中考英语语法：动词时态特殊用法讲解.docx

初中英语语法：动词时态特殊用法讲解表将来的“be going to+动词原形”与“现在进行时”1. be going to主要表示主观想法或意图，而现在进行时表示将来则主要强调已经作出的安排。比较:I'm going to wash the car if l have time. 若有时间我想洗洗车。(主观想法)I'm picking you up at 6. don't forget.我6点钟来接你，不要忘了。(已作出的安排)2.但是当要表示主观无法控制的预测时，通常要用be going to，不能用现在进行时态。如:It's going to snow before long. 不久会下雪。Things are going to get better soon. 情况很快就会好起来。3.当表示坚持要(不要)某人做某事时，两者均可用。如:She's taking going to take that medicine whether he likes it or not. 不管她喜欢不喜欢，她都得吃那药。You're not wearing going to wear l that skirt to school. 你不可以穿那条裙子去上学。“will/shall+动词原形”与“be going to+动词原形”两者均可表示将来时间和意图，有时可以换用。如:I think it'll rain this evening./1 think it's going to rain this evening.我想今晚会下雨。 won't tell you about it. / l'm not going to tell you about it. 我不会把这事告诉你的。两者的区别是:1.若是强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，则通常要用be going to;若是表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则通常用will。比较:-Ann is in hospital. 安住院了。-Oh, really?I didn't know. I'll go and visit her啊，真的吗?我还不知道。我要去看看她。(临时想法，不能用be go in oto)-Ann is in hospital.安住院了。-Yes.I know. I'm going to visit her tomorrow. 我知道，我打算明天去看看她。(事先考虑的意图，不能用will)2.若是有迹象表明要发生某事，通常只用be going to，不用will。如:Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云，要下雨了。3.带有时间或条件状语从句的主句通常不宜用be going to，而用will。如:When he comes back |will tell him the news 他可来时我就告诉他这个消息。If he comes back. I will tell him the news. 他若回来我就告诉他这个消息。before long 可以连用哪些时态before long的意思是“不久”，可指过去或将来，即可用干过去时态或将来时态。如:1.连用一般将来时We'll know before long (= soon).我们很快就会知道了。I'm going to get very cross before long. 我很快就会大发雷霆。It's likely that the law will be abolished before long. 这项法律很有可能不久就要废除。You need to be careful or you'll run yourself into the ground before long.你要小心点，不然过不了多久你就会累垮的。2.连用一般过去时Before long the whole neighbourhood knew about it不久，整个小区都知道了这事。Before long the dispute degenerated into fierce polemics.不久争论就演变成了激烈的论战。One thing led to another and before long Sue and I were engaged,事情一件接着一件,不久之后我和休就订婚了。Other students joined in the protest, and before long(=soon)there was a crowd of200 or so. 其他学生也加入了抗议队伍，不久就有 200 人左右了。We were called to the hospital twice, but the old man seemed to have nine lives and before long made a complete recovery.我们两次被召往医院，但老父亲大难不死，不久就完全康复了。3.其他时态有时在特定语境中也可以连用完成时(如将来完成时、过去完成时等)。如:I knew she would alive before long. 我当时就知道她很快就会到的。Before long they had signed with Virgin. 他们不久就和维珍唱片公司签了约。Before long a large crowd had gathered outside the building.不久大楼外面就聚集了一大群人。Before long,he will have forgotten all about the matter. 过不久，他很快就会把这件事全然忘记的。有时 before long 不是修饰谓语动词，而是修饰非谓语动词的，此时完全可以根据需要来确定谓语时态:I hope to write to you before long. 我希望不久就能给你写信。hear何时可用于进行时态当 hear表示无意识的“听见”时，它不能用于进行时态。如以下各句均不能用进行时态。I hear shouting. 我听到喊叫声。He heard the wind blowing. 他听见风在刮。I heard him lock the door. 我听见他锁了门。They hated children. I heard them say so.他们讨厌孩子。我听到他们这样说过。Can everyone in the room hear me?屋子里的每一个人都能听到我的声音吗?As l opened my eyes I heard a strange voice,我睁开眼的时候，听见了一种奇怿的声音。当hear 表示表意识的“听”“听取”时(比如听取证词、投诉等)，可以用于进行时态(这是一种比较正式的用法)。如:The court is hearing evidence this afternoon.法庭今天下午听取证词。当它表示听到消息或情况时，也可用于进行时态，但通常是用在现在完成时及一般将来时中使用进行时态(即用于现在完成进行时和将来进行时)。如:I've been hearing all about your accident. 我一直在听人说你出事故的详细情况。You'll be hearing about the new scheme at our next meeting.在我们下一次会议上你就会听到新计划的情况。当hear表示“审问”“审理”时，可以用于进行时态。如:Which judge is hearing the case? 哪位法官审这个案子?当hear表示“出现幻听”“产生幻听”时，总是用于进行时态。如There's no one there. I must be hearing things.那里一个人也没有，我一定是产生幻听了。thought l was hearing things yesterday. i thought l heard a cuckoo. 我想昨天我出现幻听了。我以为听到了布谷鸟叫。One of the most common symptoms of schizophrenia is hearing imaginary voices.精神分裂症的最常见的一个症状就是幻听。学科网（北京）股份有限公司