表示时间介词用法精选课件.ppt

关于表示时间介词关于表示时间介词用法用法第一页，本课件共有91页*on*on表示表示“在在时候时候时候时候”，与日期、星期搭配使用，与日期、星期搭配使用，与日期、星期搭配使用，与日期、星期搭配使用。如：如：I leave I leave on Monday 25thth November.November.He plays football on Friday.Friday.*in表表表表示示示示“在在在在期期期期间间间间”，与与与与具具具具体体体体的的的的年年年年代代代代、月月月月份份份份、季季季季节节节节或或或或一一一一天中的某个时段搭配使用天中的某个时段搭配使用天中的某个时段搭配使用天中的某个时段搭配使用。如：The The postman postman comes comes in the the morning(s)morning(s)and and inin the the afternoon(s).afternoon(s).邮递员每天上午和下午来送信。邮递员每天上午和下午来送信。注注注注意意意意：on on MondayMonday与与on on MondaysMondays意意义义不不完完全全相相同同。on Monday有有两两个个意意思思，第第一一表表示示特特指指的的某某个个星星期期一一，第第二表示每逢星期一；而二表示每逢星期一；而on Mondayson Mondays只表示每逢星期一。只表示每逢星期一。第二页，本课件共有91页*注意注意注意注意:具体某天的上午、下午或晚上要用介词具体某天的上午、下午或晚上要用介词onon，如：，如：They will have dinner together They will have dinner together on Sunday eveningon Sunday evening.*注意注意注意注意:以下名词与介词的固定搭配：以下名词与介词的固定搭配：My My children children play play in in the the streetstreet in in the the daytimedaytime.(在白天)I can hear the cars I can hear the cars at nightat night.(.(在晚上在晚上)I go to my mothers house I go to my mothers house at the weekendat the weekend.(.(在周末在周末)I I go go to to my my mothers mothers house house on the weekend.(美美式式英英语语)I play tennis I play tennis at weekendsat weekends.(每逢周末每逢周末)Do the EX.on P166.Do the EX.on P166.第三页，本课件共有91页2.时间表达法 this/next/theafter this/next/theafter 可以表达时间可以表达时间，如：this month(this month(这个月这个月)/next month()/next month(下个月)/the month after next(下下个月下下个月)this Tuesday/next Tuesday/the Tuesday after next this Tuesday/next Tuesday/the Tuesday after next this week/next week/the week after next this week/next week/the week after next this year/next year/the year after next this year/next year/the year after next today/tomorrow/the day after tomorrow today/tomorrow/the day after tomorrow 注意注意：the next day the next day 表示表示表示表示 过去过去过去过去 的时间，意为的时间，意为的时间，意为的时间，意为“第二天第二天第二天第二天”而不是明天，常常用在间接引语里。而不是明天，常常用在间接引语里。而不是明天，常常用在间接引语里。而不是明天，常常用在间接引语里。第四页，本课件共有91页2.疑问词 Who,whom,whose,which,what,where,Who,whom,whose,which,what,where,when,why,how(how many,how much,how when,why,how(how many,how much,how old,how long,how far,how often,how soon,old,how long,how far,how often,how soon,how big)how big)Who-Who-主格主格 Who is he?Who is he?Whom-Whom-宾格 Whom do you talk with?Whose-Whose-定语定语 Whose book is this?Whose book is this?Which-Which-哪个，哪些（有限定的选择范围）哪个，哪些（有限定的选择范围）WhichWhich museum do you want to go to?museum do you want to go to?What-什么，什么样的（没有限定的选择范围什么，什么样的（没有限定的选择范围)WhatWhat does Jim often do on Monday?does Jim often do on Monday?第五页，本课件共有91页Xiaoyan:Ive got my fitness program from the gym for this Xiaoyan:Ive got my fitness program from the gym for this month.month.Mary:Mary:class do you have tomorrow,Xiaoyan?class do you have tomorrow,Xiaoyan?Xiaoyan:Tomorrow-Tuesday-I havent got a class.I do gym.Xiaoyan:Tomorrow-Tuesday-I havent got a class.I do gym.Mary:Mary:do you do gym with?do you do gym with?Xiaoyan:Nobody,I do two gym sessions on my own a week.Xiaoyan:Nobody,I do two gym sessions on my own a week.Mary:So,Mary:So,are your classes?are your classes?Xiaoyan:This month,I do aerobics on Saturdays and Tai Chi on Xiaoyan:This month,I do aerobics on Saturdays and Tai Chi on Mondays.Mondays.Mary:And Mary:And do you do next month?do you do next month?Xiaoyan:I do three gym sessions,but I dont do Tai Chi there Xiaoyan:I do three gym sessions,but I dont do Tai Chi there isnt a class.isnt a class.Mary:Mary:isnt there a class?isnt there a class?Xiaoyan:The trainer is on holiday.But it starts again Xiaoyan:The trainer is on holiday.But it starts again the month the month after nextafter next.So,the month after next,I do two gym sessions again.So,the month after next,I do two gym sessions again and I do Tai Chi.and I do Tai Chi.Mary:Well.Mary:Well.Good luck!Good luck!Enjoy yourself!Enjoy yourself!Which Who whenwhatWhy 第六页，本课件共有91页3.社交书信 P174 写写信信人人姓姓名名 地地址址 日期Dear xx,-Yours sincerely,x xx xx x第七页，本课件共有91页4.描述情感*描述情感或感受，常用动词描述情感或感受，常用动词to feel.如：如：如：如：-How are you feelingare you feeling?-I feelfeel much better.Thank you.much better.Thank you.你现在感觉怎么样？我觉得好多了。谢谢你。你现在感觉怎么样？我觉得好多了。谢谢你。-How-How do you feeldo you feel today?today?-I feelfeel terrible.Ive got a headache.terrible.Ive got a headache.你今天感觉怎么样？我觉得很难受。我头疼。你今天感觉怎么样？我觉得很难受。我头疼。第八页，本课件共有91页*描描描描述述述述情情情情感感感感的的的的形形形形容容容容词词词词中中有有一一部部分分由由动动动动词词词词的的的的-ing-ing形形形形式式式式和和和和-ed-ed形形形形式式式式转转转转化化化化而而而而来来来来。前前前前者者者者通通常常带带有有主主主主动动动动含含义义，用用来来描描述述事事件件或或某某项项活活动动本本本本身身身身所具有的特征所具有的特征所具有的特征所具有的特征；后者后者后者后者通常带有通常带有被动被动被动被动含义，用来含义，用来描述描述描述描述人的感觉人的感觉人的感觉人的感觉。The lesson is The lesson is interestinginteresting.那堂课很有趣。那堂课很有趣。The The students students were were interested interested inin studying studying English.English.学学生生们们对学习英语感兴趣。对学习英语感兴趣。常用的此类形容词有常用的此类形容词有常用的此类形容词有常用的此类形容词有：boring boring 令人厌倦的令人厌倦的 bored(by)bored(by)因因而厌倦而厌倦exciting exciting 令人兴奋的令人兴奋的 excited(about)excited(about)因因感到激动的感到激动的worrying worrying 令人担心的令人担心的 worried(about)worried(about)因因担心的担心的tiring tiring 引起疲劳的，累人的引起疲劳的，累人的 tired(from)tired(from)因因疲惫的疲惫的 这些形容词用动词的这些形容词用动词的这些形容词用动词的这些形容词用动词的-ing-ing形式，表示主动意义，形式，表示主动意义，形式，表示主动意义，形式，表示主动意义，“令人令人令人令人的的的的”；右侧则用了动词的；右侧则用了动词的；右侧则用了动词的；右侧则用了动词的-ed-ed形式，表示被动意义，形式，表示被动意义，形式，表示被动意义，形式，表示被动意义，“因因因因而而而而”第九页，本课件共有91页物做主语物做主语 人做主语人做主语 interesting interestedinteresting interested exciting excited exciting excitedThe book is very interesting.We are all We are all interestedinterested in it.in it.注注注注意意意意-ed-ed形形形形式式式式后后后后的的的的介介介介词词词词为为为为固固固固定定定定搭搭搭搭配配配配，介介介介词词词词的的的的宾宾宾宾语语语语如如如如为为为为动动动动词，需用词，需用词，需用词，需用-ing-ing形式。形式。形式。形式。The students wereThe students were interested in interested in studystudyinging English.We We are excited aboutare excited about the good news.the good news.第十页，本课件共有91页5.动词to be的过去时 P177*动词动词动词动词to beto be的过去时的构成的过去时的构成的过去时的构成的过去时的构成 肯定句肯定句肯定句肯定句 否定句否定句否定句否定句 I I waswas I I was notwas not YouYou werewere YouYou were notwere not He/She/ItHe/She/It waswas He/She/ItHe/She/It was notwas not We/They We/They werewere We/They We/They were notwere not 一般疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句 简略回答简略回答简略回答简略回答 Was Was I?Yes,I was.No,I wasnt.I?Yes,I was.No,I wasnt.WereWere you?Yes,we were.No,we werent.you?Yes,we were.No,we werent.WasWas he/she/it?Yes,he/she/it was.No,he/she/it wasnt.he/she/it?Yes,he/she/it was.No,he/she/it wasnt.WereWere we?Yes,we were.No,we werent.we?Yes,we were.No,we werent.WereWere they?Yes,they were.No,they werent.they?Yes,they were.No,they werent.第十一页，本课件共有91页*动词动词to be的过去时的用法的过去时的用法 动动动动词词词词to be 的的的的过过过过去去去去时时时时用用用用于于于于描描描描述述述述过过过过去去去去的的的的经经经经历历历历（说说说说话话话话时时时时已结束的事情或已不存在的状态）。已结束的事情或已不存在的状态）。已结束的事情或已不存在的状态）。已结束的事情或已不存在的状态）。如：如：I waswas at at the the doctors doctors yesterday.昨昨天天我我去去过过诊诊所。所。She She was was a teacher in Italy last last yearyear.去年她在意大利当老师。They They werewere in France in France last monthlast month.上个月他们在法国。第十二页，本课件共有91页6.描述经历 P178What waslike?/How was.?可以用来询问他可以用来询问他人对所经历之事的总体感觉。如：人对所经历之事的总体感觉。如：What was the party like?What was the party like?How was the party?How was the party?Note:描述天气描述天气 Whats the weather like in?谈论人的外貌和性格特征 What does he look like?What does he look like?他长什么样？（外貌）What is he like?（性格）（性格）第十三页，本课件共有91页7.重点词汇 certainly include pay medical address certainly include pay medical address occupation monthly agree to regulation occupation monthly agree to regulation signature suit list show sb.around fitness signature suit list show sb.around fitness session cancel recommendation training session cancel recommendation training choose make an appointment cash opportunity choose make an appointment cash opportunity serve pick up presentation boring exciting serve pick up presentation boring exciting worrying frightening tiring bored(by)excited worrying frightening tiring bored(by)excited(about)worried(about)frightened(about)(about)worried(about)frightened(about)depressed(by)tired(from)depressed(by)tired(from)第十四页，本课件共有91页 1.形容词的比较级P188 1.1.表示等级比较时用表示等级比较时用as+as+原形原形原形原形+as Eg:London is as busy as Shanghai.表示不如时用表示不如时用表示不如时用表示不如时用not so/as+not so/as+原形原形原形原形+as+as Eg:Lily isnt so tall as lucy.=Lily is shorter than Eg:Lily isnt so tall as lucy.=Lily is shorter than Lucy.=Lucy is taller than Lily.Lucy.=Lucy is taller than Lily.2.2.二者比较常用形容词的二者比较常用形容词的+than 结构结构 3.3.比较级前常用修饰语比较级前常用修饰语比较级前常用修饰语比较级前常用修饰语a bit/a little/much/a lot等等等等词语来修饰词语来修饰词语来修饰词语来修饰 Eg:The Changjiang River is much longer than Eg:The Changjiang River is much longer than the Yellow River.the Yellow River.4.三者或三者以上比较用最高级三者或三者以上比较用最高级三者或三者以上比较用最高级三者或三者以上比较用最高级 Eg:She is the tallest girl in our school.第十五页，本课件共有91页比较级最高级的规则及不规则变化 1-er/est1-er/estTall-taller-tallest,short-shorter-shortest 2.2.以以以以e e结尾结尾结尾结尾-r/st nice-nicer-nicest-r/st nice-nicer-nicest 3.3.重读闭音节重读闭音节重读闭音节重读闭音节,双写辅音字母双写辅音字母双写辅音字母双写辅音字母-er/est-er/est thin-thinner-thinnestthin-thinner-thinnest4.已辅音字母已辅音字母已辅音字母已辅音字母+y+y结尾结尾结尾结尾 去去去去y y变变变变I-er/estI-er/est busy-busier-busiestbusy-busier-busiest5.多音节形容词多音节形容词more/mostmore/most Relaxed-more relaxed-most relaxestRelaxed-more relaxed-most relaxestNote:good-better-best bad-worse-worst第十六页，本课件共有91页2.描述技能和兴趣 常用结构如下：常用结构如下：*to to be be good good(better)(better)atat 表表示示“在在擅擅长长（更更擅擅长长）”。例如：。例如：John John is good at training.training.Mary Mary is better at training training than than him.him.约翰擅长于搞培训，玛丽比他做得更好。*to to be be bad bad(worse)(worse)atat 表表示示“在在能能力力差差（能能力力更差）更差）”。例如：。例如：I I am bad at am bad at spelling,but he spelling,but he is worse than me.than me.我拼写能力差，他比我还差。我拼写能力差，他比我还差。第十七页，本课件共有91页*to to be be(more/less)(more/less)interested interested inin 表表示示“对对做做某某事事更更感兴趣感兴趣/较少感兴趣较少感兴趣”。如：John is is more more interested interested inin playing playing on on the the computer than I puter than I am.玩电脑游戏约翰比我更感兴趣。玩电脑游戏约翰比我更感兴趣。John John is is more more interested interested inin computers computers than than I I am.am.约翰对计算机比我更感兴趣。约翰对计算机比我更感兴趣。Mary Mary is is less less interested interested inin computers computers than than John John(is).(is).玛丽不如约翰对计算机感兴趣。玛丽不如约翰对计算机感兴趣。*to to be be(more/less)(more/less)experienced experienced atat 表示“在更有更有/较少有经验较少有经验”。例如：She She is is more more experienced experienced atat training than he(is).她比他在搞培训上更有经验。她比他在搞培训上更有经验。MaryMary is less experienced atis less experienced at website design website design than John(is).than John(is).玛丽在网页设计方面不如约翰有经验。玛丽在网页设计方面不如约翰有经验。第十八页，本课件共有91页3.现在进行时表示将来 现现现现在在在在进进进进行行行行时时时时除除除除表表表表示示示示现现现现在在在在外外外外，还还还还可可可可以以以以表表表表示示示示最最最最近近近近的的的的将将将将来来来来即即即即将将将将发发发发生生生生的的的的事事事事情情情情，常常常常有有有有“意意意意图图图图、打打打打算算算算、安安安安排排排排或或或或计划计划计划计划”的含义的含义的含义的含义。例如：例如：SheShe is is stayingstaying in in France France from from Tuesday Tuesday till till Thursday.Thursday.从星期二到星期四他将呆在法国。从星期二到星期四他将呆在法国。She She isnt isnt staying staying in in Toulouse.Toulouse.她不准备呆在图卢兹。Is Is she she coming coming back back to to London London on on Thursday?Thursday?她是星期四回伦敦吗？她是星期四回伦敦吗？When is she flying for Paris?When is she flying for Paris?她将什么时候她将什么时候飞往巴黎？飞往巴黎？第十九页，本课件共有91页Shes staying in France from Tuesday till Thursday.Childrens Day is coming.Tom is leaving for（目的地）Shanghai.动身到上海 P234 Activity 5-6趋向性的动词：go,come,leave,stay 计划好的事情或即将到来的第二十页，本课件共有91页1、表示数量“过多”和“足够”（too much,too many,enough）too much+不不不不可可可可数数数数名名名名词词词词和和和和too many+可可可可数数数数名名名名词词词词表表表表示示示示事事事事物物物物的的的的量量量量过过过过多多多多，enough表表示示量量“足足够够”，not not enoughenough表表表表示数量不够。示数量不够。示数量不够。示数量不够。如：如：We We havehave too too muchmuch cheese in the fridge.冰冰箱箱里里的的奶酪太多了。（不必再买了）奶酪太多了。（不必再买了）Weve Weve gotgot too too manymany things things to to do.do.我我们们要要干干的的事事情情太多了。（干不过来）太多了。（干不过来）There is There is enoughenough wine.酒够用。酒够用。There arent arent enoughenough apples apples in in one one bag.bag.一袋子苹果不够用。第二十一页，本课件共有91页enough enough 还可以用作表语还可以用作表语还可以用作表语还可以用作表语。如：。如：Thirty-five will be enough.三三十十五五个个就就够够用用了。了。Will twelve kilos be Will twelve kilos be enoughenough?十二公斤够吗？十二公斤够吗？Note:enough 修饰名词放前面（一般），也可放后面如time enough或enough time修饰形容词往往放在后面，如old enough第二十二页，本课件共有91页2、一般将来时 *一般将来时可用来预测可能发生的事情一般将来时可用来预测可能发生的事情，如：如：How much How much will we need?we need?我们会需要多少？我们会需要多少？Will Will we need 15 kilos?we need 15 kilos?我们需要我们需要15公斤吗？WeWell ll need 15 kilos,I think.我想我们得需要1515公斤。公斤。WeWe wontwont need need to to order order more.more.我我们们没没必必要要再再预预定更多了。定更多了。*一一一一般般般般将将将将来来来来时时时时可可可可以以以以表表表表示示示示单单单单纯纯纯纯的的的的将将将将要要要要存存存存在在在在的的的的状状状状态态态态或或或或事实事实事实事实。如：如：ThatThat willwill be 50.be 50.价钱为价钱为5050磅。How muchHow much willwill that cost?that cost?那要多少钱？那要多少钱？Molly Molly willwill be there?Molly 会在这儿的。会在这儿的。第二十三页，本课件共有91页3、带双宾语的动词 V V可分为可分为Vt.(Vt.(及物动词）和及物动词）和Vi.(Vi.(不及物动词）不及物动词）VtVt宾语，宾语，ViVi不能直接加宾语不能直接加宾语 Eg:Im writing.(Vi)Eg:Im writing.(Vi)Hes writing a letter.(Vt)Hes writing a letter.(Vt)listen to the teacher look at the blackboard listen to the teacher look at the blackboard*英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语。英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语。英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语。英语中有些动词可以带两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语。Activity 11Activity 11种有这样一个句子：种有这样一个句子：Ill make Ill make it it for for youyou.这句话中这句话中动词动词makemake的直接宾语是的直接宾语是it it,表示动作的直接结果；间接宾语表示动作的直接结果；间接宾语是是youyou,表示动作的目标。例如：表示动作的目标。例如：Ill Ill writewrite the the confirmation confirmation for for youyou now.now.我我现现在在就就把把确确认认信信给给你写好。你写好。Can you Can you sendsend it it to Joeto Joe?你能把这个发给你能把这个发给JoeJoe吗？吗？第二十四页，本课件共有91页 *间间间间接接接接宾宾宾宾语语语语通通通通常常常常置置置置于于于于直直直直接接接接宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之前前前前，如如如如将将将将间间间间接接接接宾宾宾宾语语语语置置置置于于于于直直直直接接接接宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之后后后后，则则则则需需需需使使使使用用用用介介介介词词词词toto或或或或forfor引引出出间间接接宾宾语语。间间接宾语的位置变化不改变句子的意义。接宾语的位置变化不改变句子的意义。如：如：Ill give theIll give the man the book.我会给那个人这本书。Ill give the book book toto the the manman.我会把这本书给那个人。我会把这本书给那个人。Note:give sb.Sth.=give sth.to sb.give sb.Sth.=give sth.to sb.(lend,bring,send,take,tell,write,etc.)(lend,bring,send,take,tell,write,etc.)make/buy sb.Sth=make/buy sth.for sb.ask for/pay for sth for sb.=ask/pay sb.for sth.ask for/pay for sth for sb.=ask/pay sb.for sth.第二十五页，本课件共有91页*如如直直接接宾宾语语和和间间接接宾宾语语都都为为代代词词，需需使使用用介介词词to或或for引出间接宾语。引出间接宾语。Ill give it to him.Ill get it for him.但但是是当当直直接接宾宾语语为为不不定定代代词词时时，直直接接宾宾语语既既可可以以置置于于间间接接宾宾语语之之前前，也也可可以以置置于于间间接接宾宾语之后语之后。I can get some for you.I can get you some.第二十六页，本课件共有91页*我们学过的可带双宾语的动词我们学过的可带双宾语的动词我们学过的可带双宾语的动词我们学过的可带双宾语的动词:ask for sth from sb,ask sb for sth ask for sth from sb,ask sb for sth 向某人索要某物向某人索要某物 bring sth to sb,bring sb sth bring sth to sb,bring sb sth 带给某人某物带给某人某物 buy sth for sb,buy sb sth buy sth for sb,buy sb sth 为某人买某物为某人买某物 give sth to sb,give sb sth give sth to sb,give sb sth 给某人某物给某人某物 lend sth to sb,lend sb sth lend sth to sb,lend sb sth 借给某人某物借给某人某物 make sth for sb,make sb sth make sth for sb,make sb sth 为某人做某物为某人做某物 pay for sth from sb,pay sb for sth pay for sth from sb,pay sb for sth 为某物替为某物替/向某人付款向某人付款 read sth to sb,read sb sth read sth to sb,read sb sth 为某人阅读某物为某人阅读某物 send sth to sb,send sb sth send sth to sb,send sb sth 给某人送去某物给某人送去某物 take sth to sb,take sb sth take sth to sb,take sb sth 给某人拿去某物给某人拿去某物 tell sth to sb,tell sb sth tell sth to sb,tell sb sth 告诉某人某事告诉某人某事 write sth to sb,write sb sth write sth to sb,write sb sth 给某人写某物给某人写某物 第二十七页，本课件共有91页4、动作、事件发生的频率 *次数次数次数次数+a day/week/month/year+a day/week/month/year表示表示表示表示“每天每天每天每天/周周周周/月月月月/年年年年次次次次”，如：如：I meet him almostI meet him almost twice a daytwice a day in the lift.in the lift.我几乎每天在电梯里见到他两次。我几乎每天在电梯里见到他两次。I have an English class I have an English class once a weekonce a week.我每周有一次英语课。我每周有一次英语课。I