高中英语简单句五种基本句型详解上课用.ppt

英语简单句的五种基本句型英语简单句的五种基本句型基本句型一：S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,fall,happen,rise等In2003,thefirstbookcameoutin2003Wedidntgotothecinemayesterday.Lastweek,IwenttoGuilinformyholiday.1.Iboughtaverygoodbookyesterday.2.Hedecidedtobuyacomputer3.Ifinishedreadingthebook.4.Shedidntknowhowtowriteacomposition.5.Weknowthattheyenjoyedthemselvesverymuchlastnight.2.S+V+O主谓宾1)S+V+n./pron.2)S+V+to do3)S+V+V-ing 4)S+V+疑问词+to do5)S+V+宾语从句S+V+to do 经常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：经常跟不定式作宾语的动词有：attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,fail,forget,hope,intend,learn,manage,need,offer,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,remember,try,want,wish,etc.S+V+V-ing常接V-ing作宾语的动词有：admit,advise,avoid,allow,consider(考虑),deny,fancy,enjoy,finish,forbid,imagine,like,mind,permit,practice,risk,suggest,cant help,devoteto,give up,look forward to接不定式不定式和和V-ing作宾语均可的动词：remember,forget,try,regret,mean,stop,go on,cant help 1.Thedoctortriedtocurethewomanofherillness,sohetriedtreatingherwithanewmedicine.2.Whentheteachersaidangrily,“Stoptalking,children”,thepupilsstoppedtowritetheircompositions.3.Iregrettedtotellhimthathehadbeendismissed.Tomysurprise,hesaidtome,“Iamnotsad,Ionlyregrethavingtakenthewrongjob.”4.Remembertoreturnthebattome.ButIrememberhavingreturnedittoyou.3.S+V+P主系表用于这一句型的系动词大概可归纳为：be动词：is,am,are,was,were感官类：feel,look,smell,sound,taste变化类：become,get,go,grow,turn延续类：keep,remain,stay其它：fall,lie,run,prove,seem,appear1）Thestorysoundsinteresting.2）Sheturnspsychologist.3）Mybooksareonthedesk.4）Thefoodseemstobenice.5)Whathesaidprovesright.4.S+V+O（人）（人）+O（事物）（事物）主谓主谓+双宾语（间宾双宾语（间宾+直宾）直宾）常跟双宾语的动词（当作直接宾语放在间接宾语前时需借助介词to或for)：1)需借助to的:ask,bring,give,leave（留给）,lend,hand,offer,owe,pass,pay,promise,read,return（交还）,sell,send,show,teach,tell,write,etc.2)需借助for的:buy,cook,choose,do,draw,fetch（拿来，取来）,find,get（得到）,make（制造，做）,order,pay（为而付钱）sing,save,etc.1)请你把盐给我好吗？Couldyoupassmethesalt?=Couldyoupassthesalttome?2)王叔叔给农民们制造了很多机器。UncleWangmadethefarmersmanymachines.=UncleWangmademanymachinesforthefarmers.3)周楠借给我一些钱。ZhouNanlentmesomemoney.=ZhouNanlentsomemoneytome.4)妈妈给我买了一件新衣服Motherboughtmeanewdress.=Motherboughtanewdressforme.5)这件晚礼服花了她四十美元。Theeveningdresscostherfortydollars.6)那个女孩问我是否会修理自行车。(直接宾语为句子)ThegirlaskedmewhetherIcouldrepairthebike.7)他告诉我如何做椅子。(直接宾语为不定式)Hetoldmehowtomakeachair.5.S+V+O+C 主谓主谓+复合宾语复合宾语call,name,make,choose,think，elect,appoint常见的动词后跟名词作宾语补足语WecallhimTomforshortHemadeherhiswife.TheyelectedObamapresident.不定式作宾补(未发生)wantexpectadviseallowwishwouldlikepermitpersuadepromiserequireordersb.todo温馨提示:hopedemandagreesuggestrefuse无此搭配(表希望,要求,允许，建议，命令的词）常见的动词listento、hearsee、lookat、watch、notice、observemake、have、letsb.dois/am/arewas/werelistenedto、heardseen、lookedat、watched、noticed、observedmade、had、letsb.dotoLetmetryagainIoftenhearhersinginthenextroomSheisoftenheardtosinginthenextroom.表经常的动作或整个过程的完成动作省略to的不定式作宾补常见的动词现在分词-ing作宾补findhear、listento、lookat、see、watch、notice,have、get、leave、keep、set、catchsb.doing温馨提示make/let不能接-ing作宾补Dontmake/lethimstandingoutside常见的动词Hesawagirlgettingonthebus.findhear、listentolookat、see、watch、noticehave、get、makeleave、keep温馨提示：let不能接-ed作宾补过去分词作宾补sb./sth.done常见的动词表被动动作或 完成的动作HaveyouheardapopsongsunginJapanese?Itsdangeroustoleavethediseaseuntreated.Hecamebackonlytofindeverythingchanged.表“希望，要求”的动词：sth.+donewant,wish,expectwish,like,order(tobe)IwanttheworkfinishedbySunday.tobeJimorderedtheroom(tobe)cleaned.1.ItcouldbeveryinterestingtowatchanArabandanEnglishman_(talk)together.2.Icaughttwomen_(try)tobreakintomyoffice.3.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldntmakehimself_(hear).4.Althoughwemaynotrealizeit,whenwetalkwithothers,wemakeourselves_(understand)notjustbywords.talkingtryingheardunderstood5.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_(grow)upfromherchildhood.6.Thewaiterwasmade_(apologize)totheguest.7.Theywereoftenheard_(sing)inthenextroom.Heoftenheardthissong_inEnglish.8.-Doyouoftenhavesomeone_(wash)yourclothes?-Yes,Ioftenhavethem_.growtoapologizetosingsungwashwashed9.Shehadthemachine_(work)foranhour.10.-Idlovetogowithyou,butIhavearadio_(repair)-Whynothaveit_(repair)?11.Whoareyougoingtohave_(pull)outyourbadteeth?12.Whomwouldyouratherhave_(go)withyou,TomorJack?workingtorepairrepairedpullgoBe与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。如：现在有thereis/are过去有therewas/were将来有therewillbe；thereis/aregoingtobe.现在已经有therehas/havebeen可能有theremightbe.肯定有theremustbe/theremusthavebeen.过去曾经有thereusedtobe似乎有thereseems/seem/seemedtobe碰巧有therehappen/happens/happenedtobe