河北省石家庄市第一中学高中英语 unit4 Astronomy warming up reading教学课件 新人教版必修3.ppt
Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsThe universe is made up of stars,planets,and other matterscatteredthroughoutspace.TheMilkyWayisalargespiralgalaxy（螺旋星系）measuringabout100,000light-yearsacross.Itisabout14billionyearsoldandtakes225millionyearsorsotorotate（旋转）once.Likeallspirals,itcontainsplentyofgasanddust,fromwhichnewstarsareformed.Thedensenucleus（核心）istheoldestpartandhasnogasleftfornewstar.The Solar system1.Mercury(水星)4.Mars（火星）7.Uranus（天王星）2.Venus(金星)5.Jupiter（木星）8.Neptune（海王星）3.Earth(地球)6.Saturn（土星）9.Pluto（冥王星）Oursolarsystemismadeupofthesunandtheobjectsthatorbitit.Theseincludethenineplanets(andprobablymorethannine)andtheirmoons,aswellasasteroids（小行星）,comets,andmeteors（流星）.Thesunistheneareststartotheearth.Itisaglobeofhotgas,mostlyhydrogen（.氢）,andliesatthecenterofoursolarsystem.Itcontainsnosolidmaterial.Starsarelargeballsofhotgasthatproducelightandheatthroughnuclearreactions.OurSunisanaverageyellowstar,butseemsbrightbecauseitissoclose.MercuryTheRomangodofmerchantsandtravellersVenusTheRomangoddessofloveMarsTheRomangodofwarJupiterThekingoftheRomangodsSaturnTheRomangodofseedsandsowingUranusTheGreekgodoftheskyNeptuneTheRomangodoftheseaPlutoTheRomangodofthedeadStarsarelargeballsofhotgasthatproducelightandheatthroughnuclearreactions.OurSunisanaverageyellowstar,butseemsbrightbecauseitissoclose.Planetsarethelargestobjectsthatcirclearoundthestars.Theymayberocky,liketheearth,ormademostlyofgasandliquid,likeJupiter.ThewordplanetisGreekforwanderer.Thenamecomesfromthewayplanetsappeartomoveagainstthestarsovertime.Itisthoughtthattheplanetsformedataboutthesametimeasthesun.Astheoriginalcloudofgasanddustcollapsedtoforthesun,somematter was spun out into a flattened disk.Over several millionyears,thedustandgasgatheredtogethertoformtheplanetsandmoons.Denserrocksgatherednearthesunandlightergasesfartherout.Ourplanet,theearth,isalargeballofrocksandmetalscoveredwithwaterandsoil.Itbelongs to a group ofnine planets that movearoundastarcalledthesun.Itissurroundedbyablanketofgasescalledtheatmosphere,hasonemoon,andasfarasweknow,istheonlyplanetthatsupportslife.NASAsMarsdetector（探测器）,Opportunity,succeededinfindingsignsthatwateronceexistedontheplanet.OpportunitylandedonMarsinJanuary.Scientistsnowbelievethattheplanetcouldoncehavesupportedlife.“Althoughwestillcantsaythatlifecouldhaveexistedinthisenvironment,itisnowcertainthattherewaswateronMars,”saidoneofthescientistsworkingontheMarsmission.（任务）HowLifeBeganontheEarthDiscussion:1.Life is a mystery to our beings.Scientists study theoriginoflifebyexplodingspace.Doyoureallythinkspacefightsaremeaningful?Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofspaceflights.2.Whyistheearththeonlyoneofalltheplanetsonwhichlifecansurvive?Haslifestartedinotherstarsexceptontheearth?Read“How Life Began on the Earth”,then answerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatsthemainideaofthetext?2.Howmanypartscanthetextbedividedinto?Whatsthemainideaforeachpart?Twoparts:Part1(para1):Watermadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.Part2(para2,3,4):Thedevelopmentoflivingthings.Mainidea:HowlifebeginontheearthReadPart1andanswerquestions:1.Howdidwatercomeintobeingontheearth?2.Whatsthesignificanceofthepresenceofwaterontheearth?Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesintooceansandseas.Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapour,whichturnintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.ReadPart2andanswerquestions:1.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromdinosaurs?Becausetheyproducetheiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.2.Fillinthediagram:Smallplantsinwater1278934562.shellfishandallsortsoffish3.Greenplantsonland4.insects(onland)5.amphibianonlandinwater6.forests7.reptilesonland8.Dinosaursonland9.mammalsonlandRead“HowLifeBeganontheEarth”,fillinthediagramoflifesoriginsandprocess:Harmfulgases1.PlantsintheseasLandplants2.InsectsAmphibiansReptilesDinosaursMammalsincluding3_Thehumanbeingswaterlandanimals1.TheBigBangisthetermusedtodescribeahugeexplosionthatscientistsbelievehappenedaround15billionyearsago,creatingouruniverse.NobodyknowswhatcausedtheBigBang,sincewecannotlookbacktoatimebeforeit.Butjustaftertheevent,theuniverseisbelievedtohavebeenaknotoftightlypackedparticlesonlyaboutthesizeofapea.Itstemperaturewastenthousandtrillion,trilliondegreeCelsius.Homework:discussion:1.Whyisthepresenceofplantsimportantforthedevelopmentoflife?2.Istheearthgettingwarmereachyear?Ifso,whateffectswillthishave?Whatsthe“greenhouseeffect,”whichsomescientistssaymightdestroyourplant?Willtheburningofcoal,oil,andnaturalgascausetheearthtobecomeadeadplanetlikeVenus?
