初中英语翻译综合训练100题含参考答案10049.pdf

试卷第 1 页，共 39 页 初中英语翻译专题训练 100 题含参考答案 一、汉译英：整句 1你有棒球拍吗？没有，但是迈克有。_【答案】Do you have a baseball bat?No,but Mike does.【详解】根据中文提示可知，此句是一般现在时的一般疑问句。由于句中有行为动词且主语是 you，因此句首用助动词 Do；根据句意可知，前后是转折关系，用 but 连接，Mike 是第三人称单数，用助动词 does 来代替“has a baseball bat.”。故填 Do you have a baseball bat?No,but Mike does.2这些是他的箱子吗？是的。_【答案】Are these his boxes?Yes.【详解】这些 these，他的箱子 his box，是的 yes；一般疑问句含 be 的结构为：be+主语+表语？故填Are these his boxes?Yes.3他妈妈经常鼓励他努力学习。_【答案】His mother often encourages him to work hard.【详解】他妈妈 his mother；经常 often，用于一般现在时；鼓励某人做某事 encourage sb.to do sth.；努力学习 work hard。his mother 是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意结构和中文提示，可知填 His mother often encourages him to work hard.。4今天谁来做演讲？(speech)_【答案】Who is going to make a speech today?【详解】根据所给汉语意思可知，时态是一般将来时，构成：主语+be going to+动词原形，疑问词 who“谁”作主语，所以 be 动词用 is，动词短语 make a speech“做演讲”，today“今天”，故填 Who is going to make a speech today?5他喜欢听音乐，因为音乐总能让他开心。_【答案】He enjoys listening to music because music always makes him happy.【详解】他 he，喜欢听音乐 enjoy listening to music，因为 because，音乐 music，总试卷第 2 页，共 39 页 always，让他开心 make him happy。本句时态是一般现在时，主语分别是 he 和music，动词用三单。故填 He enjoys listening to music because music always makes him happy.6她们是你的姐妹们吗?（sisters）_【答案】Are they your sisters?【详解】她们：they；你的姐妹们：your sisters；此题是一般疑问句，时态为一般现在时，主语 they 是复数，因此 be 的用 are，位于句首首字母大写。故填Are they your sisters?7他想吃一些香蕉。_【答案】He wants to eat some bananas.【详解】want to do sth“想要做某事”；eat some bananas“吃一些香蕉”，句子是一般现在时，主语 he 是第三人称，动词用三单形式，故填 He wants to eat some bananas.8我是一个新学生。（汉译英）_【答案】I am a new student.【详解】我：I，人称代词的主格作主语；一个新学生：a new student。结合语境可知，此题为一般现在时，主语为 I，be 动词应用 am。故填 I am a new student.9金门大桥有多长？_【答案】How long is the Golden Gate Bridge?【详解】金门大桥有多长？根据 how long 多长；故答案是 How long is the Golden Gate Bridge?句子翻译 10美国学生花在作业上时间最少。_ 11那个有着微笑的眼睛的女孩从不说别人的坏话。_ 12周末我喜欢呆在家里而不出去。_ 13妈妈建议我用当季的水果制作水果沙拉。试卷第 3 页，共 39 页 _ 14你最好不要放弃参加 DIY 课程。_ 【答案】10The American students/students in America spend the least time on their homework.11The girl with smiling eyes never says a bad word/bad words about anyone.12I like staying at home instead of going out at/on weekends.at/on the weekend.13My mum advises/advised me to use fruit in season to make a fruit salad./fruit salads.14Youd better not give up taking a course in DIY.【解析】10花 spendon；作业 their homework；最少 the least。根据句子结构和汉语提示，故答案是 The American students/students in America spend the least time on their homework.11那个有着微笑的眼睛的女孩 The girl with smiling eyes；用短语修饰 the girl；从不说别人的坏话 never says a bad word/bad words about anyone。根据句子结构和汉语提示，故答案是 The girl with smiling eyes never says a bad word/bad words about anyone.12周末 at/on the weekend；呆在家里 stay at home；而 instead of；出去 go out；根据句子结构和汉语提示，故答案是 I like staying at home instead of going out at/on weekends.at/on the weekend.13妈妈建议 advise sb.to do;当季的水果 fruit in season;水果沙拉 fruit salads；因为主语是单数，所以是 advises 或 advised。根据句子结构和汉语提示，故答案是 My mum advises/advised me to use fruit in season to make a fruit salad./fruit salads.14最好 had better；放弃 give up；根据句子结构和汉语提示，故答案是 Youd better not give up taking a course in DIY.佳句欣赏与模仿 15Your hobbies are quite different from hers.be different from 与不同 我认为朋友应该不同于彼此。_ 16Dont worry about your job as long as you work hard.as long as 只要 只要不下雨，我们就可以去钓鱼。试卷第 4 页，共 39 页 _ 17Lin Tao is good at all the subjects at school,especially English.be good at doing sth.擅长做某事 Tina 擅长写英语故事。_ 18You know the boy is talented in playing the piano.be talented in 在某方面有天赋 孙杨在游泳方面有天赋。_ 19Its difficult for us to finish the work.Itsadj.for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事是的 对学生来说，努力学习是必要的。_ 【答案】15I think friends should be different from each other.16As long as it doesnt rain,we can go fishing.17Tina is good at writing English stories.18Sun Yang is talented in swimming.19Its necessary for students to study hard.【解析】15句意：我认为朋友应该不同于彼此。本句时宾语从句。我认为：I think；朋友：friends；应该 should；不同于:be different from；彼此：each other；故答案为 I think friends should be different from each other.16句意：只要不下雨，我们就可以去钓鱼。只要：as long as；不下雨：it doesnt rain；钓鱼 go fishing；as long as 用于条件句中，主句用将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时。故答案为 As long as it doesnt rain,we can go fishing.17句意：Tina 擅长写英语故事。擅长：is good at；写英语故事 write English stories；根据 be good at doing，故答案为Tina is good at writing English stories.18句意：孙杨在游泳方面有天赋。在有天赋：is talented in；故答案为 Sun Yang is talented in swimming.19句意：对学生来说，努力学习是有必要的。试卷第 5 页，共 39 页 必要的：necessary；努力学习：study hard；故答案为 Its necessary for students to study hard.20他太小了，不能去上学。_【答案】He is too young to go to school.【详解】根据汉语意思可知，此处描述事实，因此用一般现在时；他“he”，主语，在句首首字母大写，he 为第三人称单数，因此 be 动词为 is；too.to“太以至于不能”，to 是不定式，后跟动词原形；young“年轻的”；go to school“去上学”。故填He is too young to go to school.21他多大了？_【答案】How old is he?【详解】他：he，人称代词的主格作主语；（某人）多大：how old be sb.。结合语境可知，此题为一般现在时，主语 he 为第三人称单数，be 动词应用 is。故填 How old is he?22他有一双大手。_【答案】He has big hands.【详解】根据中文提示，这里缺少的应该是“大手”，应该用 big hands，他应该用 he，“有”应该用 has。故答案为 He has big hands。23对于一个舞蹈演员来说，每天吃健康的食物是很重要的。_【答案】Its very important for a dancer to eat healthy food every day.【详解】Its very important for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是非常重要的”；a dancer“一个舞蹈演员”；every day“每天”；eat healthy food“吃健康的食物”。故填 Its very important for a dancer to eat healthy food every day.24Mary 在阅读英语诗歌上有困难。（have difficulty in）（汉译英）_【答案】Mary has difficulty in reading English poetry.【详解】Mary 作主语；have difficulty in“做某事有困难”，描述事实，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用 has；in 为介词，后接动名词作宾语，read English poetry“读英语诗歌”。故填 Mary has difficulty in reading English poetry.试卷第 6 页，共 39 页 25他走得如此匆忙，以至于忘了锁门。_【答案】He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.【详解】he“他”，作主语；leave“离开”，结合语境可知，此处应用一般过去时，动词用过去式；so/such.that.“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，此处可以用such a hurry that“如此匆忙以至于”，forget to do sth“忘记做某事”，不定式作宾语；lock the door“锁门”；故填 He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.26我们周末在公园放风筝，玩得很开心。_【答案】We flew kites in the park at weekends and had great fun.【详解】句子是陈述句。主语是“we”，表达“放风筝”，用短语“fly kites”。句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式“flew”。表达“在公园”用短语“in the park”作地点状语。表达“周末”用短语“at weekends”作时间状语。表达“玩得很开心”用短语“had great fun”。用连词“and”连接两个动词形成并列结构。故填 We flew kites in the park at weekends and had great fun.27你得在动身去德国前上交你的报告。_【答案】You have to hand in your report before you leave for Germany/before leaving for Germany.【详解】你：you，主格作主语；得 have to，强调客观上必须；动身去德国：leave for Germany；在之前：before，可以是介词，后接 doing 形式，也可以是连词，后接从句；上交：hand in；你的报告：your report；故填 You have to hand in your report before you leave for Germany/before leaving for Germany.28医生建议我多吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果。（advise）_【答案】The doctor advised me to eat more fresh vegetables and fruit.【详解】医生：The doctor；建议：advise；我作宾语用“me”；多吃：eat more；新鲜的：fresh；蔬菜：vegetables，根据语境可知，此处用复数形式；和：and；水果：fruit。根据语境可知，该句为一般过去时，谓语用动词的过去式，“advise”的过去式是“advised”，advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事。故填 The doctor advised me to eat more fresh vegetables and fruit.试卷第 7 页，共 39 页 29一班的学生比二班少。_【答案】The number of the students in Class One is smaller than that in Class Two.【详解】the number of“的数量”，修饰主语中心词，谓语动词用单数；the students in Class One“1 班的学生”，；than“比”；形容数量的多少，用 smaller 表示“更少的”；比较句中，用 that 代替前文提到的“学生的数量”；in Class Two“2 班”，陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，故填 The number of the students in Class One is smaller than that in Class Two.30我想知道他小时候是否很有绘画的天赋。【答案】I wonder if he had a gift for drawing when he was a child.【详解】I wonder“我想知道”；此句应用 if“是否”引导宾语从句，从句用陈述语序；have a gift for doing sth“有做某事的天赋”；draw“画画”；根据句意可知，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时；when he was a child“当他小的时候”，故填 I wonder if he had a gift for drawing when he was a child.31冬天来了。天气变得越来越冷。_【答案】Winter is coming.The weather is getting colder and colder.【详解】冬天：winter；天气：the weather；越来越冷（用“比较级+and+比较级”句型）：colder and colder。描述当前一段时间内的变化状态或现阶段正在进行的动作用现在进行时态来表达，并且句子主语都为第三人称单数，be 动词用 is。故填 Winter is coming.The weather is getting colder and colder.32他有着坚强的意志，所以无论做什么，他都不放弃。_【答案】He has a strong will,so no matter what he does,he never gives up.【详解】本句陈述客观事实，故为一般现在时，主语 he 为第三人称单数，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；他：he；有着坚强的意志：have a strong will；因此：so；无论做什么：no matter what he does，no matter what 引导让步状语从句；从不：never；放弃：give up。故填 He has a strong will,so no matter what he does,he never gives up.33没有什么比读书更让人开心的了。_.【答案】Nothing is more enjoyable than reading books【详解】没有什么：nothing；比更让人开心的：more enjoyable than；读书：read 试卷第 8 页，共 39 页 books，作介词 than 的宾语，应用动名词形式。根据语境可知，此句时态为一般现在时，表达的是一般情况，此句结构是主系表，不定代词 nothing 作主语，be 动词应用is。故填 Nothing is more enjoyable than reading books。34我妈妈允许我每周看一次电视。_【答案】My mother allows me to watch TV once a week.【详解】这是一个肯定句，my mother 我妈妈，是主语；allow 允许，是谓语，allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事；watch TVk 看电视；once a week 一周一次，表频率，故答案为 My mother allows me to watch TV once a week.35Millie 放学后很少练习打排球。_【答案】Millie seldom practices playing volleyball after school.【详解】Millie 主语；seldom 副词，很少；练习打排球 practice playing volleyball；放学后 after school。由句意可知时态是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，因此谓语用三单。故填 Millie seldom practices playing volleyball after school.36著名的猫和老鼠卡通片深受人们欢迎。（be popular with）_【答案】The famous Tom and Jerry cartoon is popular with people.【详解】be popular with“受欢迎”；famous“著名的”；cartoon“卡通片”；people“人们”。句子是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，be 动词用 is，故填 The famous Tom and Jerry cartoon is popular with people.37穿红色也更容易采取行动。_【答案】Wearing red can also make it easier to take action.【详解】wear red 穿红色；作主语，用动名词形式；make it+形容词+to do sth 表示让做某事是，make it easier to do sth.表示让做某事是更容易的；take action 表示采取行动。can 可以，位于情态动词后，作谓语动词，用动词原形，根据汉语提示，故填Wearing red can also make it easier to take action.38要我替你把门打开吗？（may）（汉译英）_【答案】May I open the door for you?试卷第 9 页，共 39 页【详解】may“可以”，委婉语气，一般疑问句将其放在句首，后面的动词用原形；open the door for you“为你打开门”，故填 May I open the door for you?39当我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我筋疲力尽。_【答案】By the time/When I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.【详解】当时：when/by the time；终于：finally；脚下：under the feet；陆地：land；筋疲力尽：be tired out。由语境可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，主句中的主语是 I，be 动词用 was；副词 finally 修饰动词 felt，放动词之前；介词短语 under my feet 修饰名词 land，作后置定语。故填 By the time/When I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.40Jim 不如 Tom 友好，所以 Tom 的朋友比 Jim 多。_.【答案】Jim is not as friendly as Tom,so Tom has more friends than Jim(does)/Jim is less friendly than Tom,so Tom has more friends than Jim(does)【详解】as.as 意为“和一样”，其否定形式为 not asas 意为“不如那样”；friendly 是形容词，意为“友好的”，放在 be 动词之后作表语；friend 是名词，more friends 意为“更多的朋友”；在比较结构中，为了避免重复，会用助动词代替前面的动词，也可省略不加助动词；so 是连词，意为“所以”，连接两个句子。故填 Jim is not as friendly as Tom,so Tom has more friends than Jim(does)/Jim is less friendly than Tom,so Tom has more friends than Jim(does)。41我们老师经常建议我们不要犯粗心的错误。_【答案】Our teacher often advises us not to make careless mistakes./Our teachers often advise us not to make careless mistakes.【详解】我们老师：our teacher/our teachers；经常：often；建议某人不要做某事：advise sb.not to do sth.；犯错误：make mistakes；粗心的：careless。根据语境可知句子用一般现在时，主语是 our teacher 时，谓语用单数；主语是 our teachers，谓语用原形；频度副词放谓语之前；首字母要大写。故填 Our teacher often advises us not to make careless mistakes./Our teachers often advise us not to make careless mistakes.42大明喜欢听英语歌曲。(enjoy)_ 试卷第 10 页，共 39 页【答案】Daming enjoys listening to English songs.【详解】句中使用的句型是 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事，主语 Daming 是第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词 enjoy 后加 s；listen to 是固定短语，听，后面跟 English songs 作宾语。43她总是将公交车上的座位让给有需要的人。_【答案】She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need.【详解】她：she，人称代词主格，句首首字母大写；总是：always；将座位让给：give ones seat to sb.，此句中应用“her”表示“她的”；有需要的人：someone in need；公交车上：on the bus。根据“always”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，she 是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式“gives”。故填 She always gives her seat on the bus to someone in need.44我宁愿骑车，也不愿考虑乘地铁。_【答案】I would rather ride a bike than consider taking the underground.【详解】“宁愿也不愿”对应的句型是“would rather do sth.than do sth.”；“骑车”对应的表达是“ride a bike”；“考虑做某事”对应的表达是“consider doing sth”。“乘地铁”对应的表达是“take the underground”。故填 I would rather ride a bike than consider taking the underground.45警察们搜遍了森林找那个九岁的男孩。_【答案】The policemen/The police searched the whole forest for the nine-year-old boy.【详解】根据题干可知，本句是一般过去时。the policemen/the police“警察们”，作主语；search.for.“搜查”，search 的过去式为 searched；the whole forest“整个森林”；the nine-year-old boy“九岁的男孩”，作 for 的宾语。故填 The policemen/The police searched the whole forest for the nine-year-old boy.46你认为我们必须使青少年远离互联网吗？_【答案】Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet?【详解】你认为我们必须使青少年远离互联网吗？根据 keep away from 远离；故答案试卷第 11 页，共 39 页 是.Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet?47每个人的家里都有许多家务要做。（There be）_【答案】There is a lot of/lots of/much housework to do in everyones family.【详解】根据中文句意可知，本句为 There be 句型，使用一般现在时。There be“有”；a lot of/lots of/much“许多”；housework“家务”；to do“要做”；in everyones family“在每个人的家里”。本句为一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，使用 be 动词 is。故填 There is a lot of/lots of/much housework to do in everyones family.48你应该尽可能多地听中文歌曲和看中文电影。_【答案】You should listen to Chinese songs and watch Chinese films as much as possible.【详解】根据汉语可知，本句是一般现在时；“应该”should，后跟动词原形；“听中文歌曲”listen to Chinese songs；“看中文电影”watch Chinese films；“和”and；“尽可能多地”as much as possible。故填 You should listen to Chinese songs and watch Chinese films as much as possible.49会议后他妈妈太累了做不了任何事。_【答案】After the meeting,his mother was too tired to do anything.【详解】表达“后”用介词“after”，表达“会议”用定冠词“the”和名词“meeting”。句子的主语是“his mother”，是单数概念。句子是一般过去时，be 动词用“was”。“太而不能”用“too.to.”的结构。表达“累”用形容词“tired”，表达“做”用动词不定式“to do”，表达否定，“任何事”用不定代词“anything”。故填 After the meeting,his mother was too tired to do anything.50大家都知道火星上的重力只是地球上重力的大约八分之三。（汉译英）_【答案】It is known to all that the gravity on Mars is just about three eights of that on Earth.【详解】“大家都知道”it is known to all；“重力”gravity；“八分之三”three eights；比较的对象是重力，可以用指示代词 that 指代。本题需用 it 指代句子后半部分 that 引导的主语从句。故填 It is known to all that the gravity on Mars is just about three eights of that on Earth.51孩子们认为万圣节是个很有趣的节日。试卷第 12 页，共 39 页 _.【答案】Children think Halloween is an very interesting festival.【详解】children“孩子们”，think“认为”，Halloween“万圣节”是单数，be 动词用单数is，interesting festival“有趣的节日”，interesting 是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词 an 修饰表泛指，故填 Children think Halloween is an very interesting festival.52她打破了这扇窗，所以她主动提出要赔偿。_【答案】She broke the window,so she offered to pay for it.【详解】根据句意可知，本句是一般过去时，she“她”，broke the window“打破了这扇窗”，so“所以”，offered to pay for it“主动提出要赔偿”。故填 She broke the window,so she offered to pay for it.53当公交车到了，孩子们就迫不及待地上车了。_【答案】The children couldnt wait to get on the bus when the bus arrived.【详解】根据句意和语境可知是一般过去时。分析句子结构可知是 when 引导的时间状语从句。公交车到了：the bus arrived；孩子们：the children；迫不及待做某事：cant wait to do sth.；上车：get on the bus。故填 The children couldnt wait to get on the bus when the bus arrived.54天将要下雨了，你最好待在家里。_【答案】It is going to rain,youd better stay at home.【详解】前半句是一般将来时，可用 am/is/are going to do 表示；天：用 it 代替，所以be 动词用 is；下雨：rain；你：作主语，用主格 you；最好：had better do sth；待在家里：stay at home。故填 It is going to rain,youd better stay at home.55深圳有适合每个人的东西，今年为什么不来深圳游玩呢？(why not)_【答案】Shenzhen has something suitable for everyone,so why not come to have a visit?【详解】something“一些东西”，suitable“适合的”，修饰不定代词后置，Shenzhen 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数 has；for“对某人来说”，everyone“每个人”；so“那么”；why not“为什么不”，提建议句型，后接动词原形，come to do sth“来做某事”；have a visit“参观”。故填 Shenzhen has something suitable for everyone,so why not come to have a visit?。试卷第 13 页，共 39 页 56虽然你很努力了，但是你应该认真考虑一下你的学习方法。_.【答案】Although you worked very hard,you should think about your way of learning carefully.【详解】本句可用 although“尽管”置于句首，引导让步状语从句；很努力：work very hard；应该：should，情态动词，其后应接动词原形；考虑：think about；认真地：carefully；你的学习方法：your way of learning；“你很努力了”为发生在过去的事，故从句为一般过去时，谓语动词 work 用其过去式。故填 Although you worked very hard,you should think about your way of learning carefully.将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子