2121高中英语必修1同步单元测试题-Unit4NaturalDisasters(含解析)3413.pdf
Unit4 Natural Disasters 测试卷 （B 卷 提升篇）【人教版】学校：_班级：_姓名：_ 考号：_ 温馨提示：本试卷共分第卷和第卷两部分,第卷为选择题；第卷为非选择题；满分为 120 分,考试时间为 100 分钟。请同学们将答案写在答题卡上,务必注意你的书写。第卷 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分 50 分)第一节 (共 15 题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(湖北荆州北门中学 2019-2020 高一期中考试)PROBLEMS Alice:Yesterday,at the beginning of the chemistry exam,I spent more time on a difficult question than I intended.When I saw the others turning to the next page,I became so nervous that I couldnt even work out simple questions.I really want to know how to control myself in exams.Could you give me some advice?Rob:Im trying to review for my exams,but its hard to concentrate for long.I sit on the bed with my books,but then I lie down and fall asleep.And my parents ask me to do things or my friends call,so I give up studying.Im starting to panic.What should I do?Lara:I get good marks at school,so my friends all want to copy my homework.But I spend a lot of time working while theyre having fun.Its not fair,and Im getting fed up with this situation.But how do I tell them they cant copy my workI dont want to lose my friends.Help!ADVICE Concentrate on the exam.Dont daydream or be distracted by the other test takers.Some students do exams quickly,but this doesnt necessarily mean they get all questions right.Just stick to your own pace!1.Which of the following piece of advice might be helpful to Alice?A.Do exams quickly.B.Work at your own pace.C.Have a regular routine.D.Avoid cheating in the exam.2.Why is Lara very angry with her friends?A.Because they want to copy her homework.B.Because they often have fun without her.C.Because they take her homework back home.D.Because they distract her during the exam.3.Where are the texts most probably taken from?A.An English dictionary.B.A science magazine.C.A business newspaper.D.A student magazine.B（莆田第七中学 2019-2020 上学期高一年级期末考试）A very dangerous situation happened in California last week.More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state.Most of them began on October 8,in Northern California.They grew rapidly.The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.At least 20 people have been killed,the state government said.About 200 have been injured.At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed.About 50,000 people have been required to escape.Many left in a hurry,without time to take their personal things.“All the good stuff(东西)Im never going to see it again,”Jeff Okrepkie said.He escaped from his Santa Rosa home.It was destroyed soon after he left.The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县).These include Sonoma and Napa.The areas are important to Californias economy(经济).They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园)and wineries(酿酒厂).In 2016,Californias wineries made more than$57 billion.October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California.But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once.Up to now,the government has not given a cause for any of the fires,many of which were still burning.4.Why did the fires grow quickly?A.Most of the fires began in October.B.12 fires happened at the same time.C.The state government didnt do anything.D.High-speed wind and dry air.5.How many people have to leave their homes?A.50,000.B.200.C.3,500.D.20.6.What is the biggest loss for California s economy?A.Homes have been destroyed.B.Wineries have been burned.C.People have to leave their homes.D.Many people have been injured.7.What is the cause of the fires?A.The high-speed wind and dry air.B.Many fires started at once.C.October produces the most ruins.D.The cause is not explained.C Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet,it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water.Only 23%of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,meaning over$1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.Recently,Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.It is a convenient,clear water bottle that can either be drunken or eaten.To drink it,you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜)or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth.To eat it,you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth.One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡)without arriving with a very wet truck.However,they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane.It is targeting large outdoor events,such as marathons,music festivals,and sporting events,where tons of plastic bottles are used,and frequently left behind as litter.And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment,which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho;they have recently applied a patent for their new advancements.The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet,but they cost about two cents to create a unit,which is cheaper than plastic bottles.It has appeared at events in London,San Francisco,Boston,at conferences,festivals,and so on.Ooho is catching many peoples attention and has raised over$1 million and gained 1,000 investors in only three days.It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers interest while the production machine is getting up and running.It is quickly making a rise,so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.8.How is most plastic dealt with in America?A.Its sold.B.Its recycled.C.Its buried.D.Its wasted.9.Why did the team invent Ooho?A.To make a profit for a company.B.To protect the environtnent.C.To make people eat as they drink.D.To reduce the cost of plastic bottle.10.What can we infer about Ooho from the text?A.It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.B.It has become popular since it began to be sold.C.It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.D.It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.11.What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph?A.Ooho is to be a success in the future.B.Ooho is being supported by smart people.C.Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.D.Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.D With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world,China is desperately trying to clone(克隆)the animal and save the endangered species(物种).Thats a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called“Noahs Ark”.Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs,embryos(胚胎),semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen.If certain species should become extinct,Dr.Duane Kraemer,a professor in Texas A&Ms College of Veterinary Medicine,says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals,birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years.The panda,native only to China,is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week,Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit.They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer(核子移植)of one species to another is not easy,and the lack of available(capable of being used)panda eggs could be a major problem,”Kraemer believes.“They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy(having a baby).It takes a long time and its difficult,but this could be groundbreaking science if it works.They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk,so it is worth the effort,”adds Kraemer,who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A&M,the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something thats never been done,and this is very similar to our work in Noahs Ark.Were both trying to save animals that face extinction.I certainly appreciate their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do.Its a research that is very much needed.”12.The aim of“Noahs Ark”project is to _.A.make efforts to clone the endangered pandas B.save endangered animals from dying out C.collect DNA of endangered animals to study D.transfer the nuclear of one animal to another 13.According to Professor Kraemer,the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _.A.available panda eggs B.host animals C.qualified researchers D.enough money 14.The best title for the passage may be _.A.Chinas Success in Pandas Cloning B.The First Cloned Panda in the World C.Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas D.China the Native Place of Pandas Forever 15.From the passage we know that _.A.Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog B.scientists try to implant a pandas egg into a rabbit C.Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches D.about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sleep advice for kids of all ages It is important for each child to get enough sleep every day.Here we will learn more about that.How much sleep does a child need?16 Newborns 0 to 3 months should sleep 10 to 18 hours a day.Babies 4 to 11 months should start to sleep through the night,for 9 to 12 hours at a time.Toddlers(初学走路的孩子)1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day.Children 3 to 5 should get 11 to 13 hours a night.17 Teenagers 14 and up need 8 to 10 hours of sleep.What can parents do?Set a strict nap(小睡)timetable.18 Even older children can benefit from late-afternoon naps if they are not getting enough sleep at night.But keep them short-30 minutes at most.19 Remember to ask your children to turn off the television and the computer an hour before bed.If possible,get them out of your childs bedroom since the light from electronic screens can make sleep a difficult job.Get them moving.20 Running around and playing sports is great,but kids can be active in other ways,too.Take the dog for a walk,or go to the park-just get them out of the house and get them moving.A.Pay attention to screen time.B.It usually depends on their age.C.Its OK to go to bed 30 minutes later.D.Kids 6 to 13 need 9 to 11 hours of sleep.E.Younger children should take a short sleep during the day.F.Energy drinks can keep kids from falling or staying asleep.G.Exercise during the day helps children sleep better at night.第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Star Athlete My name is Edward,and at one time I was the star athlete at my school for four consecutive（连续的）years.Soccer was my life for as 21 as I could remember.For at 22 six times a week,you could find me at the fields training.Within those past four years,I had 23 sixty goals for my team.I even starred in our local newspaper.Most athletes asked me how I did it.How I 24 to go out once or twice a day to train.Most athletes would be 25 out,but not me.I asked them how they just naturally breathed.Football had been my life ever since I was five years old.Having two parents that played the game 26 me to become the best athlete I could ever be.My whole family played;not 27 was like not eating at my grandmas house,not acceptable.When I was three,my parents taught me how to kick the ball,and that was when I 28 fell in love with the game.But that was past.When I was working up to the state championship,I got injured and the trainer told me I could never play again.I cried and my 29 was torn into pieces.Later,I 30 myself back up and went to Vanderbilt University on an academic scholarship.I might not be a super star,but I 31 to let my life slip out of my hands.Now,Im on my way to becoming a doctor to help 32 like me.Sometimes I wonder who I would be without my injury,but then I realize I would not have had this opportunity.Things change 33,and you have to learn to 34 it.Stop living in the past and live in the future.Everyone has a story,but you have to make your own ending.Its up to you to persevere and fight for yourself.Be your own 35 .21.A.many B.long C.well D.early 22.A.latest B.first C.most D.least 23.A.reached B.scored C.achieved D.set 24.A.tried B.wanted C.selected D.managed 25.A.burnt B.worked C.tried D.died 26.A.reminded B.persuaded C.influenced D.forced 27.A.playing B.helping C.rising D.exercising 28.A.personally B.partly C.willingly D.completely 29.A.mind B.heart C.head D.leg 30.A.woke B.dressed C.picked D.called 31.A.refused B.decided C.managed D.dared 32.A.stars B.adults C.children D.athletes 33.A.eventually B.frequently C.suddenly D.gradually 34.A.accept B.find C.receive D.understand 35.A.winner B.doctor C.trainer D.superstar 第卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories,_36_ (destroy)fourteen homes.Seven others were so badly damaged _37_ their owners had to leave them,and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs.One person was killed,several were_38_ (serious)hurt and taken to hospital,and a number of other people received smaller hurt.Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.A farmer,Mr.Tan,said that the storm began early _39_ the morning and lasted for over an hour.“I _40_(eat)with my wife and children,”he said,“when we heard a loud noise.A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.We tried our best _41_(climb)out but then I saw that one of my children was _42_(miss).I went back inside and found him,safe _43_ very frightened.”Mrs.Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she _44_(feel)that her house was moving.She ran outside at once with her children.Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded area and the welfare department brought _45_(they)food,clothes and shelter.第三部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)第一节(满分 15 分)6 月 5 日(June 5)是世界环境保护日，我们周围的环境变得越来越糟糕，污染越来越严重。请以“How to protect our environment/world?”为题写一篇短文。内容包括:1.存在问题及其影响:1）水污染 2）砍伐森林严重 3）大气污染 2.如何改善/保护环境 注意：1、次数 100 左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头语已为你写好 How to protect/save our environment/world?The environmental pollution is more and more serious today.第二节（满分 25 分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为 150 左右。(2017 年 6 月浙江卷)On a bright,warm July afternoon,Mac Hollan,a primary school teacher,was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends.One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair,but they had encouraged Mac to carry on,and they would catch up with him soon.As Mac pedaled(骑行)along alone,he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters athome.He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him.“Man,thats a big dog!”he thought.But when he looked to the side,he saw instantly that it wasnt a dog at all,but a wolf,quickly catching up with him.Macs heart jumped.He found out his can of hear spray.With one hand on the b
