英语必修UnitWorkingthelandLearningaboutlanguage新人教.pptx
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英语必修UnitWorkingthelandLearningaboutlanguage新人教.pptx
会计学1英语必修英语必修UnitWorkingthelandLearningaboutlanguage新人教新人教1.Find the word or phrase from the text for each of these 1.Find the word or phrase from the text for each of these meaning.meaning.n n_ brown(skin)from spending too much time _ brown(skin)from spending too much time in the sun.in the sun.n n_ to make something or somebody free of _ to make something or somebody free of n n_ to become larger in size,number or amount_ to become larger in size,number or amountn n_ to make information and ideas known to _ to make information and ideas known to many peoplemany peoplen n_ would prefer to _ would prefer to n n_ to try extremely hard to achieve something_ to try extremely hard to achieve somethingsunburntrid of expandcirculateWould ratherstruggle第1页/共27页n n_ to send things to foreign countries for salen n_ pleased by having what one wants or needsn n_ to provide with things necessary for a certain purposen n_ plants grown in large amounts by farmersn n_ because of exportSatisfied withequipcropThanks to第2页/共27页Answer key for Ex 2:1.information:statistics;world:globe2.Strong:super;races:nationalities3.Not having enough food:hunger;sickness:disease4.A small Southeast Asian country:Vietnam jobs:occupations5.Open conditions:freedom sold and sent abroad:exported第3页/共27页Keys to Ex 3.Decade,struggle,expanding,Equipped,output,grain,crops,battles,disturbing第4页/共27页Useful structure (30m)Useful structure (30m)第5页/共27页The ing form as the Subject The ing form as the Subject ObjectObject1作主语作主语 动名词作主语时,句子有两种形动名词作主语时,句子有两种形式:式:动名词直接置于句首主语的位动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。学习新单词对我来说非常重要。Learning new words is very important for me3)说比做容易。说比做容易。Talking is easier than doing.第6页/共27页用形式主语用形式主语用形式主语用形式主语it it,把真正的主语,把真正的主语,把真正的主语,把真正的主语动名词结构移置句动名词结构移置句动名词结构移置句动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制,作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词,如某些形容词或少数名词,如某些形容词或少数名词,如某些形容词或少数名词,如usefuluseful,uselessuseless,goodgood,funfun;no useno use,worthworth等。如:等。如:等。如:等。如:和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。It is useless trying to argue with ShylockIt is useless trying to argue with Shylock这事值得去做。这事值得去做。这事值得去做。这事值得去做。Its worth making the effortIts worth making the effort想再解释一次有好处吗想再解释一次有好处吗想再解释一次有好处吗想再解释一次有好处吗?Is it any good trying to explain?Is it any good trying to explain?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。It is pleasant working with youIt is pleasant working with you第7页/共27页在在there be结构中作主语,这种结结构中作主语,这种结构的意思相当于构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do”。例如:。例如:若要人不知,除非己莫为。若要人不知,除非己莫为。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it这种事开不得玩笑。这种事开不得玩笑。Here is no joking about such matter.无法知道他什么时候离开无法知道他什么时候离开 There was no knowing when he would leave.第8页/共27页动名词与不定式做主语时的比较:动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作,不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如:还是个孩子的时侯,她就觉得探视病人是一种责任,也是一种愉悦。As a child,she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.第9页/共27页n n一直不做就是作恶。一直不做就是作恶。Doing nothing is doing illn n他说:他说:“继续这样下去是无用继续这样下去是无用的。的。”He said,“To go on like this is no use”n n我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。Its an honor for me to be invited to the party第10页/共27页归纳:常用归纳:常用-ing形式作主语的句型形式作主语的句型有:有:n nIt+be+a waste of time doing 做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的n nIt is/was no good/use doing 做做是没用处的是没用处的n nIt is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得n nIt is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的n nThere is no doing 无法无法;不允许不允许第11页/共27页There is no sense in doing There is no sense in doing 做做做做没有道理没有道理没有道理没有道理There is/was no use doing There is/was no use doing 干干干干无意义无意义无意义无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比没有比没有比没有比更糟的更糟的更糟的更糟的There is/was no point doing There is/was no point doing 干干干干无意义无意义无意义无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。我们不知道要去哪儿。我们不知道要去哪儿。我们不知道要去哪儿。There was no knowing where we would go.There was no knowing where we would go.做这件傻事毫无意义。做这件傻事毫无意义。做这件傻事毫无意义。做这件傻事毫无意义。There is no point doing such a silly thing.There is no point doing such a silly thing.第12页/共27页注意:注意:There is no need to do sth 干干没必要,在此句式中没必要,在此句式中to do 不可换为不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。没有必要告诉她。There is no need to tell her.提示:当动名词用作主语时,其提示:当动名词用作主语时,其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了,使我很担心。我姐姐病了,使我很担心。My sisters being ill made we worried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。你正确未必就意味着我错了。Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong.第13页/共27页2 2、用作宾语、用作宾语、用作宾语、用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也动名词作宾语;二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。可后接不定式作宾语。可后接不定式作宾语。可后接不定式作宾语。只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有只能后接动名词作宾语的动词,常见的有avoidavoid,considerconsider,enjoyenjoy,keepkeep,finishfinish,suggestsuggest,dislikedislike,delaydelay,escapeescape,cannot helpcannot help,imagineimagine,mindmind,missmiss,practisepractise,cannot standcannot stand等。如:等。如:等。如:等。如:我不能不去。我不能不去。我不能不去。我不能不去。I cant avoid goingI cant avoid going你是否考虑过找一位挚友你是否考虑过找一位挚友你是否考虑过找一位挚友你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Have you considered looking for one special friend?Have you considered looking for one special friend?第14页/共27页我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗?Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper?人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。People couldnt help laughing foolish man 这类动词还有:这类动词还有:excuse,fancy,give up,put off,risk等。等。第15页/共27页既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词,常见的有:的有:的有:的有:beginbegin,startstart,continuecontinue,likelike,lovelove,preferprefer,byby,meanmean,forgetforget,rememberremember,hatehate等。等。等。等。A A在在在在likelike,lovelove,hatehate,preferprefer等动词之后,用等动词之后,用等动词之后,用等动词之后,用-inging或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点或不定式意义上没有什么不同,只是侧重点有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示有些不同,动名词表示泛指的动作,不定式表示具体的一次性动作。具体的一次性动作。具体的一次性动作。具体的一次性动作。B B在在在在begin/startbegin/start,continuecontinue之后,用动名词和不之后,用动名词和不之后,用动名词和不之后,用动名词和不定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。定式,意义无甚区别,尤其是当主语是人的时候。第16页/共27页C C在动词在动词在动词在动词forgetforget,rememberremember,regretregret之后,用动之后,用动之后,用动之后,用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如:谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如:谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如:谓语发生,不定式表示后于谓语动作,如:我记得我已把信寄了。我记得我已把信寄了。我记得我已把信寄了。我记得我已把信寄了。I remember posting the letterI remember posting the letter我会记着去寄信的。我会记着去寄信的。我会记着去寄信的。我会记着去寄信的。Ill remember to post the letterIll remember to post the letter我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。I shall never forget seeing the famous writerI shall never forget seeing the famous writer不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。不要忘了给你母亲写信。Dont forget to write to your motherDont forget to write to your mother我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。I regret missing the reportI regret missing the report我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。I regret to say I cant take your adviceI regret to say I cant take your advice第17页/共27页D D在在在在trytry,meanmean之后,意义各不相同,如之后,意义各不相同,如之后,意义各不相同,如之后,意义各不相同,如try to do try to do(设法设法设法设法),try doing(try doing(试试试试试试试试),mean to do(mean to do(打算,有打算,有打算,有打算,有意要做意要做意要做意要做),mean doing(mean doing(意思是,意味着意思是,意味着意思是,意味着意思是,意味着)。如:。如:。如:。如:我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。We must try to get everything done in timeWe must try to get everything done in time我们用别的方法做这工作试试。我们用别的方法做这工作试试。我们用别的方法做这工作试试。我们用别的方法做这工作试试。Lets try doing the working in some other wayLets try doing the working in some other way我并不想叫你生气。我并不想叫你生气。我并不想叫你生气。我并不想叫你生气。I didnt mean to make you angryI didnt mean to make you angry你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。Your plan would mean spending hoursYour plan would mean spending hours第18页/共27页E.go on doing E.go on doing 和和go on to dogo on to doGo on doingGo on doing继续做一直在做的事;继续做一直在做的事;go on to dogo on to do接着做接着做另一件事。如:另一件事。如:请接着做这同一个练习。请接着做这同一个练习。Please go on doing the same exercisePlease go on doing the same exercise请做另外一个练习。请做另外一个练习。Please go on to do the other exercisePlease go on to do the other exerciseF Fstop doingstop doing与与stop to do:Stop doingstop to do:Stop doing停止做,停止做,stop to stop to dodo停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如:我们停止了交谈。我们停止了交谈。We stopped talkingWe stopped talking我们停了下来去谈话。我们停了下来去谈话。We stopped to talkWe stopped to talk第19页/共27页3 3作介词宾语作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。A A介词介词+动名词,如:动名词,如:我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits.habits.我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。我向你道歉,刚才对你那样生气。I apologize for being so angry with you.I apologize for being so angry with you.离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪。离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方,感觉有点怪。After being away for several yearsAfter being away for several years,it is a strange it is a strange experience to return to the place you were born and experience to return to the place you were born and brought upbrought up第20页/共27页 B动词+介词+动名词,如:我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition同学们脸上没有笑容,相反都做了怪脸。Instead of smiling,each of them made a face她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。She was very interested in working for our company下列短语中的to都是介词,所以后面跟名词或-ing形式:devote to,object to,pay attention to,get down to,lead to,look forward to,stick to,be used to等 第21页/共27页1._ such heavy pollution already,it may 1._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.That D.Suffered C.That D.Suffered精析:精析:根据句意根据句意“it may now be too late to”和和“already”可知可知“河流已经被严重污染河流已经被严重污染”,应用完成时。答案,应用完成时。答案A。典型例题第22页/共27页2._ the general state of his health,it may 2._ the general state of his health,it may take him a while to recover from the take him a while to recover from the operation.operation.A.Given B.To give A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having givenC.Giving D.Having given解析:解析:本题考查过去分词作状语本题考查过去分词作状语的用法。分析题干,前一部分的用法。分析题干,前一部分相当于一个条件状语从句,即相当于一个条件状语从句,即If he is given,因为主句是,因为主句是 it,从句应含被动意义,这恰是过从句应含被动意义,这恰是过去分词作状语的基本含义即含去分词作状语的基本含义即含被动意义。答案被动意义。答案 A。第23页/共27页3.-The picture _ on the wall is painted by my niece.A.A.having hung B.hangingC.hangs D.being hung解析:本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。分析题目可知,谓语是is painted,那么选项部分应是充当定语的。A项是现在分词的完成式,其一般不作定语,只作时间或原因状语;C项动词“第三人称单数”显然也不能作定语,只作谓语;分析 the picture与动作 hang之间的关系,其不含被动意义,D项排除;B项是现在分词的一般式,相当于定语从句which is hanging。答案B。第24页/共27页Assignment 1.Summarize the rules of v-ing form as the Subject and Object in your own way.2.Finish the exercises of“Discovering useful structures”on Page 13.第25页/共27页第26页/共27页