管理科学运输配送模型 优秀PPT.ppt
管理科学运输配送模型 Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems1第一页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 2Chapter TopicsThe Transportation ModelComputer Solution of a Transportation ProblemThe Assignment ModelComputer Solution of the Assignment Model第二页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 3OverviewPart of a larger class of linear programming problems known as network flow models.Possess special mathematical features that enabled development of very efficient,unique solution methods.Methods are variations of traditional simplex procedure.Detailed description of methods is contained in CD-ROM Module B,Transportation and Assignment Solution Methods.Text focuses on model formulation and solution with Excel and QM for windows.第三页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 4The Transportation ModelCharacteristicsA product is transported from a number of sources to a number of destinations at the minimum possible cost.Each source is able to supply a fixed number of units of the product,and each destination has a fixed demand for the product.The linear programming model has constraints for supply at each source and demand at each destination.All constraints are equalities in a balanced transportation model where supply equals demand.Constraints contain inequalities in unbalanced models where supply does not equal demand.第四页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 5Grain Elevator Supply Mill Demand1.Kansas City 150 A.Chicago 2002.Omaha 175 B.St.Louis 1003.Des Moines 275 C.Cincinnati 300Total 600 tons Total 600 tonsTransportation Model ExampleProblem Definition and DataProblem:How many tons of wheat to transport from each grain elevator to each mill on a monthly basis in order to minimize the total cost of transportation?Data:第五页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 6Minimize Z=$6x1A+8x1B+10 x1C+7x2A+11x2B+11x2C+4x3A+5x3B+12x3Csubject to:x1A+x1B+x1C=150 x2A+x2B+x2C=175 x3A+x3B+x3C=275 x1A+x2A+x3A=200 x1B+x2B+x3B=100 x1C+x2C+x3C=300 xij 0 xij=tons of wheat from each grain elevator,i,i=1,2,3,to each mill j,j=A,B,CTransportation Model ExampleModel Formulation(1 of 2)第六页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 7Figure 6.1Network of Transportation Routes for Wheat ShipmentsTransportation Model ExampleModel Formulation(2 of 2)第七页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 8Exhibit 6.1Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(1 of 3)第八页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 9Exhibit 6.2Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(2 of 3)第九页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 10Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(3 of 3)Exhibit 6.3第十页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 11Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel QM(1 of 3)Exhibit 6.4第十一页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 12Exhibit 6.5Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel QM(2 of 3)第十二页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 13Exhibit 6.6Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel QM(3 of 3)第十三页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 14Exhibit 6.7Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with QM for Windows(1 of 3)第十四页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 15Exhibit 6.8Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with QM for Windows(2 of 3)第十五页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 16Exhibit 6.9Transportation Model ExampleComputer Solution with QM for Windows(3 of 3)第十六页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 17Extension of the transportation model.Intermediate transshipment points are added between the sources and destinations.Items may be transported from:Sources through transshipment points to destinationsOne source to anotherOne transshipment point to anotherOne destination to anotherDirectly from sources to to destinationsSome combination of theseThe Transshipment ModelCharacteristics第十七页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 18Extension of the transportation model in which intermediate transshipment points are added between sources and destinations.Data:Transshipment Model ExampleProblem Definition and Data(1 of 2)第十八页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 19Figure 6.2Network of Transshipment Routes Transshipment Model ExampleProblem Definition and Data(2 of 2)第十九页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 20Minimize Z=$16x13+10 x14+12x15+15x23+14x24+17x25+6x36+8x37+10 x38+7x46+11x47+11x48+4x56+5x57+x58subject to:x13+x14+x15=300 x23+x24+x25=300 x36+x37+x38=200 x46+x47+x48=100 x56+x57+x58=300 x13+x23-x36-x37-x38 =0 x14+x24-x46-x47-x48=0 x15+x25-x56-x57-x58=0 xij 0Transshipment Model ExampleModel Formulation第二十页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 21Transshipment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(1 of 2)Exhibit 6.10第二十一页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 22Transshipment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(2 of 2)Exhibit 6.11第二十二页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 23Special form of linear programming model similar to the transportation model.Supply at each source and demand at each destination limited to one unit.In a balanced model supply equals demand.In an unbalanced model supply does not equal demand.The Assignment ModelCharacteristics第二十三页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 24Table 6.1Assignment Model ExampleProblem Definition and DataProblem:Assign four teams of officials to four games in a way that will minimize total distance traveled by the officials.Supply is always one team of officials,demand is for only one team of officials at each game.Data:第二十四页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 25Minimize Z=210 xAR+90 xAA+180 xAD+160 xAC+100 xBR+70 xBA+130 xBD+200 xBC+175xCR+105xCA+140 xCD+170 xCC+80 xDR+65xDA+105xDD+120 xDCsubject to:xAR+xAA+xAD+xAC=1 xij 0 xBR+xBA+xBD+xBC=1xCR+xCA+xCD+xCC=1xDR+xDA+xDD+xDC=1xAR+xBR+xCR+xDR=1xAA+xBA+xCA+xDA=1xAD+xBD+xCD+xDD=1xAC+xBC+xCC+xDC=1Assignment Model ExampleModel Formulation第二十五页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 26Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(1 of 3)Exhibit 6.12第二十六页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 27Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(2 of 3)Exhibit 6.13第二十七页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 28Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel(3 of 3)Exhibit 6.14第二十八页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 29Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with Excel QMExhibit 6.15第二十九页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 30Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with QM for Windows(1 of 2)Exhibit 6.16第三十页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 31Assignment Model ExampleComputer Solution with QM for Windows(2 of 2)Exhibit 6.17第三十一页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 32Determine linear programming model formulation and solve using Excel:Example Problem SolutionTransportation Problem Statement第三十二页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 33Minimize Z=$8x1A+5x1B+6x1C+15x2A+10 x2B+12x2C+3x3A+9x3B+10 x3C subject to:x1A+x1B+x1C=120 x2A+x2B+x2C=80 x3A+x3B+x3C=80 x1A+x2A+x3A 150 x1B+x2B+x3B 70 x1C+x2C+x3C 100 xij 0Example Problem SolutionModel Formulation第三十三页，本课件共有34页Chapter 6-Transportation,Transshipment,and Assignment Problems 34Example Problem SolutionComputer Solution with Excel第三十四页，本课件共有34页
