GaiaGPS app provides that information.Download maps of different parts of the world,and access the GaiaGPS app in the middle of even the most remote trails.The GPS function makes using the maps simple,and the app will also point to areas of interest.Backpacking Checklist One of the worst things is being way out on a trail only to discover you left behind something important.Thats why checklists are the best.This checklist app helps you build a customized(定制的)list of things to take with you.Organize different lists based on trail lengths or requirements.Track all your essential items by weight and where you can find them.WildObs Using WildObs,you can record your observations of plants and animals and add them to the database.You can ask the community to help you identify something and keep track of everything youve met,and most importantly,you can become a citizen scientist.By recording what youve seen with this app,youre helping scientists keep track of whats happening to the natural world.1.What can you do with MapMyHike?A.Record your walking speed.B.Design a suitable hiking route.C.Locate popular tourist attractions.D.Store the data of your daily activities.2.What is WildObs intended to do?A.To provide survival skills.B.To lead the way.C.To identify wildlife.D.To help make preparations.3.Which app is most useful before hiking?A.GaiaGPS.B.MapMyHike.C.WildObs.D.Backpacking Checklist.B Weve all heard it before：to be successful,get out of bed early.After all,Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am,Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 amand,as we all know,the early birds catches the worm.But just because some successful people wake up early,does that mean its a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised,planned your day,eaten breakfast,visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday,are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us,this isnt really an issue.Its estimated that some 50%of the population isnt really morning or eveningoriented,but somewhere in the middle.Roughly one in four of us,though,tend more toward brighteyed early risers,and another one in four are night owls.For them,the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more selfdirected and agreeable.And compared to night owls,they plan for the future more and have a better sense of wellbeing.Although morning types may achieve more academically,night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory,processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability,even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning.Nighttime people are also more open and more creative.And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning typesand a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Dont set your alarm for 5 am Just yet.As it turns out,overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect If people are left to their naturally preferred time,they feel much better.They say that they are much more productive.The mental capacity they have is much broader,says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff.On the other hand,she says,pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early,for example,night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）.Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode.That can have lots of negative physiological consequence.Wulff says,like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.4.What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A.raising the problemanalyzing the problem solving the problem B.leading in the topicchallenging a viewpoint discussing about the topic C.presenting a viewpoint providing supporting proofsmaking a conclusion D.introducing a viewpoint raising the questionpresenting authors viewpoint 5.What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A.Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B.To beat nighttime people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C.Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D.Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.6.Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A.Dont fall sleep in front of the TV.B.Avoid being regularly late for work.C.Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D.Better not overhaul your sleep time.7.Why does the author write this article？A.To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C.To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D.To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.C One day when I was 5,my mother criticized me for not finishing my rice and I got angry.I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my old rice.In my angry motion to open the screen door(纱门)with my foot,I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left hand corner of the new screen door.But I had no regret,for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.Today,I know if my child had done what I did,I would have criticized my child,and told him about how expensive this new screen door was,and I would have delivered a spanking(打屁股)for it.But my parents never said a word.They left the corner of the screen door pushed out,creating an opening,a crack in the defense against unwanted insects.For years,every time I saw that corner of the screen,it would remind me of my mistake from time to time.For years,I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it.For years,every time I saw a fly buzzing in the kitchen,I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot.I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing,silently blaming me every time a flying insectentered our home,making life more terrible for us all.My parents taught me a valuable lesson,one that a spanking or stern(严厉的)words perhaps could not deliver.Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me.Aboveall,it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.8.When the author damaged the door,his parents _.A.scolded him for what he had done B.left the door unrepaired C.told him how expensive it was D.gave him a spanking 9.How did the author feel every time he saw the damaged door?A.He felt ashamed of his uncontrolled anger at that time.B.He found that his family members no longer liked him.C.He found it destroyed the happy atmosphere at his home.D.He felt he had to work hard to make up for(弥补)the damage.10.The experience may cause the author _.A.to hide his anger away from others B.not to go against his parents will C.to have a better control of himself D.not to make mistakes in the future 11.What of the following is the main idea of this passage?A.Adults should ignore their childrens bad behavior.B.Parents shouldnt educate their children.C.What is the best way to become a more patient person?D.Silent punishment may have a better effect on educating people.D Kenyan mother Beth Mwende heard her sleeping child cry out,but did not worry after the three-year-old quickly quietened down.The next morning,however,she found her daughter,Mercy,nearly unconscious with two bite marks in the neck.“I didnt know that it was a snake,”Mwende said.Although snakebites are common in her hometown,antivenom medication is difficult to get.Mwende lives about 160 kilometers east of Nairobi,Kenyas capital.So she took her daughter to a traditional healer.He placed stones over the bites.Mercy died within hours.She was one of about 700 Kenyans killed by snakebites each year,notes a report in the scientific publicationToxicon.The Kenya Snakebite Research and Intervention Center(KSRIC)is working to change that.The KSRIC hopes to have East Africas first antivenom medication on the market within five years.It estimates the cost will be about 30 percent of an imported product,which often sells for about US$30.More than 70,000 people are bitten in East Africa each year.Climate change and deforestation are worsening the problem as snakes get pushed out of natural surroundings into populated areas.Nearly 100 snakes live at the research center in a forest near Nairobi.Researchers take venom from snakes and study it before injecting small amounts into other animals,such as sheep.The animals then create antibodies that can be made into antivenom.“Up to now,no one has made any kind of antivenom in Kenya,said Geoffrey Maranga Kepha,a senior snake handler.Two effective antivenoms are available in Kenya,from India and Mexico,the center says.The center is teaching communities that using antivenom immediately after receiving a snakebite can save lives,said head researcher George Adinoh.“After seeing how people died in Kenya from snakebites I decided to devote my life to coming up with a rescue measure that will help or prevent people from dying from snakebites,”snake handler Kepha added.12.How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A.By telling a story.B.By listing figures.C.By referririg to documents.D.By making a comparison.13.Why did Mwende take her daughter to a traditional healer?A.She couldnt afford any modern treatment.B.She lived where antivenom medication is not available.C.The traditional way is very effective to treat snakebites.D.She believed a traditional healer could cure her daughter.14.What is causing more snakebites to happen in East Africa?A.Lack of antivenom medication.B.Environmental damage and climate change.C.Peoples low awareness of the danger of snakes.D.Peoples pursuit of traditional cures for snakebites.15.What do we know about antivenom in Kenya from the text?A.Itis taken from antibodies of sheep.B.There is only one effective antivenom available.C.KSRIC is trying to develop a local antivenom now.D.People refuse to use antivenom after being bitten by snakes.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 When germs,such as bacteria or viruses,invade the body,they attack and multiply.36 The immune system uses several tools to fight infection（感染）.Blood contains red blood cells,for carrying oxygen to tissues and organs,and white or immune cells,for fighting infection.These white cells consist primarily of macrophages（巨噬细胞）,B cells and T cells.Macrophages swallow up and digest germs,plus dead and dying cells.They leave behind parts of the invading germs called antigens（抗原）.37 B cells are defensive white blood cells which produce antibodies.T cells are also defensive white blood cells.They attack cells in the body that have already been infected.The first time the body comes across a germ,it can take several days to make and use all the germ fighting tools needed to get over the infection.After the infection,the immune system remembers what is learned about how to protect the body against that disease.38 They help develop immunity by imitating an infection.This type of infection,however,almost never causes illness,but it does cause the immune system to produce T cells and antibodies.Sometimes,after getting a vaccine（疫苗）,the imitation infection can cause minor symptoms.For instance,a fever.39 Once the imitation infection goes away,the body is left with a supply of defensive cells that will remember how to find that disease in the future.40 Therefore,itis possible that a person infected with the disease just before or just after vaccination could develop symptoms and get a disease,because the vaccine has not had enough time to provide protection.A.Vaccines basically work the same way.B.This invasion,called an infection,is what causes illness.C.Vaccines prevent diseases that can be dangerous,or even deadly D.Scientists take many different approaches to developing vaccines.E.The body identifies them as dangers and excites antibodies to attack them.F.Such minor symptoms are normal and should be expected as the body builds immunity.G.However,it typically takes a few weeks for the body to produce those defensive cells after vaccination.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 James Cook and his wife Samantha Jones started their beekeeping work eight years ago and have gained much experience.They are_21_at solving the problems their bees face,which_22_harmful insect-killing farm chemicals.The year 2020 was their year to_23_their own business after working several_24_for other beekeepers,when they were in Californias farms.The farm was always full of white flowers that could_25_into nuts or fruits in the fall.It was_26_because the many beekeepers travelled with their bees to pollinate(授粉)the crops in the summer.Then the coronavirus health crisis hit.Cook and Jones became_27_.Did they stay or did they go?They were stuck in_28_.Actually by that time,they had planned to_29_their hives(蜂巢)to a valley friendly to beesso as to let the bees_30_their contact with farm chemicals.They know agricultural workers are of importance and honey also can be_31_on normal condition for a long time.So after struggles,they_32_to stay and set out to create their_33_Bird and the Bees Honey.Now,Cook and Jones and their small crew are working day and night in order that they can build their honey_34_.They are_35_tired and in debt because they took a_36_to get the business up and running.But they were also hopeful.Cook,who is 35,said starting a business in the_37_times will he hard.However,they think it_38_to do it and the_39_is teaching them a lesson to look for the_40_and appreciate the beauty that you can find.21.A.confused B.amazed C.sad D.expert 22.A.gather B.avoid C.involve D.focus 23.A.get down to B.get rid of C.give up D.put off 24.A.months B.years C.days D.minutes 25.A.get B.put C.break D.change 26.A.possible B.necessary C.important D.rare 27.A.inspired B.impressed C.concerned D.occupied 28.A.trap B.difficulty C.exam D.mood 29.A.donate B.contribute C.hand D.take 30.A.suffer from B.bring about C.recover from D.get into 31.A.made B.stored C.harvested D.picked 32.A.pretended B.decided C.happened D.promised 33.A.brand B.fame C.solution D.product 34