第4讲感叹句和祈使句-2022年高考英语语法复习难点之特殊句式巧学巧练（通用版）（学生版）.docx

“高考英语精品课程”特殊句式第四讲：感叹句和祈使句兴趣导入：高考英语感叹句和祈使句也是特殊句式中重点句式，也是难点句式。历年常考感叹句在宾语从句中运用。同时祈使句和非谓语动词考点易混淆。感叹句和祈使句也是写作句式中的高端句式。考点归纳：Parti感叹句感叹句通常用what和how引导，表示喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。同时，感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜 悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。考点1： what引导的感叹句what是感叹形容词，中心词必须是名词，名词前可以有冠词和形容词修饰，注意感叹句用陈述语序。具 体有三种类型：(DWhat +a (n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What a good heart you have!你的心肠真好！(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！What interesting stories he's told us!他给我们讲的故事真有趣!(3) What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What great fun we had today!【活学活用】.beautiful flower! I've never seen it before.1 .amazing pictures we took on the beach yesterday!2 .good advice he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time!3 .great fun we had yesterday!4 .good time we had yesterday!6.interesting movie!考点2： how引导的感叹句how是感叹副词，用作状语，修饰形容词、副词或动词，注意感叹句用陈述语序。具体有四种类型。How+形容词+主语+谓语！How clever the boy is!这个男孩多么聪明啊!How+副词+主语+谓语！How fast she runs!她跑得太快了!How +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！How clever a boy he is!这个男孩多么聪明啊！How+主语+谓语！How I admire you!我好羡慕你！【活学活用】I.time flies!1.1 wish to see you again and apologize to you.3 .beautifully you sing but badly he dances!4 .delicious the dish is! Fd like some more.考点3：感叹句用于宾语从句感叹句还可以用于宾语从句，引导词不变，语序不变，谓语动词时态与整句保持呼应。You can't imagine how excited I was when I heard from him.你难以想象我收到他的来信是多么激动呀。【活学活用】I. Parents are taught to understand important education is to their children's future.2. The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.3. Do you know high the building is?Part2祈使句祈使句表“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构为动词原形开头或let开头。有时为了加强感情色彩或特别指明向谁发出命令或要求时，可以加上you, Mary, girls等作为称呼。 Tom, water (he flowers today! 汤姆，今天浇花！祈使句常常用来表达命令、请求或者建议。它的主语“you”通常省略，并且谓语动词用原形。祈使句 的句尾用感叹号或句号，读的时候用降调。表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句 子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般分为四大类：D型祈使句，B型祈使句，L型祈使句，N型祈使 句。考点1： D型祈使句，包括动词do型开头，也包括祈使句的否定式。在祈使句的肯定句式前加Don",构成"Don，t+行为动词原形+其他成分”。1 .Hurry up!赶快！2 .Keep off the grass!勿踩踏草地！3 . Don't stop!不要停!【活学活用】Please do me a favor_(invite) my friend Mr. Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.1. Attention!(fill) in the form right now, making sure that every detail supplied is accurate.考点2： Be型祈使句，以Be动词原形开头的句子。1. Be quiet, please!请安静！2. Don't be late!不要迟到!考点3： N型祈使句，包括Never开头祈使句和No型祈使句。Never开头祈使句语气更强烈。在公共场合的提示语中，否定祈使句常用“No+名词/king形式”结构，表 示“禁止做某事”。1. Never give up!2. Never speak like that again.千万别再那样说话。3. No smoking!不要吸烟！拓展：祈使句构成反意疑问句，后边多用will you或won't you。陈述部分主句含有否定祈使句，附加问句应该用肯定形式。【活学活用】.(speak) with your mouth full of food. It is bad manners to do that.1 . Don't drink when you drive a car,you?考点4： Let型祈使句带有第一人称主语的祈使句通常以Let开头，其结构为：Let+me/us+谓语动词原形或Let，s+谓语(动词原 形)+其它。注意：Let us不包括说话者，而Let、则包括说话者。Let为结构构成反意疑问句，附加问 句用“shall we?”，其余都用“will you? ”。Let sb do sthDon't let your parents down.Let us go, will you?Let's go, shall we?Lefs go out and play basketball.咱们出去打篮球吧!Don't let him disturb us while we are having a meeting.我们开会时别让他打扰我们。【活学活用】Let's take action together to save our earth.we?1. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,you?考点5：祈使句+and/oi'+主句。注意与非谓语动词考点的区别。非谓语动词短语不能与并列连词and, or连用。该句型相当于“if引导的条件状语从句+主句and表示顺承关系，or/otherwise表示转折关系。有时该句 型中祈使句可以省略为名词词组，意思基本不变。and/or后面用“will +动词原形”。Work hard, and you will make it.努力学习» 你会成功的。Get round to it or you will lose the golden opportunity.抓紧点时间，否则你会错过这个难得的机会的。A few more minutes, and the work will be finished.再有几分钟,这份工作就完成了。【活学活用】Don't be discouraged.(take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.1. Start out right away,you'll miss the first train.2. Another hour we will complete the task sent to us.3. (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, you will leam a lot about firefighting.考点6：从句+祈使句【活学活用】1. If you're to succeed,(devote) to the job after finding the proper way to do it.2. Whatever it is,(makc)surc the lights in the living room arc turned off before leaving.巩固练习1 . English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?Yes.more words and expressions, and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. KnownB. KnowingC. To knowD. Know.basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownD. Being knownD. Being knownC. KnowingIn any unsafe situation, simply the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB.to pressC. pressingD.pressed3. The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face.A. thatB.howC. whyD.what4. Catherine,the alarm clock fbr 6 o'clock, or you would oversleep and be late fbr the train.A. settingB. setsC. setD. to seiThe manner a telephone is answered gives the image of the organization, so polite andpleasant when answering the telephone.A. in which; beB. where; beC. which; beingD. in which; being7 .glad I was that he was sitting next to me.A. thatB. howC. whyD. what8 . 一I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.一You bet. Just let me know when,I'll be there.A, and B,or C, so D, but感叹句和祈使句专练用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。1. an interesting country to live in!2. You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all, (bring) plenty of drinking water with you.3. In any unsafe situation, simply(press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.4. Always(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.5. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better(forget) it you've got some big bills coming.6. (congratulate) to you on your success in preventing the spread of the epidemic!7. One more hour ril get the work finished.8. Sorry I'm so late, but you cannot imagine great trouble I took to find your house.9. lovely weather we are having these days!10. interesting work it is to teach children!11. What interesting role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.12. Feeling down? Why visit one of these four websites?13. Catherine,(set) the alarm clock for 6 o'clock, or you would oversleep and be late for the train.单句改错16. What unforgettable experience!17. When asking how the public would help beautify Utah Lake, the lake's official workers suggested picking up garbage.18. No tourists would miss the local food in Xi'an, so would we.19. There have a time when we young people believe that our parents should stop offering their advice.20. Reading this story , and you will realize that not everything can be bought withmoney.21. Tommy, following your doctor's advice or your cold will get worse.22. Turning down the radio-the baby's asleep in the next room.23. For more information about Cambridge, visiting our website at.24. What important conference it is! You should take this chance to attend it.25. The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What dangerous a scene it was!拓展练习语篇填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-thc very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, (o recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, 69 (be) careful not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2 .只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” "Turning I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.令关注有礼令学科网中小学资源库扫码关注可免费领取180套PPT教学模版令海量教育资源一触即达令新鲜活动资讯即时上线