2005--2011年高考英语(山东卷)完形填空试题评析8708.pdf

2005 年高考英语（山东卷）完形填空 2005 年高考英语山东卷的完形填空题是一篇叙议结合的记叙文，文章难易适中，贴近生活，富有品位，寓意深刻。在这篇文章里，作者通过记述父亲鼓励“我”要努力，教育“我”如何与别人相处，最终允许“我”弃学办杂志等几件事，塑造了一位教子有方的好父亲的形象：既对子女严格要求，又通情达理、善解人意，尊重子女的选择。作者字里行间洋溢着对父亲的尊重与爱戴，把父亲的教诲奉为人生的信条，并秉承父亲的教育子女的方式，一位教子有方、通情达理的活生生的好父亲的形象跃然纸上，读后不禁让人对这位父亲肃然起敬。下面就针对各空具体分析一下。(试题保留了原来的题号)My sister and I grew up in a little village in England.Our father was a struggling _36_，but I always knew he was _37_.He never criticized us,but used _38_ to bring out our best.Hed say,“If you pour water on flowers,they flourish.If you dont give them water,they die.”I _39_ as a child I said something _40_ about somebody,and father said,“_41_ time you say something unpleasant about somebody else,its a reflection of you.”He explained that I looked for the best _42_ people,I would get the best _43_.From then on Ive always tried to _44_ the principle in my life and later in running my company.Dads also always been very _45_.At 15,I started a magazine.It was _46_ a great deal of time,and the headmaster of my school gave me a _47_:stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.I decided to leave,and Dad tried to sway me from my decision,_48_ any good father would.When he realized I had made up my mind,he said,“Richard,when I was 23,my dad _49_ me to go into law.And Ive _50_ regretted it.I wanted to be a biologist,_51_ I didnt purse my _52_.You know what you want.Go fulfill it.”As _53_ turned out,my little publication went on to become Student,a nation _54_ for young people in the U.K.My wife and I have two children,and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way Dad _55_ me.36.A.biologist B.manager C.layer D.gardener 37.A.strict B.honest C.special D.learned 38.A.praise B.courage C.power D.warmth 39.A.think B.imagine C.remember D.guess 40.A.unnecessary B.unkind C.unimportant D.unusual 41.A.Another B.Some C.Any D.Other 42.A.on B.in C.at D.about 43.A.in case B.by turns C.by chance D.in return 44.A.revise B.set C.review D.follow 45.A.understanding B.experienced C.serious D.demanding 46.A.taking up B.making up C.picking up D.keeping up 47.A.suggestion B.decision C.notice D.choice 48.A.and B.as C.even if D.as if 49.A.helped B.allowed C.persuaded D.suggested 50.A.always B.never C.seldom D.almost 51.A.rather B.but C.for D.therefore 52.A.promise B.task C.belief D.dream 53.A.this B.he C.it D.that 54.A.newspaper B.magazine C.program D.project 55.A.controlled D.comforted C.reminded D.raised 答案及解析：36.C 从下文 my dad persuaded me to go into law 可知作者从事的是法律工作，应该是一个lawyer（律师）。37.C 根据上下文，父亲虽是一个为生计而奋斗的律师，但他教育孩子的方式却很特别(special):从不批评，而是赞扬，通情达理，允许“我”弃学办杂志。38.A 前一句说他从不批评我们，后一句用 but 转折，显然要选的词应该与 criticize 词义相反，故选 praise。39.C 作者应该是“记得”小时候说过什么话，而不是认为（think），想象（imagine），或猜想(guess)。40.B 从上下文看，要选的词与下文的 unpleasant 同义，选项中只有 unkind 与之同义，表示“使人不愉快的，苛刻的”。41.C 任何时候说了使别人不愉快的事情，都是对自己的反映。42.B in 意为“在身上”，本句意思是说在人身上寻找最好的东西。43.D in return 作为回报；in case 以防万一；by turns 轮流，依次；by chance 碰巧。如果你从别人身上寻找最好的东西，那么同样你也会得到最好的东西。44.D follow the principle 遵循这一原则。45.A understanding 谅解的，通情达理的。从下文父亲最终允许“我”弃学办杂志看，父亲是通情达理、善解人意的。46.A take up time 占据时间；make up 编造，组成；pick up 捡起，接收（节目），接人等；keep up 继续，维持。47.D 从 stay in school or leave to work on my magazine 可知，校长让我作出一个选择(choice)。48.B 根据上下文看，前后句是因果关系，因为任何父亲都会这样做的。49.C 从下文可知，父亲 regretted it,他没有实现自己的梦想，说明父亲的父亲已经成功地说服了（persuaded）父亲从事法律行业。50.A 因为父亲想成为一个 biologist,却被说服当了一个 lawyer,所以应是“一直”（always）后悔。51.B 想当 biologist 却没有实现自己的梦想，前后句之间应为转折关系故选 but。52.D 53.C as it turned out 结果是，正如结果那样，it 代替后面的那句话。54.B 前文已提到 I started a magazine。55.D 从本句的句式结构看，使用了 the same way,要选的词与 bring up 同义，故选 raise,抚养，养育。另外，今年山东的这篇高考完形填空题还有一个很大的特点，那就是很多空要根据上下文 才能做出正确的选择，例如：第 36，37，40，43，45，47，54，55 空等。特别是第 36 空，不读到最后是无法选择的。这也给广大考生一个很重要的启示:要做好“完形填空”，必须紧紧抓住上下文语境，充分利用上下文语境所提供的线索。上下文语境包括选择项与所在句子中的语义联系，所在句与周围句群的关系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及与文章主题思想的关系等。有些选项根据上下文就能比较容易地选出，而有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能做出正确判断。2006 年山东卷完型填空 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从 3655 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。One summer day my father sent me to buy wire for our farm.At 16,I liked 36 better than driving our truck,37 this time I was not happy.My father had told me Id have to ask for credit（赊账）at the stores.Sixteen is a 38 ago,when a young man wants respect,not charity.It was 1976,and the ugly 39 of racial discrimination was 40 a fact of life.Id seen my friends ask for credit and than stand,head down,while the store owner 41 whether they were“good for it.”I know black youths just like me who were 42 like thieves by the store clerk each time they went into a grocery.My family was 43 .We paid our debts.But before harvest,cash was short.Would the store owner 44 us?At Davids store,Buck Davis stood behind the cash desk,talking to a farmer.I nodded 45 I passed him on my way to the hardware shelves.When I brought my 46 to the cash desk.I said 47 ,“I need to put this our credit.”The farmer gave me an amused,distrustful 48 .But Bucks face didnt change,“Sure.he said 49 .“Your daddy is 50 good for it.”He 51 to the other man.“This here is one of James Williamss sons.”The farmer nodded in a neighborly 52 .I was filled with pride.James Williamss son.These three words had opened a door to an adults respect and trust.That day I discovered that the good name my parents had 53 brought our whole family the respect of our neighbors,Everyone knew what to 54 from a Williams;a decent person who kept his word and respected himself 55 much to do wrong.36Asomething Bnothing Canything Deverything 37Aand Bso Cbut Dfor 38Aprideful Bwonderful Crespectful Dcolorful 39Aintention Bshadow Chabit Dfaith 40Athus Bjust Cstill Dever 41Aguessed Bsuspected CquestionedDfigured 42Awatched Bcaught Cdismissed Daccused 43Agenerous Bhonest Cfriendly Dmodest 44Ablame Bexcuse Ccharge Dtrust 45Auntil Bas Ccause Dsince 46Apurchases Bsales Corders Dfavorites 47Acasually Bconfidently Ccheerfully Dcarefully 48Alook Bstare Cresponse Dcomment 49Apatiently Beagerly CeasilyDproudly 50Agenerally Bnever Csometimes Dalways 51Apainted Breplied Cturned Dintroduced 52Asense Bway Cdegree Dmood 53Aearned Bdeserved Cgiven Dused 54Areceive Bexpect Ccollect Drequire 55Avery Bso Chow Dtoo 这是一篇记叙文，说的是一个男孩到商店里赊账，因为他父母的诚信而受到店主和另外一名顾客的尊重，由此感觉到诚信的重要性。36 B 比较级与否定式连用常表示最高级的含义。I like nothing better than driving our truck:I like driving our truck best.37.C.上下文逻辑联系。以往都喜欢，但这次不行。38A 39A根据上下文可知有一些人有种族歧视的意图。40C种族歧视的倾向仍然是一个事实。41C.店主询问他们是否有信誉的时候，他们低着头。此题易误选 B，根据上下文，应该是被盘问更好一些。42A根据下文是被当着小偷一样地监视。43B根据下文：we paid our debts,以及下一节中提到的店主对我们的信任可以推断。44D根据上下文可知：信任我们 45B当我从他身边走过时，我点点头。46A所购之物。47D因为要赊账，怕店主不同意，当然要小心翼翼的了。48A农夫给我一个我觉得好笑，不信任的表情。49Ceasily 在这里表示：毫无疑问地，肯定地。Its easily the best play I have seen this year.这无疑是我今年看过的最好的戏。50D爸爸总是很讲信用 51C 52B农夫用一种友好的方式对我点点头。53A我父母所挣得的好名声。54.B.大家都知道从一个 William 家人身上可以期待什么。不是得到什么东西，而是期望看到一些优秀的品质。55D.一个很自尊而不会做错事情的人。2007 年山东高考英语卷完形填空 生活充满了挑战（life is filled with challenge）生活充满了挑战。当我们逐渐老去时，我们就能意识到那些挑战对于塑造自我是多么的重要。来自于友情的挑战也是如此。当我们面对挑战时，通常只有两种选择。我们可以尽力去击退它，或者，我们能决定：它们不值得麻烦我们，并且把它们置若无物。即使是有时间，对于我们该不管的事，放弃是最正确的。在大多数情况下，我们只需要承诺和交流。承诺去做某件事，意味着无论它多么令人痛苦或者令人不堪忍受，我们也将总是选择去面对它并且完满地把它做好，而不是放弃、逃避！交流提供了讨论的空间，并且当你反对那些只会说别人做错了什么的人时，可以表达你的感受。如果你能对一个朋友说“我的心里很痛”而不是说“你伤害了我”，那么这就说明你将会很快地学会解决这类麻烦。在解决这类友情带给你的挑战时，你应该尽力去判断出它们的本质：它们是在你生命的旅程中需要克服的或跨越的小的障碍。没有什么会大得让你无法克服。痛只是为我们服务，让我们更加强大。它们都是成长中的一部分，每个人都会遇到诸如此类的问题。在将来的某一天，当你回首往事时，你将会说：“虽然那很困难，但是它们使我认识了今天的自己。那是一件好事。下附原题与解析：Life is filled with challenges.As we get older we _36 realize that those challenges are the very things that 37 us and make us who we are.It is the same with the challenges that come with 38.When we are fared with a challenge,we usually have two 39.We can try to beat it off,or we can decide that the thing 40 the challenge isnt worth the _41 and call it quits.Although there are certainly 42 when calling it quits is the right thing to do,in most 43 all that is needed is _44 and communication.When we are committed to something,it means that no matter how _45 or how uncomfortable something is,we will always choose to 46 it and work it through instead of running away from it.Communication is making a 47 for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong.48 you can say to a friend,“I got my feelings hurt,”49“You hurt my feelings,”you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.In dealing with the many challenges that friendship will bring to you,try to see them for 50 they are:small hurdles you need to jump or 51 on your way through life.Nothing is so big that it is _52 to get over,and hurt only _53 to make us stronger.Its all part of growing up,it _54 to everyone,and some day you will 55 all of this and say,“Hard as it was,it make me who I am today.And that is a good thing.”36Aseem to Bcome to Chope to Dtry to 37Adesign Bpromote Cdirect Dshape 38Aconfidence Bpressure Cfriendship Ddifficulty 39Aopportunities Bexpectations Cchoices Daspects 40Ademanding Bdeserving Cpredicting Dpresenting 41Acomment Bloss Ctrouble Dexpense 42Aspans Btimes Cdates Dages 43Acases Bfields Cparts Doccasions 44Aassessment Bcommitment Cencouragement Dadjustment 45Adoubtful Bshameful Charmful Dpainful 46Akeep Bcontrol Cface Dcatch 47Aspace Bplan Ctopic Droom 48AIf BAs CWhile DUnless 49Aother than Brather than Cor rather Dor else 50Awhat Bwho Cwhere Dwhich 51Apass by Bcome across Cget through Drun over 52Aunnecessary Bnecessary Cimpossible Dpossible 53Aserves Bmeans Caims Dattempts 54Aopens Bappeals Cgoes Dhappens 55Alock down on Blook back on Clook forward to Dlook up to 答案及解析：36.B。在语境中考查动词用法。come to do sth 表示“逐渐做某事”，强调变化的过程。对事物的认识就是 一个“逐渐明白”的渐进过程，与其前 get older（变老，长大）叙述逻辑一致。37.D。shape 的意思是“塑造、使成形状”，与后一句“make us who we are”表意一致。A 是强干扰项，要从语言搭配习惯排除，我们常说“塑造一个人”而不说“设计一个人”。（本空难）38.C。给的四个选项分别是：信心、压力、友谊、困难。至于选哪一个，单在这里无法确定，只有继续读下去，根据下文提到与友谊相关的挑战，可以确定此处选 C。39.C。作者在下文提出，面对挑战，你有两种“选择”：一种是接受挑战。另一种是退出挑战。40.D。presenting the challenge 意思是“提出挑战”，这里是现在分词短语作定语，修饰 the thing.其它三项虽 然也都是现在分词短语，但意义不符，故排除。此处 present 用了一个生僻词义，增加了选答案的难度。（本空难）41.C。看看不值得搭“麻烦”的话，就宣布退出。（本空难）42.B。面对挑战，要求退出，“有时”是正确的。times 意思是“时期、时候”。43.A。考查名词用法。in most cases 的意思是“在大多数情况下”。（短语不行的吃亏）44.B。前面的让步状语从句提到可以退出挑战，但强调，在多数“情况”下，面对挑战而要求退出，是不 容易被接受的，这需要“承担”舆论的各种说法，需要与方方面面沟通。45.D。所给四个选项意思分别是：可疑的、可耻的、有害的、痛苦的。为了与 or 后的uncomfortable（不舒服 的）意义对应，显然这里应取 D 项（痛苦的）46.C。根据 instead of 的意思，不是逃避而是要“面对”；it 指选择退出挑战后所要面对的问题。47.A。make a space for 意思是“为提供一个空间”。这句是说，注重沟通可以为展开讨论和谈论个人 感受提供一个合适的空间。48.A。考查从属连词的选用。表示条件，“假如，假设”的意思。49.B。这里假设了一种能较好地解决问题的措辞。显然作者认为“I got my feelings hurt,”比“You hurtmy feelings,”更委婉，更可取，故中间用 rather than 作取舍。50.A。for what they are 中“for what”是表语，意思是先要看看这些挑战对你有什么用，再决定所要采取的措施和态度。51.C。get through（通过）与 or 前的 jump（跳过）意义并列，其它选项词义皆不通，故排除。单词不行的吃亏。52.C。具有否定前缀的 unnecessary（不需要）和 impossible（不可能）与主语 Nothing（没什么事情）在语 言逻辑上一致，但从语境上可以排除 unnecessary，故选 C，意思是“没有什么东西大得不能解决”。53.A。hurt only serves to make us stronger 意思是（在成长过程中）“这类伤害只会使我们更加强大”。这 里 serve 作“对有用”解，这是一个较生僻的词义。本空极难。54.D。生活中的各类挑战，对我们每个人都有可能发生。按语境选 D。55.B。该短语是“回顾，回忆”的意思。当我们走过了一段岁月，再回首往事时，我们会在感慨中悟出人生的真谛：虽然面对生活中的挑战是很难的事情，但它实实在在地塑造了一个真我。生活中有挑战不是坏事。文章结尾招应首段，点明全文主题 2008 年高考英语（山东卷）完形填空试题评析 第二节 完型填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 36-55 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On August 26,1999,New York City experienced a terrible rainstorm.The rain caused the streets to _36_ and the subway system almost came to a stop.Unfortunately,this happened during the morning rush hour.Many people who were going to work were _37_ to go home.Some battled to _38_ a taxi or to get on a bus.Still others faced the _39_ bravely,walking miles to get to work.I _40_ to be one of the people on the way to work that morning.I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most _41_ had stopped.After making my way _42_ crowds of people,I finally found a subway line that was _43_.Unfortunately,there were so many people waiting to _44_ the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the _45_.So I took the train going in the opposite direction,and then switch back to the downtown train.Finally,after what seemed like an forever,the train _46_ my stop.Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain.When I finally got to my office,I was _47_ through,exhausted and _48_.My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off.When it was 5:00 pm，I was ready to go home.I was about to turn off my computer _49_ I received an email from Garth,my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and _ 50_ reported to work.It is always reassuring(令人欣慰),at times like these,when employees so clearly show their _51_ to their jobs.Thank you.Garth”s email was short,but I learned more from that _52_ message than I ever did from a textbook.The email taught me that a few words of _53_ can make a big difference.The rainstorm and the traffic _54_ had made me tied and upset.But Garth”s words immediately_55_ me and put a smile back on my face.36.A.break B.flood C.sink D.crash 37.A.forced B.refused C.adjusted D.gathered 38.A.order B.pay C.call D.search 39.A.climate B.scenery C.storm D.burden 40.A.used B.promised C.deserved D.happened 41.A.practice B.routine C.process D.service 42.A.to B.through C.over D.for 43.A.operating B.cycling C.turning D.rushing 44.A.check B.carry C.find D.board 45.A.street B.ground C.floor D.platform 46.A.paused B.crossed C.reached D.parked 47.A.wet B.weak C.sick D.hurt 48.A.ashamed B.discouraged C.surprised D.puzzled 49.A.while B.when C.where D.after 50.A.hardly B.casually C.absolutely D.eventually 51.A.devotion B.donation C.connection D.reaction 52.A.accurate B.urgent C.brief D.humorous 53.A.promise B.appreciation C.advice D.guidance 54.A.troubles B.signals C.rules D.signs 55.A.corrected B.supported C.amazed D.refreshed 解析：36.B flood 意为淹没。break 意为中断，断裂；sink:下沉，crash:碰撞,坠落,皆不合题意。37.A 由于暴雨，很多要上班的人被迫回家。sb.be forced to do:某人被迫做某事。refuse 意为拒绝，adjust:调整，校准，使适应，gather:聚集，集合。38.C call a taxi:叫出租车。order，命令，订购（货物等），点（菜）。39.C 从上文 a terrible rainstorm 可知是勇敢的面对暴风雨。climate 指气候，不是具体某天的天气。scenery：风景，景色；burden：担子，负担。40.D happen to be:碰巧是，表示“我碰巧是那天早晨上班赶路的人的其中之一”。其他三个选项都能和不定式 to do/be 搭配，但意思不符。used to be:曾经是，promise to do:许诺做，deserve to be:值得是,应受。41.D 我意外的发现大部分的地铁路线的服务都停了。practice：实践，练习。routine：常规；惯例；例行公事。process：过程，进程。42.B through 指从内部穿过。through crowds of people 意为穿过人群。43.A operate:运行，工作。表示“终于找到一条还在运行的地铁线”。44.D board the subway 意为：上地铁。board:上（船，车，飞机）。45.D 意为：有太多人等着上地铁以至于我甚至不能挤上去站台的楼梯。只有 platform 和 地铁有关。46.C 句意为：在过了好像一辈子那么久的时间后，火车终于到达了我（要到达）的站点。reach:及物动词，到达。pause:暂停,park：停车，都是不及物动词，不合题意。47.A 因为下着大雨，所以应是“我”全身湿透了。与虚弱，疾病，受伤都不相关。48.B 到达后的状态是精疲力竭的，气馁的，因为冒雨赶路的辛苦。ashamed 意为：羞愧的，惭愧的，surprised:吃惊的，puzzled:困惑的，不解的。都不合题意。49.B be about to dowhen 固定句型，意为：正要做这时，不能用其他词代替。50.D eventually 意为：最终，终于。“我”的上司感谢我们做出努力，最终来报到上班。hardly：几乎不，casually：随意地，absolutely：绝对地。51.A 句意为：有时候像这样，当员工们如此明显表现出他们对工作的忠于职守时，总是令人安慰的。devotion 意为：热爱，忠诚。donation：捐赠，connection：联系，reaction：反应。52.C 通过上文的 short 可看出，信息是简短的。accurate：准确的,精密的，urgent：紧急的，humorous：幽默的。53.B appreciation:感激，从上文可知上司给他写的是感谢信。意为“几句感谢的话有很大影响”。54.A 从上文中的找车，挤车可以看出是交通上的麻烦事，而不是交通信号或是规则。55D refresh 使精力恢复;使精神振作,通过下文的“put a smile back on my face”可选择，与上文的“tied and upset”相反。完形填空备考策略：完形填空一般从交待背景开始，依次推进，直至高潮，而后结局，环环相扣，条理十分清楚，层次异常分明。故在平时训练解答完形填空时，笔者认为以下策略值得注意 1.审题和解题时应遵循三个原则，即整体性原则、连贯性原则和先易后难原则。2.加强语感训练，知识的积累和能力的培养。3.加强对文章上下文语境及内在逻