2020年中考英语总复习基础语法：专题六形容词和副词(含答案)3814.pdf

专题六 形容词和副词 学前自测（发现考点）()1.They looked at the screen _,and all of them looked very _.A.careful;nervously B.carefully;nervous C.careful;nervous D.carefully;nervously()2.I am sorry this coat is not big enough.I want a _ one.A.bigger B.big C.small D.smaller()3.Mary has been ill in bed for a week.I wonder if she is _ now.A.much better B.some better C.any better D.very better()4.My brother cant speak English as _ as me,but he is _ at math than me.A.well;good B.well;better C.good;better D.good;well()5.My grandma told me a good story,but I told a _ one.A.good B.better C.best D.worse()6.The volunteer spoke as _ as she could to make visitors understand her.A.clearer B.clear C.clearly D.more clearly()7.Are you feeling better after seeing the doctor?Im afraid not.I am _ than yesterday.A.bad B.much worse C.more worse D.much more worse()8.Did Bobby do his best in the final exam?No,but of all the students he did _.A.most carefully B.much more careful C.much more carefully D.the most careful()9.Helen,can I wear a jeans and a T-shirt to the evening party?OK!But a dress might be _.A.good B.well C.better D.best()10.Hangzhou is one of _ I have ever seen.A.the more wonderful place B.the more wonderful places C.the most wonderful places D.the most wonderful place 常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一 形容词的用法及位置 1.形容词的用法(1)形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成份。Peter is tall.彼得个子高。(作表语)We must keep our room clean.我们必须保持我们的教室干净。(作宾补)She has short hair.她留短发。(作定语)(2)多个形容词修饰一个名词时,其顺序为:限定词(冠词、指示代词等)+数词+描述性形容词+大小、长短、高低等形容词+形状+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料性质+用途类别。a small round table 一张小圆桌,a dirty old brown shirt 一件又脏又旧的棕色衬衣 巧记:多个形容词作定语的顺序口诀 限定描述大长高,形状年龄与新老;颜色国籍出材料,用途类别往后靠。(3)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,谓语动词用复数,如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind 等。The poor are in great need of help.穷人们非常需要帮助。(4)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,谓语动词用复数,如:the British,the English,the French,the Chinese 等。The Chinese are hard-working.中国人是勤奋努力的。2.形容词的位置(1)形容词作定语时一般放在修饰词的前面。I think its an interesting book.我觉得这是一本有趣的书。(2)形容词修饰不定代词时放在不定代词之后。She has something important to tell us.她有重要的事情要告诉我们。考点二 副词的用法及位置 1.副词的功能及用法 副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。(1)作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全句。The students are working hard in school.学生们在学校努力学习。(2)作表语,多数与介词同形的副词以及一些表示位置的副词都可以用作表语。Im afraid I must be off now.恐怕我现在得走了。(3)作宾语补足语。I saw him out just now.刚才我看见他出去了。(4)作定语。The people here are hard-working.这里的人们是很勤劳的。2.副词的位置(1)修饰动词,多数位于动词之后,及物动词的宾语之后。She speaks English well.她英语说得很好。(2)频度副词(always,never,often 等)通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词、be 动词、助动词之后。但是 sometimes 位置较灵活,还可以放在句子的开头和结尾。My sister sometimes has lunch at school.=Sometimes my sister has lunch at school.=My sister has lunch at school sometimes.我姐姐有时候在学校吃午饭。(3)修饰形容词或副词,放在被修饰词之前。He has a very nice watch.他有一块非常漂亮的手表。(4)作表语,放在系动词后。She is out at the moment.此刻她在外面。(5)作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。Please have them in.请让他们进来。(6)修饰全句,放在句首。Perhaps/Maybe hes watching TV at home.也许他正在家里看电视。(7)enough 修饰形容词或副词放在形容词、副词之后。He is old enough to go to school.他足够大了能去上学了。考点三 形容词、副词比较级与最高级 1.构成(1)规则变化 构成 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单音词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big bigger biggest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est busy busier busiest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加 more,most 来构成比较级和最高级 important more important most important (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 2.用法(1)形容词比较等级的用法 比较 等级 用法 例句 原级 肯定句中用“as+原级形容词+as”的结构 My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.我的书法和你的一样好。否定句中用“not as/so+原级形容词+as”结构 Rose is not as/so tall as Mary.露丝没有玛丽高。比 较 级 两者之间的比较用“形容词比较级+than”You look much younger than I do.你看上去比我年轻多了。两者比较也可以用“the+比较级+of 短语(比较范围)”,表示“两者中较的那一个”It is the narrower of the two streets.这是两条街道中比较窄的一条。“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级”,表示“越来越”Our country is getting stronger and stronger.我们的国家变得越来越强大。“the+比较级 the+比较级”表示“越,越”The more difficult the problem is,the more careful we should be.问题越难,我们就越应小心。最 高 级 the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或 从句 Luke is the fastest runner of the three boys.鲁克是这三个男孩中跑得最快的。one of the+最高级,表示“是最之一”Qingdao is one of the most beautiful cities in China.青岛是中国最美丽的城市之一。比较级+than+any other+名词单数/anyone else/anything else 或比较级+than+all other+名 词复数表示最高级的含义 Time is more valuable than anything else.时间是最珍贵的东西。(2)副词比较等级的用法 比较 等级 用法 例句 原级 肯定句中用“as+原级副词+as”的结构 I love music as much as Betty does.我和贝蒂一样喜欢音乐。否定句中用“not as/so+原级副词+as”结构 She cant use the computer so/as well as you.她电脑没有你运用得好。用“times+as+原级副词+as”的形式表示倍数 This car runs three times as fast as that one.这辆车的行驶速度是那辆车的三倍。比 较 级 “副词的比较级+than”句式 She comes here less often than before.她不像以前那样经常来这里了。no+比较级 than和 not+比较级 than John speaks Chinese no more fluently than his younger brother.约翰汉语说得和他弟弟一样都不流畅。比较级+and+比较级 She plays the piano more and more beautifully.她钢琴弹得越来越好。the+比较级,the+比较级 The harder you work,the better you will learn.你越努力,学得就会越好。最高级(the)+副词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句 He talks(the)least and does(the)most in his class.他是班上说得最少干得最多的人。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择()1.Tom,do you know which month has _ days in a year?February.A.fewer B.the fewest C.less D.the least()2.I can _ believe that Linda won the competition.Me,too.She didnt prepare at all.A.hard B.hardly C.almost D.nearly()3.When winter comes,days get _.A.long and long B.short and short C.longer and longer D.shorter and shorter()4.You are not _ to carry the box.But I think I can.A.weak enough B.enough weak C.strong enough D.enough strong()5.Who is Jack?He is my _ brother.He is two years _ than me.A.elder;older B.older;older C.elder;elder D.older;elder()6.How can I improve my English?_ you work at it,_ progress you will make.A.The harder;the more B.The more hardly;the more C.The hardlier;the greater D.The harder;the great()7.Jacks pants are as _ as Jims.A.cheap B.cheaper C.the cheaper D.the cheapest()8.There is _ snow on the road.Yes,and it is _ cold today.A.too much;much too B.too much;too much C.much too;much too D.much too;too much()9.The result was so _.And we were all _ at the result.A.disappointed;disappointed B.disappointed;disappointing C.disappointing;disappointed D.disappointing;disappointing()10.Traffic is heavy and the price of oil is much _ than before so that many people go to work by bus instead.A.higher B.high C.expensive D.more expensive 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1.The team got the first place _(success).2.This box is heavy,but that one is _(heavy).3.We all feel _(excite)after hearing the news.4.Computers make it _(easily)for us to communicate with each other.5.My bike is _(expensive)than yours.6.I can speak French as _(good)as English.7.Alice was _(deep)moved by the love story.8.I am going to go abroad for a _(far)education.9.Do you know that Dr Jane is a _(wonder)doctor?10.My brother is the _(tall)of the three.答案：学前自测 1-5 BACBB 6-10 CBACC 巩固训练 一、1-5 BBDCA 6-10 AAACA 二、1.successfully 2.heavier 3.excited 4.easy 5.more expensive 6.well 7.deeply 8.further 9.wonderful 10.tallest