主谓一致专题复习.ppt

1.balanced 2.strengths3.theory4.represents5.directedII.1.belief2.patience3.physicists4.impressive5.terrified6.considerate7.convincing8.failureIII.1.chatting2.gathering3.overcome4.toconfirm5.permitting6.toexpand7.apologized8.topreserve1.(1)setdown(2)setoff(3)setabout(4)wassetup2.(1)inmemoryof(2)inthedistance(3)intime(4)inadvance3.(1)cheeredup(2)turnup(3)pick;up(4)dressed;up(5)wasbroughtupII.1.back2.for3.out4.to5.by6.offIII.1.getawaywith2.playedatrickon3.Onthecontrary4.caughtsightof5.watchoutfor6.earnedherliving1.What 2.whether3.when4.where5.WhoeverII.1.Traveling2.surprising3.carrying4.Knowing5.was6.rush7.is8.friendly9.impatient10.developmentIII.1.must2.neednt3.mustnt4.should 5.cantIV.1.howeverwhatever2.havehas3.gavegiving4.powerfullypowerful5.mustntcant/couldnt1.willcome/iscoming2.hasdoubled3.are4.are5.was6.beingtaken7.totell8.cutting/tobecut9.wasting10.tochoose11.is12.was13.are14.is1.areis2.areis3.achieveachieving4.surprisedsurprising5.satisfyingsatisfiedV.1.LearningEnglishwellisveryimportant.2.Thegirlsingingonthestagenowisourmonitor.3.IheardAliceansweringaphoneinheroffice.4.Feelingverytired,Peterleftthecompanyearlierthanusual.5.Afterdiscussing/Havingdiscussedwithhimaboutthebestplaceforaholiday,IdecidedtogotoTibet.VI.1.smallest2.areinvited3.to4.toshare5.that6.visiting7.probably8.go9.differences10.while1.expanding2.reduce3.overcoming4.sliding5.representing6.approaches7.swinging8.preservedII.1.achievements2.argument3.consideration4.attractions5.admission6.hunger7.freedom8.discovery9.length10.Unfortunately11.homeless12.convincing13.explanation14.curiously15.truly1.disturbing 2.astonishing3.worthwhile4.various5.considerate6.sunburnt7.particular8.outstanding词组巩固词组巩固I.1.bychance2.inadvance3.havefocusedon4.leadto5.cameacross6.badlyoff7.wascutoff8.Thanksto9.pickedout10.movedoff1-5CBABC6-10BBACB11-15ADAAB16-20DBBDA21-25CBCBD1.have;is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词表示单位数量用作主语时，通常看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式（第二空）;若强调数目，谓语动词用复数形式（第一空）。2.Is不定代词anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybody,everything,someone,somebody,something,nobody,nothing等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。3.is;are。集体名词family,class等作主语时，如果强调整体（第一空），谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体（第二空），则用复数形式。4.are。5.is。某些名词以-s结尾，表面看是复数形式，实际上是单数概念，如physics,news等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。6.is。当主语是不定式短语，-ing形式短语或主语从句时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。7.is。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，。一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰，若若表示的是表示的是同一概念同一概念，谓语动词一般用单数。该句意，谓语动词一般用单数。该句意为为“最后一课十四课是最难的一课。最后一课十四课是最难的一课。”8.am。9.has。两个名词或代词由。两个名词或代词由and连接作主语时，当连接作主语时，当and不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、不表示并列意义，而连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单物或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。数。10.was。主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用。主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如用with，alongwith，aswellas,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including等与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修等与修饰语连接，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。语法详解：语法详解：所谓所谓主谓一致主谓一致是指是指主语和谓语主语和谓语动词之间动词之间,即主语的人称和单复数形即主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。GrammarGrammar主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：语法一致原则语法一致原则就近原则就近原则意义一致原则意义一致原则1.and连接两个或两个以上单数名词或连接两个或两个以上单数名词或者代词作主语的时候者代词作主语的时候语法一致原则语法一致原则The boy _ diving.They _ diving.Jack and Tim _ diving.isareareFinishthefollowingexercises:Thesingeranddancer_onthestage.isAknifeandfork_usedtohavemeals.isevery.andevery.;each.andeach.;no.andno.在以上短语中在以上短语中and连接的单数名词连接的单数名词,整个短语整个短语在句中作主语时在句中作主语时,谓语动词常使用单数。谓语动词常使用单数。Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattendthemeeting.Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。班级中的每个男孩女孩都很用功。Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.听不到任何声音。听不到任何声音。2.如果主语是如果主语是不定式不定式,动词动词ing形式或形式或主主语从句语从句的时候的时候,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。Whatheisdoingseemsveryimportant.Collectingstampsishishobby.Toseeistobelieve.3.定语从句的关系代词定语从句的关系代词who,which,that在在从从句中作主语句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。一致。Thosewhoenjoysingingmayjoinus.Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyou.AAll All butbut one _(be)here just now.one _(be)here just now.A library A library with with five thousand books _(be)offered to five thousand books _(be)offered to the nation as a gift.the nation as a gift.A peasant A peasant together withtogether with some soldiers some soldiers _(be)_(be)about about to help us.to help us.withwithalong withalong withtogether withtogether withbesidesbesidesbutbutexceptexceptincludingincludingas well asas well asrather than rather than 谓语动词与第一个主语谓语动词与第一个主语A A 保持一致保持一致Bwerewereis isis is就近原则就近原则Bob Bob_aworker.isMike MikeandBob_workers.areBothMikeandBob_workers.areNeitherMikenorBob_ateacher.is A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B VerbHere There+VerbA and BA,B and CNot only you but also he _ wrong.(is/are)Neither you nor he _ right.(is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station.(is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you.(is/are)isisareis_概念一致原概念一致原则则所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主所谓概念一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式,而而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数是单数,但在意义上却是复数；有的主但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数语名词在形式上是复数,但在意义上却但在意义上却是单数。是单数。everybody1.不定代词做主语不定代词做主语anybodyeveryonenobodysomebodyeverythinganythingnothingsomethingBob Bob _ a worker.isMike Mike and Bob _ workers.areBoth Mike and Bob _ workers.areNeither Mike nor Bob _ a teacher.isBill Neither of them _(know)how to teach English.knows/knowAll of them _ workers.None of them _(know)how to teach English.are knows/knowNeither dog _ big.(A.is B.are)Neither of them _ big.(A.is B.are)A Neither of the rabbits _ handsome.(A.is B.are)A/BNeither rabbit _ handsome.(A.is B.are)AA/Bneither ofnone ofn.(U)n.(C)neither+n.(singl.)V.singl.plural.HowtousenoneandneitherV.(singl.)V.(singl.)3.Neitherofus_(was/were)readywhenthepartybegan.4.Noneofthem_(has/have)watchedthetalkshow.have/haswas/were1.Noneofthesepeople_doctors.A.hasB.isC.areD.was2.Neitherofthem_agoodsinger.A.areB.isC.wereD.isusedtobeCBHalfofthestudentshavefinishedtheircomposition.Halfoftheappleisbad.About60percentofthestudentsinourschoolareboys.2.therestof;halfof;partof;majorityof;percentof;onethirdof在句子中加名词作主语的时候在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓谓语动词与语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。后面的名词保持一致。Thegroup_madeupofninestudents.Thegroup_dancinghappily.is isareareThe team The team _ some good players.some good players.(have)(have)The team _ handsome.(be)The team _ handsome.(be)hashasareareclassfamilyteampoliceaudience1.was/clapping/for/tenminutes/The/audience2.The/are/inthehall/watching/carefully/audienceTheaudiencewasclappingfortenminutesTheaudiencearewatchingcarefullyinthehall.governmentThegovernment_(由一些高级官员组成由一些高级官员组成)Thegovernment_(在开一个重要的会议在开一个重要的会议)ismadeupofsomehighofficials.arehavinganimportantmeeting.注意：注意：集体名词为集体名词为people,police,cattle，谓语动词用复数形式谓语动词用复数形式e.g.Thepolicearesearchingforthethief.3.由由 集集 体体 名名 词词，如如 group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,company,audience,club,party,crew等等作作主主语语时时,如如果果看看成成一一个个整整体体，谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数形形式式,如如果果看成其中看成其中各成员各成员,则用则用复数复数形式形式.Choosethecorrectverbformtocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Theresearchgroup(is,are)madeupoffivepeople.2.What(do,does)thegroupwantfortheirlunch?3.Ourfamily(is,are)notpooranymore.4.Hehastoworry.Hisfamily(is,are)waitingforhim.5.Theclass(is,are)morethanfortyinnumber.isdoisareis6.Theclass(have,has)disagreedamongthemselvesaboutwheretheyshouldgoandhaveapicnic.7.Thegovernment(has,have)spentmorethantwomillionyuaninplantingtrees.8.Thecitygovernment(has,have)differentopinionsaboutnextyearsplan.havehashave4.某些名词如某些名词如clothes,trousers,shoes,glasses等等,通常只用其复数形式通常只用其复数形式,但当它们被但当它们被apairof修饰时修饰时,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。Thepairofshoesiswornout.这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。Theshoesarewornout.鞋子破了。鞋子破了。5.某些名词以某些名词以s结尾如结尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，谓语动词应用单数。等，谓语动词应用单数。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.物理是一门很有趣的学科。物理是一门很有趣的学科。6.anumberof+ns作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数thenumberof+ns作主语时作主语时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。Anumberofnewbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis50.7.manya,morethanone,oneandahalf与单与单数名词组成的短语数名词组成的短语,谓语用单数谓语用单数。Manyaboyhasseenit.许多孩子都看到了。许多孩子都看到了。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.8.书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时复数名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数谓语动词常用单数.语法一致原则语法一致原则1.And并列的并列的两两个人或物个人或物谓语用谓语用复数复数表示的是表示的是同一个人同一个人或物或物谓语用谓语用单数单数特例特例:由由each,every,manya等修饰时用等修饰时用单数单数谓语谓语2.主语是主语是动名词动名词,不定式或主语从句不定式或主语从句用用单数单数谓语谓语3.定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语时定语从句的关系代词在从句中做主语时,谓语动谓语动词与词与先行词先行词保持一致保持一致.4.主语后接说明主语的修饰语如主语后接说明主语的修饰语如:ratherthan,aswellas,with,togetherwith,but,except等时谓等时谓语动词与语动词与主语主语保持一致保持一致.就近原则就近原则either.or;neither.nor;notonly.butalso,在句子中连接主语的时候或者在在句子中连接主语的时候或者在therebe句型句型,here引导的句子中引导的句子中,谓语动词谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。要和就近的主语保持一致。概念一致原则概念一致原则1.不定代词不定代词all,more,some,any,none作主语作主语,谓语谓语动词动词视情况而定视情况而定。2.therestof;halfof;partof;majorityof;percentof;onethirdof在句子中加名词作主语的时候在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与谓语动词与of后面的名词后面的名词保持一致。保持一致。3.集体名词做主语表整体用集体名词做主语表整体用单数单数谓语谓语,表成员用表成员用复数复数谓语谓语4.people,police,cattle做主语谓语动词用做主语谓语动词用复数复数(people做民族讲例外做民族讲例外)5.anyone,everything,somebody等不定代词做主等不定代词做主语时谓语动词用语时谓语动词用单数单数6.clothes,trousers,shoesglasses等做主语时用等做主语时用复复数数谓语谓语,但被但被apairof修饰时用修饰时用单数单数谓语谓语.7.maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等做主语，等做主语，谓语动词应用谓语动词应用单数单数。8.Anumberof+复数名词复数名词+复数复数谓语谓语许多许多thenumberof+复数名词复数名词+单数单数谓语谓语的数量的数量9.Manya,morethanone,oneandahalf+单数名词单数名词做主语用做主语用单数单数谓语谓语10.书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时名词作主语时,谓语动词常用谓语动词常用单数单数应该注意的几个问题应该注意的几个问题:1.Thiskindof+名词做主语名词做主语谓语动词与谓语动词与kind一致一致名词名词+ofthiskind做主语做主语谓语动词与谓语动词与名词名词一致一致2.在主谓倒装的句子中在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其谓语动词的数应与其后的后的主语主语一致。一致。3.oneandahalf+复数名词复数名词+单数单数谓语谓语4.The+形容词一般用形容词一般用复数复数谓语谓语,但也有少数但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数则用单数1.Howaretheteamplaying?Theyreplayingwell,butoneofthem_hurt.(北京北京2002春季春季)A.gotB.getsC.areD.were2.Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alarge_ofdesert_coveredtheland.（上海（上海2001）A.number;hasB.quantity;hasC.number;haveD.quantity;have3.Allthepreparationsforthetask_,andwearereadytostart.(2000年全国春季卷年全国春季卷)A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted4.ItoldhimwhatIwassurprised_hisattitudetowardshisstudy.(2000年春季上海卷年春季上海卷)A.isB.wasC.atisD.atwas5.Everypossiblemeans_topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.(2000年春季上海卷年春季上海卷)A.isusedB.areusedC.hasbeenusedD.havebeenused6.His“SelectedPoems”_firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeen7.Mathematics_thelanguageofscience.A.isB.aregoingtobeC.are8.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout（NMET97）AhadtoBwouldCcouldDwasableto9.Agooddealofmoney_spentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen10.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks_tothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.haveofferedC.areofferedD.hasoffered11._ofthelandinthatdistrict_coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth,isB.Twofifth,areC.Twofifths,isD.Twofifths,are12.NobodybutJane_thesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknownD.isknown13.Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were14.NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.A.isB.areC.amD.be15.Thewounded_bythehospital.A.havebeentakeninC.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.hastakenin16.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided17.Iflawandorder_notpreserved,peoplewillnotbeabletoliveasecurelife.A.areB.wereC.isD.was18.Themoviesstaraswellasalotoffans_photographedalotbyTVstationsandnewspapers.A.wereB.wasC.hadD.has19.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.A.areB.wasC.isD.were20.Breadandbutter_whatAmericansusuallyhaveforbreakfast.A.areB.isC.wasD.were21.Anumberofmyfriends_Ishouldtakeaholiday.ButIamjusttoobusytospareanytime.A.thinkB.thinksC.hadthoughtD.hasthought22.Solongasyouhaveacompanion,twentymiles_alongwaytowalk,especiallyinthemorning.A.isB.isntC.areD.arent23.Thepolice_searchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.Tillnowmorethanoneperson_suspected.A.isisB.isareC.areisD.areare24.Readingmanybooks_herhappy.A.makeB.makesC.ismakingD.aremaking25.Everyboyandgirlmusthave_uniformneatlykept.A.hisB.herC.theirD.them26.Thecommittee_tohaveitssecondmeetinginTianjinnextmonth.A.aregoingB.isgoingC.goestoD.goto27.InadditiontoJohnandMary,theirfather_visityoutomorrow.A.isgoingtoB.aregoingtoC.shallD.areto28.（山东卷）（山东卷）Thecountrylifehewasusedto_greatlysince1992.A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged29.Jimistheonlyoneofthestaffmemberswho_tobepromoted.A.areB.havebeenC.isD.hasbeen30.Manyachild_towalkbeforehecanspeak.A.learnB.learnsC.learnedD.havelearnedHomeworkHomeworkFinishtheexercisesinUSINGSTRUCTURESonPage43.