2022高考英语一轮复习-Module2课件-外研版必修222.ppt

Module 2No Drugs 漫画欣赏 画面描述 A young man is running toward the end of a race，sweating all over.The end line leaves a deep impression on us，for it is both“finish line”and“starting line”if we look at it from a different angle.第一页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。寓意理解 Achievement calls for celebration.But life is just like an endless race.An ambitious person will well realize that his success is the starting point for a new race.重 点 单 词1addictive adj.使人上瘾的；(药物等)上瘾的；上了的瘾The problem with video games is that theyre addictive.电子游戏的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。剑桥高阶Smoking can be addictive.吸烟容易上瘾。你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120词左右的小短文？第二页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【思维拓展】addiction n(药物等的)上瘾；沉溺，热衷，专心heroin addiction海洛因毒瘾addict vt.使沉迷，使沉溺，使上瘾(常用于被动语态)be addicted to.沉迷于，对上瘾be/become addictive to.沉迷于，对上瘾【温馨提示】(1)和addicted/addiction连用的to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。(2)addicted不能作定语，可作表语和补足语，其逻辑主语是有行为能力的人或动物。addictive可作定语、表语和补足语，作定语时，被修饰语通常是事物；作表语和补足语时，主语一般也是事物。第三页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用Once one is _ to cocaine cigarette，its not easy for him to kick it off.Aattracted Babsorbed Cdevoted Daddicted解析：句意：“一个人一旦对可卡因烟上瘾，就不容易戒掉。”考查be addicted to.对上瘾。答案：D2reduce vt.减少，缩小；降低；使陷入某种更坏的状态We bought a television that was reduced(form 500 to 350)in the sales.我们在大减价时，以(从500英镑减至350英镑)很便宜的价格买了台电视。剑桥高阶The fire reduced the forest to a few trees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树。第四页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【用法点睛】reduce表示“减少，降低”时，常接介词from.to/by等表示“从降低到；降低了”；表示“使陷入某种更坏的状态”时，构成“reduce sb./sth.to.”结构，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。reduce sb.to tears/silence使某人流泪/沉默reduce sb.to doing sth.迫使某人做某事【特别提示】increase与by连用表示“增加了多少”；与to连用则表示“增加到多少”。reduce是increase的反义词。与by连用表示“减少了多少”；与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。第五页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用汉译英今年吸烟的人数已减少了30%。The number of smokers has been reduced by 30%.现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。Now the cost of a bike has been reduced to 50 dollars.大雨过后，那河里的水上涨了20厘米。After the heavy rain the water in the river increased by 20 centimetres.那小村庄的人口已经增加到2 000人。The population of the village has increased to 2,000.3likely adj.可能的Its quite likely that well be in Spain this time next year.明年的这个时候我们很可能会在西班牙。剑桥高阶Shes very likely to ring me tonight.她很有可能今晚打电话给我。第六页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【轻巧辨析】possible/probable/likely(1)possible：强调客观上有可能，但也常常暗示“实际上希望很小”，常用句型为“It is possible for sb.to do sth.或It is possiblethat从句”。(注：作表语时不能用人作主语。)(2)probable：主要用来指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物,带有“大概，很可能”的意味，语气较possible强。常用的句式为：It is probablethat从句。(注：作表语时不用人或不定式作主语。)(3)likely：与probable意思相近。(既可用人也可用物作主语。)第七页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用用possible，probable，likely填空It is entirely possible for us to fulfill the task ahead of schedule.It is possible，though not probable，that he will accept these terms.You are likely young people.4disagree vi.不同意；不一致；不适宜；不适合Few people would disagree that something should be done to reduce the level of crime in the area.很少有人会不同意应采取行动减少该地区的犯罪。剑桥高阶I disagree with you about this.对于这件事我跟你意见不同。第八页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【思维拓展】disagree with.与不一致；不符合disagree with sb.on/about sth.(对某事)与某人意见不一致sth.disagree with sb.(气候、食物)(对人)不适合agree with sb.同意某人(某人的话)agree to同意(同意他人的观点、计划等)agree on同意(就达成一致)agreement n一致；同意；协定；协议即景活用In general，we always share the same opinion，but this time he _ me on that point.Adisagreed with Bdisagreed to Cagree with Dagree to解析：句意为：大体上，我们总是观点相同，但这一次关于这一点我们看法不同。答案：A第九页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。5affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭The entire country was affected by the drought.全国都受到了旱灾的影响。All the people in the room were affected to tears.屋里所有的人都被感动得流下了眼泪。Its a disease which affects mainly older people.这是一种主要侵扰老年人的疾病。剑桥高阶【思维拓展】be affected by被侵袭；被感动be affected by heat中暑be affected with high fever发高烧affection n爱情；感情 第十页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【轻巧辨析】affect/effect/influence三个词都有“影响”的意思。(1)affect指“产生的影响之大足以引起反应”，着重“影响”的动作，有时含有“对产生不利影响”的意思。(2)effect作“影响”讲时，通常用作名词，构成have an effect on“对有影响”。effect作动词时，指“使(某事物)产生；使发生；引起”，着重“造成”一种特殊的效果，如This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。(3)influence指“通过说服、举例等对行动、思想、性格等产生不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响”。第十一页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用What you have done will not have _ your fame.Aa good effect on Baffected Ca good affect in Deffected解析：句意为“你所做的事将不会对你的名声有好的影响”。what youhave done为主语从句,have a good effect on表示“对有好的影响”。答案：A经 典 短 语1as a result由于，结果Profits have declined as a result of the recent drop in sales.由于最近销售量滑坡，利润下降了。剑桥高阶He didnt study hard and as a result，he failed in the exam.他不努力学习，结果考试不及格。第十二页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【思维拓展】as a result of(because of)由于，因为result from起因于，由于，由引起result in以为结果，导致without result徒劳，毫无结果with the result that为此，因此【用法点睛】as a result“因此，结果”，副词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子。as a result of由于/因为的缘故(相当于because of)第十三页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用The pain in his back _ from a fall several years ago.Adates Bends Cresults Dis due解析：句意为：“他背部的疼痛是由于几年前的跌伤。”result from是固定搭配，意为“由于；因为”；be due to表示原因，而不是be due from。答案：C2used to过去常常She used to love cats but one attacked her and she doesnt like them anymore.她过去很喜欢猫，但自从被一只猫袭击过后，就再也不喜欢猫了。剑桥高阶He used to come to see me once a month.他过去每月来看我一次。第十四页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【温馨提示】(1)否定式。used to do sth.的否定式有两种形式：used not(usednt)to do sth.didnt use to do sth.He didnt use to(usednt to)like country music，but now he is getting interested.(2)疑问式。used to do sth.的疑问式也有两种形式。其简短回答中的to通常不予省略，但动词原形常被省略。Didsb.(主语)use to do sth.？Usedsb.(主语)to do sth.?Did he use to play basketball?Used he to play basketball?【轻巧辨析】used to do sth./be used to do sth./be used to sth.(doing sth.)(1)used to do sth.意为“过去经常做某事(但现在已不如此)”，其中的to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。(2)be used to do sth.被用来做(3)be used to sth./doing sth.习惯于第十五页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【特别提醒】used to do表示过去常发生的动作或存在的状态，同时隐含“现在已经改变”的意思。would do sth.表示过去经常发生,现在也可能经常发生，只能与动作动词连用。I used to live in the countryside.我过去常住在农村。She would say“No pains，no gains”when she was a teacher.当她是一位老师时，她常说：“不劳无获”即景活用汉译英他已习惯早起。He is used to getting up early.他以前不常喝酒。He didnt use to drink/He used not to drink.第十六页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。我现在不抽烟，以前是抽的。I dont smoke these days，but I used to.劝他只是白费力气的。Its no use advising him.3break into破门而入，强行闯入；突然起来My cars been broken into twice this month.这个月我车上的东西两次被盗。剑桥高阶As the presidents car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.当总统的汽车到达时，人群中爆发出了热烈的掌声。【轻巧辨析】break into与break in都有“闯入”之意，但break into是及物动词短语，后需要加宾语,而break in为不及物动词短语。另外break into还有“突然，一下子”之意，和burst into类似，而break in还表示“插嘴，插进来说”等意思。第十七页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【思维拓展】break构成的短语你还知道哪些？break away from脱离(政党等)，打破(陈套等)break down出毛病，不运转；垮掉；失败；使分解break the law犯法break off中断，折断，突然停止break out突发，爆发break up打碎，破碎，分裂break with与绝交，结束即景活用Shall we _ our discussion and have some tea or coffee，please?Abreak off Bbreak down Cbreak into Dbreak out解析：break off停止，中断。答案：A第十八页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。重 要 句 型1Whatever youre doing when you want to smokedo something else！当你想抽烟时，无论你在做什么，停下来去做点其它的事！whatever在本句是连接代词，相当于no matter what，引导让步状语从句。Whatever you will say，Ill have a try.No matter what you will say，Ill have a try.无论你说什么，我都要试一试。Whatever happens，you mustnt lose heart.No matter what happens，you mustnt lose heart.不管发生什么，你一定不要气馁。第十九页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【特别提醒】wherever，whenever，whoever，however都可引导让步状语从句。Whoever phones，tell him Im out.无论谁打电话来都说我出去了。Whichever day you come，well be pleased to see you.不论你哪天来，我们都欢迎。However you do it，it will take at least two days.无论你怎么做，都得两天的时间。Wherever you go，Ill go with you.无论你去哪里，我都跟着你。第二十页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。即景活用用whatever，however与no matter what填空 Whatever I have is at your service.However hard he works，he cant satisfy the boss.No matter what happens，keep calm.2It was such loud music that we couldnt hear ourselves speak.音乐声太大我们听不见自己说话。such.that.“如此以致”可用来引导结果状语从句。It was such fine weather that we all wanted to go swimming.天气这么好以致我们都想去游泳。It was such a loud song that we couldnt hear ourselves.这首歌太吵了，我们都听不见自己的声音了。第二十一页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【轻巧辨析】so.that/such.that(1)such为形容词，一般用来修饰名词，常构成如下结构：such thatone(no，any，all，many，some，several等)such可数名词that从句(2)so.that.引导结果状语从句，其意思为“如此以至于”。so是副词，后跟形容词或副词，常构成如下结构：so that+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+adj./adv.+many/few+复数名词+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词+much/little+不可数名词第二十二页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【特别提醒】so/such.that.句型中，当so/such置于句首时，句子要用倒装，即把助动词/情态动词/系动词提到主语之前。So tired was he that he fell asleep as soon as he lay down.他太累了，以至于一躺下就睡着了。即景活用It is _ work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.Aa so unusual Bsuch an unusual Cso unusual Dsuch unusual解析：本题考查such/so.that.结构和work(作品；艺术品)的用法。用so应为“so unusual a work of art”；用such应为“such an unusual workof art”，故选B项。答案：B第二十三页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。3I couldnt agree more.我完全同意。“cant/couldnt.比较级”表示“非常”，不能再(表达最高级的含义)是肯定意思，上句意思相当于“I completely agree.”。在这个句型中，more前加any，可以用来加强语气。His work cant be worse.他干的活真是糟透了。I couldnt feel happier.我高兴极了。They couldnt have done it any better.他们做得非常好。即景活用Go for a picnic this weekend，OK?_.I love getting close to nature.AI couldnt agree more BIm afraid notCI believe not DI dont think so解析：句意：“周末去野餐，好吗？”“我再同意不过了，我喜欢走进大自然。”考查比较级的否定式，表最高级。答案：A第二十四页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。高 考 经 典 解 读【例1】The Great Wall is _ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.(2009上海，28)Aso a wellknown Ba so wellknown Csuch wellknown a Dsuch a wellknown【解题方法指导】考查so/such.that结构。在so/such.that结构中，so可以 用“soadj.a(n)单数名词”结构，而such则用“sucha(n)adj.单 数名词”结构。答案：D教材原文对照It was such loud music that we couldnt hear ourselves speak.(P16)第二十五页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【例2】A notice was _ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time.Asent up Bgiven up Cset up Dput up【解题方法指导】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：张贴通知是为了提醒 同学们演讲时间的变动。put up张贴，建立；send up发射，发出；give up放弃，停止；set up创立，建立。答案：D教材原文对照The government put up the price of cigarettes in order to stop people buying them.(P14)第二十六页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。阅读理解题型攻略主旨题 主旨题主要考查学生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。这类题目主要考查基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。旨在考查考生是否掌握了所读文章的主要内容或主旨。主旨归纳题题型通常有三种，一种是提问全文的中心思想、主旨大意，题干中通常有main idea，subject等；另一种是给全文加标题，就是最适合的题目是什么，题干中通常有topic，title等；第三种情况是提问purpose。现将高考阅读理解主旨大意题，根据题干形式列举如下：(1)Main(ly)型：考查学生选择表达作者思想、观点的句子。常见题型如：What is this passage mainly about?What is the text mainly about?What is mainly discussed in the text?What is the passage mainly about?The text is mainly about _.The main idea of the passage is that _.What is the main idea of this passage?第二十七页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。(2)Title型：要求考生选出概括文章主题的标题(title)、主题(subject)或论题(topic)等。常见题型如：What would be the best title for the text?What is the best title for the passage?Which of the following would be the best title for the text？Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?(3)Purpose型：主要考查作者的写作目的。常见题型如：What is the purpose of the text?What is the main purpose of the text?The main purpose of Steve Minears writing is _.第二十八页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。做主旨归纳题应注意的几个问题1如果首段首句是疑问句或是单独的一个句子，此句一般是全文的中 心思想。2如果首段以举例的形式出现，中心思想一般在第二段。3主题的概括应有“度”，既不能过于笼统，也不能以偏概全，更不 能是无关内容。【典例1】Its not easy being a teenager(13至19岁青少年)nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager.You can make your child feel angry，hurt，or misunderstood by what you say without realizing it yourself.It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow while gently letting him know that youll still be there for him when he needs you.第二十九页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。Expect a lot from your child，just not everything.Except for health and safety problems，such as drug use or careless driving，consider everything else open to discussion.If your child is unwilling to discuss something，dont insist he tell you whats on his mind.The more you insist，the more likely that hell clam_up.Instead，let him attempt to solve(解决)things by himself.At the same time，remind him that youre always there for him should he seek advice or help.Show respect for your teenagers privacy(隐私)Never read his mail or listen in on personal conversations.Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family.If your child talks on the familys telephone for too long，tell him he can talk for 15 minutes，but then he must stay off the phone for at least an equal period of time.This not only frees up the line so that other family members can make and receive calls，but teaches your teenager moderation(节制).Or if you are open to the idea，allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own pocket money or a parttime job.(2009全国，D篇)第三十页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【注】这不仅腾出了电话，以便让其他家庭成员都能使用，也教会了家里的青少年节制。该句为复合句。not only.but(also).，不仅，还/也；so that引起目的状语从句。free up，“腾出，空出”。The main purpose of the text is to tell parents_.A.how to get along with a teenager Bhow to respect a teenager Chow to understand a teenager Dhow to help a teenager grow up 答案：D 点拨：主旨大意题。本文是一篇议论文，给父母提供了教育孩子方面 的建议：尊重孩子隐私，教会孩子节制。第一段最后一句即主题句，再通读全文可以确定本文主旨是帮助青少 年成长，故选D项。第三十一页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。【典例2】I love charity(慈善)shops and so do lots of other people in Britain because you find quite a few of them on every high street.The charity shop is a British institution，selling everything from clothes to electric goods，all at very good prices.You can get things you wont find in the shops anymore.The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to a good cause and not into the pockets of profitdriven companies，and you are not damaging the planet，but finding a new home for unwanted goods.The first charity shop was opened in 1947 by Oxfam.The famous charitys appeal to aid postwar Greece had been so successful that it had been flooded with donations(捐赠物)They decided to set up a shop to sell some of these donations to raise money for that appeal.Now there are over 7,000 charity shops in the UK.My favourite charity shop in my hometown is the Red Cross shop，where I always find childrens books，all 10 or 20 pence each.第三十二页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。Most of the people working in the charity shops are volunteers，although there is often a manager who gets paid.Over 90%of the goods in the charity shops are donated by the public.Every morning you see bags of unwanted items outside the front of shops，although they dont encourage this，rather ask people to bring things in when the shop is open.The shops have very low running costs：all profits go to charity work.Charity shops raise more than$100 million a year,funding(帮助)medical research，overseas aid，supporting sick and poor children，homeless and disabled people，and much more.What better place to spend your money？You get something special for a very good price and a good moral sense.You provide funds to a good cause and tread lightly on the environment.第三十三页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。43Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?AWhat to Buy at Charity Shops BCharity Shop：Its Origin&Development CCharity Shop：Where You Buy to Donate DThe Publics Concern about Charity Shops 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一句点明主题，下文对慈善店做了进一步 的解释,介绍了慈善店的经营和管理等。所以B项最能概括本文主题。答案：B 点击此处进入 能力闯关第三十四页，编辑于星期四：二十二点 三十六分。