2021年荣成市第十二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析.pdf

2021 年荣成市第十二中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A China has 410K5Gbase stations China built 257,000 new 5G base stations in the first half of the year,according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(MIIT).Shipments of 5G phones reached 8623 million unis in China,with 5G package users hitting 66 million by the end of June,said Wen Ku,head of information and communication at the ministry.To give full play to the commercialization of 5G,more policies should be implemented to boost the vitality of the market,Wen said,adding that international cooperation in 5G technology,industry and application should be strengthened.AG600 seaplanes test flight Kunlong,Chinas homegrown AG600 large amphibious aircraft,conducted its first sea-based test flight on Sunday morning,marking a new milestone in the program.The AG600 is Chinas second amphibious aircraft,after the SH-5,which was developed in the 1970s for military purposes and has been retired for a long time.These specifications make it the worlds biggest amphibious aircraft,surpassing Japans ShinMaywa US-2 and Russias Beriev Be-200.Once in service,it will put an end to the absence of a large rescue aircraft in China and will be very useful in the national emergency rescue and disaster relief systems.Beidou products land abroad According to Ran Chengqi,director general of China Satellite Navigation Office,Beidou has been constantly deepening its compatibility,interoperability and cooperation with the US GPS,Russias GLONASS and the EUs Galileo.It has also entered international organizations of civil aviation,maritime affairs,search and rescue satellites and mobile communication.BDS-based services have been successfully applied in land mapping,precision farming,digital development and smart port construction in member countries of ASEAN,South Asia,Eastern Europe,West Asia and Africa.1.What can we learn from this passage?A.The total number of 5G phones has reached a new level.B.Kunlong,unlike SH-5,is not just for military purposes.C.Technologies mentioned above need more cooperation with others.D.BDS-based services have been provided for users in many countries.2.Which of the following is most probably related to agriculture?A.5G phones B.BDS-based services C.AG600 seaplane D.Beriev Be-200 3.If your friend did a course in marketing management,he may choose a job in a _.A.5G technology related market B.large amphibious aircraft C.BDS-based project D.China Satellite Navigation Office B Where doyou usually put your toothbrush?Do you keep it in the bathroom?Hows your toothbrush looking these days?Even if you cant see it with a naked eye,experts say it may be saturated(使饱和)with millions of toilet germs!Dr.Charles Oerba,a germ expert,is amicrobiology professor at the University of Arizona.He says there are approximately 3 million bacteria per square inch in most toilet bowls,and every time you flush it without closing the lid,those millions of bacteria droplets spray into the air as far as twenty feet away and dirty everything in their path.And a common victim is your poor toothbrush,usually,left out on the bathroom sink,right?So,what do we do?Dr.Gerba says its easy.Close the toilet lid before you flushthatll greatly cut downthe germs,which will otherwise float in the air.And wash your toothbrush every few days in mouthwash or peroxide to get rid of any germs hiding in it.You can even put it through the dishwasher to sanitize(消毒)it.And always store your toothbrush in a closed cabinet.Heres one more tip from Dr.Gerba,who says our kitchen sink is probably dirtier than our toilet.“If an alien came from space and studied the bacterial counts,he probably would conclude he should wash his hands in your toilet and go to the bathroom in your sink.”He says thats because the kitchen sink is a great place where E.coli(大肠杆菌)to live and grow since its wet and damp.Bacteria feed on the food that people put down the drain orthats left on dishes in the sink.To reset your sinks bacteria count back to zero,youd better regularly wash it with hot water and sanitize yoursink with special chemicals.In fact,you may want to do it every day or before preparing dinner.4.What is the purpose of the text?A.To show how to brush your teeth.B.To tell people the importance of health.C.To warn people of the invisible germs.D.To introduce a microbiology professor.5.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.Bathroom sinks are the dirtiest places.B.Bacteria are bad for peoples health.C.Why bacteria spread through the air.D.How bacteria spread in the bathroom.6.What does the underlined word“that”in Paragraph 4 refer to?A.The food.B.The toothbrush.C.The sink.D.The chemical.7.Why does Dr.Gerba mention the example of an alien?A.To tell us a fiction story of an alien studying bacteria.B.To show our kitchen sink may be dirtier than our toilet.C.To teach us how to reset sinks bacteria count back to zero.D.To prove coli prefers to live in the kitchen and the drain.C A new study has discovered that meditation(冥想)and oxygen sport together reduce depression.The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination,done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,”said lead author Dr.Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression.Alderman and Dr.Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training(MAP)enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing,enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors,who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampuspart of the brain involved in memory and learningsays scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention(干预)came fromher laboratory studies,she says,with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise,people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past,Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”8.What made the research so different?A.Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B.Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C.Treating depression with special medicine.D.Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.9.The underlined word“combating”in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by _.A.fighting B.identifying C.distinguishing D.examining 10.What did the participants do in the research?A.They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B.They thought quietly and then took exercise.C.They took exercise longer than they thought.D.They took exercise while thinking quietly.11.What is Shors main purpose of her studies?A.To find out certain brain cells of humans.B.To study the production of new brain cells.C.To offer people a new method to treat stress.D.To decide the links between stress and exercise.D At first glance,there is nothing unusual about BingoBoxs convenience storeshelves packed with snacks line the walls,attracting passers-by through the glass windows.But upon closer look,BingoBox is no ordinary store.The door unlocks only after customers scan(扫描)aQR code to enter,and there is no cashier just a lone checkout counter(柜台)in a corner.The Shanghai-based company is one of many unmanned store operators(运营者)opening outlets all over China,hoping to improve slim profit by reducing staff costs.“Ifstaff costs rise quickly,that puts greater pressure on low-profit businesses like convenience stores and supermarkets,”said Andrew Song,an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities.“InChina,manpower costs have been rising ly quickly.”However,the future vision of shopping without a check-out person is still a work in progress.A Post reporter who visited a BingoBox store inShanghaiwas briefly locked in when trying to exit without buying anything.Although a sign near the exit stated that empty-handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code,no QR code was to be found.Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the worlds attention in December last year.Equipped with technology such as RFID tags,mobile payment systems and facial and movement recognition,such stores collect large amounts of data that give operators a better idea of consumer preferences and buying habits,which can then be used to optimize(使最优化)operations and make more efficient inventory decisions.For companies like BingoBox,lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic or fewer people,according to its founder and chief executive ChenZilin.12.What makes BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A.No cashier to check out.B.A lone checkout counter.C.Shelves packed with goods.D.Entering by scanning a QR code.13.Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A.The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B.The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C.The employees focus on consumer preferences and buying habits.D.The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.14.Why is the reporters case mentioned in the passage?A.To show his anger and dissatisfaction.B.To warn people not to go to a BingoBox store.C.To explain unmanned stores still have a long way to go.D.To complain that QR code service is not convenient at all.15.What can we infer from the chief executive Chen Zilin?A.Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B.The operators collect data about consumer preferences and buying habits.C.BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in those unmanned stores.D.The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more distant places with low cost.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day,littering(乱丢废物）is often taken lightly.But its more severe than we may think._16_This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that if s part of a fruitright?Actually,no.A banana peel(皮）can take up to two years to decompose(分解)，and with a third of drivers admitting to littering while driving,thats a whole lot of banana peels,or much worse.An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana.But tin and aluminium(铝）cans last up to 100 years._17_ Its true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer._18_For example,despite its fairly short decomposing term,more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded(丢弃）in the UK every day.Besides，our annual littering,which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s,has caused the UK*s rat population to increase by 60 million.Its not a cheap habit either:_19_So,ifs not surprising that if caught littering you could face a 20,000 fine or even jail time and,if you throw away something dangerous,the court could give you five years to serve.The punishments might seem severe._20_So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules.To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not littering.We need to truly care more about the world around us.A.Banana peels are among the most frequent littered stuff.B.But fear of the environmental impact of litter is on the rise.C.Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.D.UKtaxpayers pay 500 million in order to keep our streets clean.E.And plastic bottles last forever,as do glass bottles and plastic bags.F.However,among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.G.But we cant simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 I was working on a novel based on the lives of chimpanzees(黑猩猩).To_21_them,I read every book written by Dr.Jane Goodall.One day,while visiting the website about chimpanzees,I_22_the chance to complete a six month internship(实习)with the Jane Goodall Institute(JGI)in Tanzania._23_having a full time job,I knew I had to go.I was offered an unpaid internship after_24_.But then my logical mind jumped in,“You cant_25_.What are you going to do with your house and your life?”The_26_were continuous,so I hesitated.I wanted answers to my questions about why this trip_27_so much to me,why I had so much_28_and what would happen if I let go of my_29_version of life.I did have answers in my heart that helped me walk through my fear and take on a new_30_.So after several weeks struggle,I_31_made my decision.I drove to my company headquarters and_32_.Soon I boarded a plane toTanzania.On the trip,my heart pounded with_33_ unsure of what Id find at my_34_.During my six-month internship,I slowly_35_my soul.I met wonderful friends and completed several community projects for JGI.I also visited Gombe which is home to chimpanzees and the_36_staff there who offered to take us for chimpanzee tracking.So much happened during my stay and all of it_37_the most wonderful unfolding of life lessons.Ill always carry the lessons and the light of those_38_in my heart.I experienced immeasurable_39_in learning how to listen to the desires of my soul and how to defeat fear,and being_40_to something new.21.A.understand B.accept C.comfort D.accompany 22.A.gave up B.came across C.put forward D.broke down 23.A.By comparison with B.Instead of C.In addition to D.Regardless of 24.A.struggling B.promising C.applying D.begging 25.A.leave B.escape C.refuse D.hesitate 26.A.predictions B.answers C.comments D.whispers 27.A.introduced B.lent C.meant D.explained 28.A.regret B.fear C.disappointment D.shyness 29.A.unique B.uncertain C.important D.present 30.A.scene B.debate C.adventure D.habit 31.A.eventually B.instantly C.suddenly D.randomly 32.A.apologized B.resigned C.applauded D.swore 33.A.curiosity B.relief C.shame D.nervousness 34.A.destination B.heart C.home D.situation 35.A.recognized B.evaluated C.fille