2023年重庆职称英语考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2023年重庆职称英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.第二篇 Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader . Each of us is different .Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences .Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words ,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests ,and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test ,do the same on all tests .Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain .Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education ,has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldnt be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists , he doesnt think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences .Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic .What is the main idea of this passageAThe importance of intelligence .BThe development of intelligence tests .CHow to understand intelligence .DHow to become intelligent . 2.第三篇 The Workers Role in ManagementTraditionally, it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided "suggestion boxes" in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of laborthey have a vital stake in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions profoundly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should workers, then, play a stronger role in management Workers should have a role in management. At the very least, the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. (A common complaint among rank-and-file workers is the lack of information about company policies and actions.) Between 1980 and 1985 about five million workers were the victims of plant closings and permanent layoffs(失业), often with no warning. At least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant, because the workers might be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions that will help keep the plant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial decision making. There ought to be representatives of the workers on the firms board of directors or other major policymaking groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvement, their morale will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive, they must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stock ownership plans, bonuses, or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase the plant and run it themselves.It can be interred from Paragraph 1 that managers_.Awere not qualifiedBseldom obtained workersopinionsCdisliked “suggestion boxes”Dnever consulted the labor force. 3.The Day a Language DiedWhen Carlos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language. Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. _(46)They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the worlds ecology(生态).However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages, as well, _(47).When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults，so like Catawba，Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. _(48)In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. _(49). The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.What does it mean when a language disappears When a plant or insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what weve been lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language，like Red Thunder Cloud，must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. _(50)A. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.B. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages，but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction(灭绝).C . However，he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.D . These language dont have many native speakers.E . For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.F . As these language become more powerful. their use as tools of business and culture increase. 4.Public RelationsPublic relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm, usually in the (51) of press releases or press conferences. Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually (52) outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to top management. This organizational placement can be a (53) because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in line with marketing efforts. Poor communication and no coordination can be the (54). Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence (55) the public image, this influence generally may be less than (56) provided by the other components of the public image mix.Publicity nay be in the form of news releases that have (57) overtones for the company initiate by the public relations department. Publicity on the other (58) should not be divorced from the marketing department, as it can (59) a useful adjunct(辅助) to the regular advertising. (60), not all publicity is initiated by the firm; some can (61) from an unfavorable press as a reaction to certain actions or lack of (62) that are controversial or even downright ill-advertised.The (63) we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding(自欺) itself if it thinks its public relations function, whether within the company or an outside firm, can take (64) of public image and opportunities. Many of these have to do with the way the (65) does business, such as its product quality, the servicing and handling of complaints, etc.AmatterBformCsystemDdirection 5.The Storyteller1.Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.And thats what he has always been about.The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, Spielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona.From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.2.Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.He believes that E.T.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, “It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler.“When trees brushed against the house, he would head into my bed.And thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.”3.Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War battles.Spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends.On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention.“Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.”4. Spielberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.Spielberg was determined to make movies, and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(实习)in Hollywood.Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college.He never looked back.5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielberg shrugs.“The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉的),” he says.“There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it.And sometimes I just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel(续集) to Jurassic Park.”A.An aim of lifeB.A funny manC.Inspirations for his moviesD.Telling stories to make friendsE.The trouble of making moviesF.Getting into the movie businessParagraph 2 6.The Day a Language DiedWhen Carlos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language. Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. _(46)They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the worlds ecology(生态).However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages, as well, _(47).When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults，so like Catawba，Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. _(48)In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. _(49). The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.What does it mean when a language disappears When a plant or insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what weve been lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language，like Red Thunder Cloud，must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. _(50)A. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.B. Papua New Guinea is an extremely ric