Unit 3 要词 好语 精句讲义-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册.docx

选择性必修4 Unit3 Careers and skillsReading: Work to live,Live to workIf you were asked the question,“Do you work to live or live to work?"what would your answer be? Some might say that we work because we have to not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we workthere are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.1. enableallowqualifyfacilitate2. financially independent经济的独立3. It is certainly true that的确4. labour force劳动力5. it could be argued that 可以说6. geartackle7. by no means绝不Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved.All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables is to pursue those dreams.Henry David Thoreau said ”. if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined,he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours." Yang Liwei , for example, driven by his passion for flying became a pilot and then China's first astronaut in space. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of,and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.8. attainachieve9. one kind or another这样或那样10. pursue followchase11. If one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined,he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.12. 如果一个人自信地朝着梦想的方向前进，努力地过着他想象的生活，那么他会在平常的时候获得意想不到的成功。13. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of,and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.14. 无论我们的兴趣是什么，工作让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情，因此，可以给我们成就感和极大的满足感。Work can also help develop our skills,thus providing room for personal growth. When we work we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now.However, it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo.In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our chosen career path.15. constantly and continuously 持续不断地16. excelshinesurpassoutdo17. social technology社会技术18. energy efficiency能源效率19. anticipateforestallantedate20. emergeappeararise21. it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo.可以肯定的是没有一个人会满足于现状。Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society. At the most basic level, different types of jobs are like gears in a machine They work to ensure that the machine we call“society"functions properly. In successful stable and productive society all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another so we should not have prejudice against any of them. Whether we are scientists,lawyers,doctors, public servants, consultants, clerks, receptionists or butchers, we all make our respective contributions.Moreover,there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others.For example, teachers in remote rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others. In this way,we work to advance our communities and bring success to our nation.22. Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society.工作不仅对我们有利，也有利于社会的健康。23. at the most basic level在基本的层面上24. be superior to优越于25. prejudice against 对.的偏见26. respectiveindividualparticular27. comfort zone舒适区28. commit themselves to working他们努力工作29. remote rural area偏远的农村地区30. people with less access to the advantage享受不到这种优势的人Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us something worth remembering is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole.31. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole.我们可以自信地认识到努力工作对于个人的幸福及整个社会都是必不可少的。Grammar UsageAs you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future. you might ask a question whether you should start your own business. You may have a brilliant idea, but before you decide to put it into action,it is wise to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this option.32. a brilliant idea绝佳的想法33. weigh up权衡There are many advantages of running your own business.It can be a source of personal growth, since you need to learn a lot of skills in order to become a successful business owner.For example you should learn to sharpen your leadership skills and motivate your employees or to develop your financial management skills and keep track of all your receipts and payments.Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family,or even the economy will benefit if you achieve commercial success.It is no surprise that being one's own boss is appealing to many people.34. sharpenenhanceheighten35. keep track of记录36. It is no surprise that毫无疑问37. be appealing to吸引However, there are disadvantages too.For one thing, running your own business means dealing with demanding work schedules.You may have to work long hours. or even work around the clock.For another,being a business owner comes with great responsibilities. For instance,you will have to work out weekly, monthly and yearly budgets, and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other people's jobs on the line. Also, you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.Therefore, when it comes to starting a business on your own,think twice before you act!38. demanding work schedule高强度的工作安排39. around the clock日以继夜地Extended Reading:Tips for job interviewsGood morning,everyone. Today I'll be talking about what to do if you're asked to go for a job interview. The odds are that you've never been a candidate for a particular job before,but my advice will help you gain the upper hand as you set off and step into the world of employment.40. The odds are that可能41. gain the upper hand占上风Before we go any further, its important to understand the purpose of an interview. An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position. Meanwhile, it provides an opportunity for the applicant to learn more about the job and the company, and to discover whether this job is right for him or her. Prior to the interview ensure you make good preparations. Find out about the company and the post you are interviewing for through the company profile.This information will give you a good basis for what criteria are used for selecting candidates.List your strengths and skill set that will help the company achieve its goals. It's equally important to analyse your weaknesses and have a plan in mind to show how you intend to overcome them.42. prior to the interview在面试前43. profileside viewbiological sketch44. criteria(criterion) standardprincipleOnce you've done your homework about the company and the position make a list of questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them. Better yet, do practice interviews with a friend.You can film the interviews to review your performance.Pay attention to your voice and body language. Practice makes perfect.Keep at it until you can concisely and confidently present your best self.45. better yet更好的是46. film拍摄47. concisely and confidently 简洁自信地Prepare to make a good first impression.Dress appropriately for your interview and gentlemen be sure to have a good shave.Get a good night's rest so that you feel and look refreshed.Check the address of the interview decide what mode of transport to use and allow extra time for traffic delays. Remember,be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your confirmed interview time.48. appropriatelyaptlyapplicablyproperly49. a good shave刮干净胡子50. refreshedrestedrelaxed51. allow extra time留出额外的时间52. be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your confirmed interview time.53. 要做一个早起的人，至少在确定的面试前半小时到达。For the duration of the interview, listen carefully to the questions, and if you need clarification, it is not rude to say so.When answering try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much.Justify yourself with relevant examples from your personal experience and be specific about your achievements. However, you'll also need to pay attention to the interviewer's responses to determine whether to provide more details or not.54. the right conversational balance 在对话中恰当平衡55. Justify yourself with relevant examples from your personal experience用你自己经历的相关例子证明自己56. specificparticulardistinctiveThe interviewer can infer a lot from your body language.Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed. So start with a firm handshake and a genuine smile when greeting the interviewer. While speaking, make constant eye contact but do not stare fixedly at the interviewer. Keep your back straight throughout the interview.Negative body language such as yawning looking around and crossing your arms,is to be avoided because it implies that you are bored, anxious or defensive.57. Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed.积极的的肢体语言给人一种自信和放松的印象。58. a firm handshake and a genuine smile 握手坚定及真诚微笑59. make constant eye contact 眼神交流60. stare fixedly at盯着61. implyinferindicate62. defensivecautiousshieldingwaryTowards the end of the interview don't forget to seize the moment and ask questions. An interview is a two-way street. Asking questions not only gives you a better picture of the company,but also allows you to address any strengths you weren't able to bring up naturally. For example"Japanese was a minor subject l took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan. Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there?"63. a two-way street双向选择64. bring up naturally自然提及65. a minor subject辅修课程66. your corporate plan你们公司的计划After the interview, you should follow it up by writing to thank the interviewer for giving you the opportunity and again express your interest in working for the company.This is not only a polite thing to do,but also a final chance to recommend yourself. It's also vital to look back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.lf you follow these steps and put your best foot forward in your interview,you will be one step closer to reaching the end of the rainbow and obtaining your dream job.I wish you the best of luck!67. reach the end of the rainbow到达彩虹的尽头学科网（北京）股份有限公司