2021届乳山市育黎镇高级中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案.pdf

2021 届乳山市育黎镇高级中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A If you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记)that will educate you,comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day,read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane Austen A classic thatnever gets old.Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century,this tale centers around the Bennet family,a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match.Austens story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame,and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science:50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science:50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel Ignotofsky It is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology,science,engineering and mathematics,from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena Favilli It tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day.With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet,this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle Obama We wouldnt be able to write this list without including Michelle Obamas memoir.“Becoming”has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood,family,motherhood,her own FLOTUS impact,the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now.And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1.What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C.To help their daughters marry for true love.D.To make their daughters financially independent.2.Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A.Jane Austens.B.Rachel Ignotofskys.C.Elena Favillis.D.Michelle Obamas.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D.They are all about heroes.B I was at the hardware store the other day and overheard a woman tell Ed.,the manager,that fall was her favorite time of year.Ed.,because he liked to keep his customers happy,agreed that fall was a wonderful season,but I could tell he was lying.I was going through my mind recently,trying to find sweet memories of fall.I failed.I met my wife in the summer and married her two summers later.My sons were born in the winter and summer,my granddaughter in the winter.Ive been fried twice in my life,both in fall.One October,a truck carrying tofu ran a red light and hit me,destroying my favorite car,combining the three things I most hate-trucks,tofu and October.Im not saying fall is without its attractions.The leavesare beautiful.But falls vacillation(立场摇摆)is troubling,its effort(努力)to please everyone,its continuous search for the middle ground to be all things to all people.Say what you will about summer and winter,at least they have the courage to keep their opinions strong,even if they kill us with extreme heat or cold.I recently read a story of a man coming out of a three-month coma(昏迷).It started in early fall and ended just as winter came.I hope if I were ever in a coma I would be just as lucky as the man.Upon my awakening,one of my families who stood around my bed would ask.Dont you remember anything from the past three months?Not the first thing,I would happily report.If I ever have enough money.Im going to buy a second home inAustralia,so that when fall starts here,I can move there for three months,just when spring is starting.4.What did Ed think of the customers words according to the author?A.Ed understood them and supported the customer completely.B.Ed might hold a different opinion on the topic.C.Ed believed the customer wasnt telling the truth.D.Ed thought they stood for most peoples opinion.5.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.The author has a big and loving family.B.The author is having a hard time at work.C.It is important to follow the rules of the road.D.Nothing good has happened to the author in fall.6.Why does the author say the man in Paragraph 4 was lucky?A.Because he slept fall away.B.Because he ho sweet memories of fall.C.Because hedreamed of fill many times.D.Because he was met by his family when waking up.7.Which of the following does the author most want to do?A.Drivetracks.B.Eat tofu dishes.C.Watch leaves falling in fall.D.Move toAustraliain October.C A company called Neuralink has shared a video which appears to show a monkey playing a video game,but what makes the video even stranger is that themonkey is playing the video game with just its mind.Neuralink is a company owned by Elon Musk,which is working to develop devices that could allow people to control things using just their brains.The monkey in the video is called Pager,having special Link devices inside his brain.These devices are connected to 2,048 wires which lead to the parts of Pagers brain that control movements of the arms and hands.Scientists taught Pager to play a video game using a banana juice as a reward when he playedthe game correctly.Soon Pager was eager to play well in order to get more smoothie.At first,Pager controlled the video game using a joystick(操纵杆).But as Pager played,his Link devices wirelessly sent out information about the signals his brain was using to control his arms and hands.Neuralinks scientists recorded all of these signals.Then they used computers to match up the signals from Pagers brain to the movements that his hands were actually doing.This was challenging work and the scientists counted on artificial intelligence(AI)to help them decode(解码)Pagers brain signals.The next step was to have a computer make moves in the video game as if Pager had actually moved the joystick.If Pager thought about moving the joystick up,the computer would send an upsignal to the video game.Thus Pager was able to play the video game using just his brain.When people are paralyzed(瘫痪的),its often because the brain has lost the ability to send signals to nerves and muscles in certain parts of the body.Neuralink hopes that one day,its system will be ableto send this information in a different way,allowing paralyzed people to use their arms or legs again.8.What does Neuralink aim to do?A.To make monkeys much smarter.B.To solve complex problems with monkeys.C.To create a device linking monkeys and people.D.To make people control things with their brains.9.How does the author introduce the process of the research?A.In order of time.B.By making a comparison.C.By giving examples.D.In order of space.10.What played an important role in the success of the research?A.The joystick.B.Artificial intelligence.C.The video game.D.The banana smoothie.11.Which is the most suitable title of the test?A.Neuralink Posts an Unusual Video B.Disabled People Have a Bright Future C.Monkey Plays Video Games with His Mind D.Neuralink,a Creative and Competitive Company D Ever wondered if dogs can learn new words?Yes,say researchers as they have found that talented dogs may have the ability to grasp new words after hearing them only four times.While previous evidence seems to show that most dogs do not learn words,unless eventually very well trained,a few individuals have shown some extraordinary abilities,according to a study published in the journal Scientific Reports.“We wanted to know under which conditions the gifted dogs may learn novel words”said researcher xuekw Claudia Fugazza from theEtvsLorndUniversityinHungary.For the study,the team involved two gifted dogs,Whisky and Vicky Nina.The team exposed the dogs to the new words in two different conditions.In the exclusion-based task,presented with seven known toys and one new toy,the dogs were able to select the new toy when presented with a new name.Researchers say this proves that dogs can choose by exclusion when faced with a new word,they selected the only toy which did not have a known name.However,this was not the way they would learn the name of the toy.In fact,when they were presented with one more equally new name to test their ability to recognize the toy by its name,the dogs got totally confused and failed.The other condition,the social one,where the dogs played with their owners who pronounced the name of the toy while playing with the dog,proved to be the successful way to learn the name of the toy,even after hearing it only 4 times.“The rapid learning that we observed seems to equal childrens ability to learn many new words at a fast rate around the age of 18 months,”Fugazza says.“But we do not know whether the learning mechanisms(机制)behind this learning are the same for humans and dogs.”To test whether most dogs would learn words this way,20 other dogs were tested in the same condition,but none of them showed any evidence of learning the toy names,confirming that the abilityto learn words rapidly in the absence of formal training is very rare and is only present in a few gifted dogs.12.What was the purpose of the study published in Scientific Reports?A.To better train dogs ability to learn new words.B.To further confirm previous evidence about dogs.C.To prove extraordinary memory abilities of gifted dogs.D.To explore favorable conditions for gifted dogs new-word learning.13.How did the dogs react when exposed to two new names in the first condition?A.Slow to understand.B.Quick to learn.C.At a loss.D.In a panic.14.What was found about dogs new-word learning in the social condition?A.Learning through playing applied to most dogs.B.The social condition helped dogs learn new words.CDogs new-word learning turned out to be less effective.D.Dogs shared similar learning mechanisms with children.15.Which of the following is the best title for the text?A.Gifted Dogs Can Learn New Words Rapidly.B.Dogs Identify Newly-named Toys by Exclusion.C.Dogs Can Acquire Vocabulary through Tons of Training.D.Gifted Dogs Have Similar Learning Abilities to Humans.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 People often want to simplify their lives.It is a lot of stress to have a complicated life,full of schedules,meetings,possessions,and so forth.Usually,a simpler life translates to less anxiety,stress and worry._16_Follow the step-by-step process below to bare down your lifestyle piece by piece.First,get rid of all the possessions you havent used in the last year.If you havent put a thing to use in one year,it is probably not worth keeping._17_Put anything you havent used in one year in that bag.Next,manage your social media and electronics usage.We usually spend more time on our devices than we imagine.These days,people can spend the majority of their days on social media and electronic devices.These all-in-one devices are great tools._18_ On a deeper level,we can simplify our thinking.Most of our thinking is not necessary._19_If you do not want to go that far,try to ignore the thoughts that are not related to the present.A continuous stream of thoughts is not necessary.Sure,some planning should be done for the future,but there is no need to overthink._20_We can get rid of possessions that are non-essential,manage our social media and electronics usage,and also clean up our thinking so that we are more in the present and do not engage in unnecessary worry,or anxiety.All these things take energy and time,of which we have only have a limited amount.A.No thought is important.B.Get rid of electronic devices C.So,how do we simplify our lives?D.Is planning our thoughts effort-making?E.Simplifying our lives is a complex task.F.But they should not become the main focus of our life.G.Get a big garbage bag and walk around your living space.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I remember the first day when I saw Sally playing basketball.I watched in wonder as she struggled her way through the crowed of boys on the playground.She seemed so _21_but she managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net.The boys always tried to stop her_22_nobody could.I began to notice Sally at other times,basketball in hand,playing_23_.She practiced dribbling(运球)and_24_over and over.One day I asked Sally why she_25_so much.Without a moment of hesitation she said,“I want to go to college.The only way I can go is to get a_26_.Im going to play college basketball and I want to be the best one.I believe if I am_27_enough,I will get one.My father has told me that if the dream is big enough,the facts dont_28_.”I_29_her through those junior high years and into high school.Every week,she led her team to_30_.One day in her senior year,I saw her sitting on the grass,her head _31_in her arms.Slowly and quietly,I walk_32_and sat down beside her.“Whats wrong?”I asked.“Oh,nothing,”came a soft reply,“I am just too short.”The_33_told her that at 165 cm she would probably never play for a top team-still less she would be_34_a scholarship-so she should stop dreaming about college.I felt she was extremely_35_.I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet.She told me that her father said those coaches were_36_.They didnt understand the_37_of a dream.The next year,Sally was seen by a college basketball coach after a big game.She was_38_offered a scholarship and_39_to the college education that she had_40_and worked toward for all those years.Its true:if the dream is big enough,the facts dont count.21.A.small B.upset C.strong D.determined 22.A.as B.and C.but D.for 23.A.well B.still C.again D.alone 24.A.running B.passing C.shooting D.struggling 25.A.studied B.expected C.improved D.practiced 26.A.title B.prize C.reward D.scholarship 27.A.good B.brave C.active D.careful 28.A.lack B.block C.count D.appear 29.A.guided B.watched C.preferred D.encouraged 30.A.faith B.peace C.victory D.profession 31.A.sunk B.buried C.covered D.dropped 32.A.up B.away C.back D.around 33.A.coach B.judge C.teacher D.captain 34.A.sent B.offered C.promised D.suggested 35.A.excited B.worried C.disappointed D.frightened 36.A.cruel B.strict C.unfair D.wrong 37.A.cause B.power C.value D.pressure 38.A.really B.entirely C.gradually D.naturally 39.A.voted B.admitted C.appointed D.introduced 40.A.joined in B.gone through C.benefited from D.dreamed about 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Chinese scientists have created the worlds first light-based quantum(量子)computer,called Jiuzhang,which can_41._(reliable)show“quantum computational advantage”.It can solve a problem much more quickly than any classical supercomputer,according to a study_42._(publish)in the journal Science on Friday.It is the second time that humanity_43._(reach)this milestone(里程碑).However,Jiuzh