2021届乐平市第三中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析.pdf

2021 届乐平市第三中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 A In theUnited States,the word holiday is synonymous with celebration.The following tenholidaysper year are proclaimed by the federal government.Independence Day Independence Day is annually celebrated on July 4 and is often known as the Fourthof July”.It is the anniversary of the publication of the declaration of independence fromGreat Britainin 1776.Now it is celebrated in all the states.The army marks the occasion by firing a 13-gun salute every year.Ceremonies may include parades,official speeches,visits to historic monuments and fireworks displays.Memorial Day This holiday,on the fourth Monday of every May,is a day on which Americans honor the dead.Originally a day on which flags and flowers were placed on graves of soldiers who died in the American Civil War,now it has become a day on which the dead of all wars and all other dead are remembered the same way.Veterans Day Veterans Day was established to honor Americans who had served in World War I.It falls on November 11,the day when that war ended in 1918,but it now honors veterans of all wars in which the United States has fought Veterans organizations hold parades or other special ceremonies,and the US president customarily places a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National.Thanksgiving Thanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November.It has been an annual tradition in theUnited Statessince 1863.Today,people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days.The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner.Thanksgiving dinner almost always includes some of the foods served at the first feast:roast turkey,cranberry sauce potatoes pumpkin pies.Before the meal begins,families often pause to give thanks.1.When isIndependence Day?A.May 14，B.July 13.C.July 14.D.July 4.2.Which holiday honors dead soliders?A.Independence Day.B.Memorial Day.C.Veterans Day.D.Thanksgiving.3.What will Americans do on Thanksgiving Day?A.They say thanks.B.They havefriend gatherings.C.They go on holiday.D.They buy many cards.B Typhoons can be deadly in 2013,Typhoon Haiyan,the strongest ever recorded,was responsible for 6,340 deathsand cost billions in damages.Current forecast modelscan only predict these storms 10 days in advance,at most,and they cannot precisely predict how intense the storms will become.An international team of researchers has developed a model that analyzes nearly a quarter of Earths surface and atmosphere in order to better predict the conditions that birth typoons.“The target problem of this study is how to foretell the birth of typhoons,”said paper author Mingkui Li,associate professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography in the Ocean University of China and the Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(QNLM).“We specifically address three aspects:the beginning time,inner pressure and maximum wind speed.”The researchers also accounted for the influence of one variable(变量)on another,such as wind speed on sea surface temperature.This influence is well understood and accounted for in climate predictions and in weather forecasts,butithas not been fully applied in understanding how long-term climate affects day-to-day weather,according to Li.“We aimed to provide insights on the time scale that can be used to forecast typhoons in advance.”From their study,the researchers determined that a model with the ability to better understand the relationship between warm sea surface temperatures and weak wind movement conditions that favor typhoon formationcould improve typhoon predictability.“Our goal is to develop a 10 to 30-day prediction system that will lead to seamless(无缝的)weather-climate predictions.”Shaoqing Zhang,paper author and professor in the Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography,said.4.What is the problem with the present forecast system?A.It cannot foretell storms in advance.B.It is ineffective in accuracy and timeliness.C.It costs too much and causes great damages.D.It can hardly predict the intensity of typhoons.5.What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 4 refer to?A.The variable.B.The climate C.The temperature.D.The influence.6.What is the purpose of the study?A.To advance the prediction system.B.To figure out the three main aspects.C.To know how climate affects daily weather.D.To understand the influence of the variables.7.Where is this text most likely from?A.Awork diary.B.A travel guidebook.C.A science magazine.D.A fantasy fiction.C Chancellor of the Exchequer George Osborne said yesterday he would use the autumn spending review to increase Britains12bn-a-year aid budget towards humanitarian(人道主义的)causes in the wake of the European refugee(难民)crisis.Britainpromised to spend 0.7 percent of state general product on aid,meaning the budget could rise sharply by the end of the decade as the economy grows.Mr Osborne also said more of the aid budget could be given to help local government with housing costs for incomers,without breaking international guidelines.“We will use the foreign aid budget to help with the costs of these refugees.People ask about the pressure on public services;well have extra money to help with that.”The government was unable to give a figure for how much aid money could be handed to local authorities:it would depend on how many refugees are accepted.David Cameron,Prime Minister,will set out his position on aid for refugees today.It is reported thatBritainwill accept at least 10,000 extra people from camps on theSyriaborder.He will use a statement in the House of Commons to flesh out plans announced inMadridon Friday to take more people.A report inThe Sunday Timesthat the UK would take 15,000 Syrians,not far from the 18,000 figure demanded by the EU,was described by“Downing Street”as a“guess”.TheUKwill offer to resettle Syrians directly from refugee camps inJordan,LebanonandTurkey but not those who have already reached the EU.8.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Britain tried to help refugees.B.People doubtBritains kindness.C.Britain tried to explain its behavior.D.Refugees like to live inBritain.9.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?A.Britains economy grows rapidly.B.Britain will use little of its money to help refugees.C.Most countries are not willing to help refugees.D.Britainwill use more money to help refugees.10.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Britain will use foreign money to help refugees.B.Britain helps refugees following international guidelines.C.Britain will use foreign money to develop themselves.D.People ask to use public service money to help refugees.11.What can we know from the passage?A.Britain can hold 10,000 refugees at most.B.The number of refugees to be received is uncertain.C.House of Commons declare a general plan.D.Britaincan hold 15,000 refugees at most.D Scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(麻省理工学院)have turned spider webs into musiccreating an strange soundtrack that could help them better understand how the spiders output their complex creations and even how they communicate.The MIT team worked with Berlin-based artist Tomas Saraceno to take 2D(two-dimensional)laser(激光)scans of a spider web,which were linked together and made into a mathematical model that could recreate the web in 3Din VR(virtual reality).They also worked with MITs music department to create the virtual instrument.“Even though the web looks really random(随机)，there actually are a lot of inside structures and you can visualize(可视化)them and you can look at them,but its really hard to grasp for the human imagination or human brain to understand all these structural details,”said MIT engineering professor Markus Buehler,who presented the work on Monday at a virtual meeting of the American Chemical Society.Listening to the music while moving through the VR spider web lets you see and hear these structural changes and gives a better idea of how spiders see the world,he told CNN.“Spiders use vibrations(振动)as a way to locate themselves,to communicate with other spiders and so the idea of thinking really like a spider would experience the world was something that was very important to us as spider material scientists,”Buehler said.Spiders are able to build their webs without shelves or supports,so having a better idea of how they work could lead to the development of advanced new 3D printing techniques.“The reason why I did that is I wanted to be able to get information really from the spider world,which is very weird and mysterious,”Buehler explained.In addition to the scientific value,Buehler said the webs are musically interesting and that you can hear the sounds the spider creates during construction.“Its unusual and eerie and scary,but finally beautiful.”he described.12.What have MIT scientists done according to the passage?A.They have translated spider webs into sounds.B.They have made a mathematical model to produce webs.C.They have created a soundtrack to catch spiders.D.They have known how spiders communicate.13.What can we know about spider webs from paragraph 3?A.Their structures are beautiful and clear.B.Professor Markus Buehler knows them well.C.The American Chemical Society presents the result.D.They are complex for people to figure it out.14.In which field will the study be helpful?A.virtual reality B.printing C.painting D.film-making 15.What is the main idea of the passage?A.It tells us that the music created by spiders is scary.B.It shows how the researchers carry out the experiment.C.It presents a new and creative way to study spiders.D.It explains why scientists did the experiment.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 Four smart ways to help build your childrens vocabulary“Johnny next door can name his color1 s,but Gloria can hardly even say her own name.What am I doing wrong?”_16_But the good news is that children really are born to absorb the language around them.The following are some ways to help build your childs vocabulary.Never use baby talk Young children understand so much more than they can initially repeat._17_Of course you are not going to start speaking to a baby in difficult English,but its important to speak to them the way that youd speak to anybody else.Even if your child cant or doesnt use the same vocabulary when he talks,it is helping his language development.Follow your childs lead _18_Trying to turn her attention away from the clown(小丑)so that you can point out the word for“elephant”,is not only frustrating,butalso its probably not doing much good.Instead of driving the conversation,youll be more successful in making words“stick”,if you look at what your child is paying attention to.Encourage any kind of reading.Even young kids who havent yet learned to read will memorize books that theyve often heard.So go ahead and have your child“fill in”words as youre reading together._19_For older children who are already readers,its important to let them choose their own reading material._20_ At two years of age,some kids may only use about 30 words while others may be able to use 300 words.But theres very little evidence that those children with 30 words at age two will have worse outcomes by the time they are five or six years of age.A.So dont talk down to them.B.Correct pronunciation gently.C.Dont panic if your child is slow to talk.D.It will help with their vocabulary development.E.That sort of comparison can lead to a lot of parental anxiety.F.Lets say youre taking a trip tothe circus with your young daughter.G.The best thing that parents can do is really just talk to their children all the time.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 When struggling to reach a goal,dont let limitations define you.Use them as_21_to push beyond your comfort zone.That way youll find creative_22_and better understand your inner strengths.And its inner strengths that define how youll deal with_23_in life.At the age of 20,Bryan joined the army,One day,he was behind the wheel when a roadside bomb_24_.As a result,Bryan lost his left hand and both legs.Several days later,Bryan_25_up at a medical center with his mother by his side.It was in that_26_ that his mother said the words that defined the_27_for the rest of his life.She said,“You know you have _28_two choices here,right?”He_29_,“Move on,or roll over and die.”She said,“And youre going to.”To which he replied,“Move on.”Bryan noticed that the patients who were making_30_were the ones who accepted their_31_and worked hard to move forward.From the start,Bryan_32_himself.He refused to let his injury_33_him from living his life.The process of learning to use his prostheses(假肢)was a_34_and difficult journey,but his mother and friends were there to_35_him.Today,Bryan lives a_36_life and is a motivational speaker.In his free time,he loves to snowboard,skateboard and enjoy time on his motorcycle.Bryans story is a powerful_37_that we too can overcome our limitations,We mustnt let them stop us from moving forward but push ourselves to rise above and_38_varieties of possibilities.We all have our_39_,but if you believe you can_40_them,you will.21.A.behaviors B.occasions C.risks D.opportunities 22.A.explanation B.solutions C.movements D.budget 23.A.differences B.resources C.difficulties D.dreams 24.A.flew away B.jumped out C.turned over D.went off 25.A.grew B.woke C.got D.stayed 26.A.hospital B.army C.battlefield D.playground 27.A.origin B.source C.course D.spot 28.A.basically B.slightly C.briefly D.gradually 29.A.repeated B.recalled C.responded D.reflected 30.A.progress B.sense C.decisions D.discoveries 31.A.donations B.injuries C.stresses D.worries 32.A.dragged B.cheated C.enjoyed D.pushed 33.A.prevent B.save C.excuse D.separate 34.A.outward B.long C.dangerous D.direct 35.A.spoil B.persuade C.force D.encourage 36.A.responsible B.reasonable C.rewarding D.demanding 37.A.comfort B.memory C.reminder D.warning 38.A.experience B.absorb C.suspect D.expect 39.A.directions B.limitations C.examples D.goals 40.A.understand B.replace C.realize D.overcome 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 _41._(get)young people to take part in activities to save their national heritage is a good way to introduce them to their countrys history._42._they learn about where they come from,they will_43._(hopeful)be proud to tell others about their country and culture.Of course,teachers must keep a balance between teaching the good and bad parts of a countrys history.Learning only the good parts can lead_44._narrow thinking.Learning the bad parts may help stop those kinds of things from_45._(happen)again.Students_46._know their history and culture are more likely to make sure that their cultural heritage_47._(preserve)well.Besides,teachers can motivate students by asking them to come up with_48._(they)own ideas.One possible idea is for students to raise money to an organization or gro