2023年北京在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（2）.docx

2023年北京在职攻读硕士联考考试考前冲刺卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.(一)阅读下面的文字，完成文后五题。泊 一直喜欢泊的意境。一叶渔舟，三两只画艇，或七八条竹排木筏，静静地系在清浅的水边；粼粼波光，倒映出幢幢的剪影，那是一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。 我常想，泊应该属于一种静美吧。泊往往离不开平静的流水，急流险滩、惊涛骇浪之中怎么好停泊哩。惟风平浪静的溪岸湖畔、河洲烟渚，当然最好是僻远的荒村野水，花坞柳岸，千尺断崖之下，茫茫芦荡之中，才是泊的最佳去处。这时，把舟楫系在江风水月里，落日熔金中，哪怕是烟波浩浩，雨雾迷茫，当你独坐船头，静卧船舱，也不管是独钓寒江雪，画船听雨眠，静水观鱼动，一杯清茶，一盏薄醪，人如天地一沙鸥。这一瞬间，所有的喧嚣与烦恼都会渐渐离你而去。在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境。泊，巧妙而充分利用了江汀远渚的奇峭、静谧，利用了天光水色的飘逸、妩媚，酿造出一种凄幽的美，一种空灵的美，一种宁馨素洁的美。人置身其间，既可暂时逃避喧嚣尘缨，又能从淳美的大自然中觅取心灵的滋养，精神的慰藉，故此，“移舟泊烟渚”，往往成为淡泊的文人雅士寄情山水的最好选择。 最美的泊自然在江南。江南水乡，河湾湖汊纵横交错，溪流水道密如蛛网。水光潋滟的西子湖，二十四桥的“瘦西湖”，以及苏州众多的园林水榭，何处不有画舫轻系、渔舟唱晚在那湖光水色里，真不知泊过多少柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。当然，也泊过富贾豪绅、腐朽君臣的骄奢淫逸、寡廉鲜耻!那六朝金粉古都的秦淮河畔，更有数不清的歌楼舞榭、画舫游艇，“秦淮灯船之盛，天下所无，两岸河房，雕栏画槛，绮窗丝障，十里珠帘”在那桨声灯影里，晃荡过孔尚任的南明遗恨，晃荡过朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流，更有那不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音，以及“秦淮八艳”、“金陵十二钗”的悲愁哀怨和脂粉血泪。不妨说，秦淮风月里泊的正是中国文化长河中一条繁绮香艳的画舫吧。 泊，或许还是一种精神境界。漫漫人生旅途上，谁没有云帆高挂、长风破浪的航行，自然也少不了收篷歇棹、停舟靠岸。在那幽幽水边，淡淡烟波里，栖息着高蹈文人的高情远意，他们用清风明月，溪声乌韵，柳浪荷香祛除尘廛，清心滤思，偷得浮生半日闲。唐代诗人张继进京赶考落第之后，驾一叶扁舟夜泊在枫桥下。他不以落第为意，伫立船头，把耳濡目染的秋月、红枫、渔火、江桥以及乌啼、寒山寺的钟声，熔铸成寥廓的胸臆，熔铸成一帧“枫桥夜泊”的不朽画卷，道出了泊的深刻内涵。其实，停泊不光是休憩、等待，更是一种蓄积和进发；航程的目标还在遥遥的远方啊，岂能松懈自己，坐视观望一生宦海浮沉的苏东坡，是深谙“泊”的意蕴的，他常常停棹湖山，息帆远岸，用取之不尽、用之不竭的江风明月磨砺心曲，壮阔襟怀，然后，以昂然无畏的风姿去迎接人生航道上的湍流险滩，惊涛骇浪。“一蓑烟雨任平生”，正是他孤傲不屈、落拓旷达的精神写照。 是的，一个泊字，写尽了世间众生相，荡漾着人生的几多情怀! 下列各项不属于作者喜欢“泊”的意境的一项是：A“泊”有一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。B“泊”是一种静美。C“泊”通常出现在最美的江南。D“泊”是一种精神境界。 2.(一)阅读下面的文字，完成文后五题。泊 一直喜欢泊的意境。一叶渔舟，三两只画艇，或七八条竹排木筏，静静地系在清浅的水边；粼粼波光，倒映出幢幢的剪影，那是一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。 我常想，泊应该属于一种静美吧。泊往往离不开平静的流水，急流险滩、惊涛骇浪之中怎么好停泊哩。惟风平浪静的溪岸湖畔、河洲烟渚，当然最好是僻远的荒村野水，花坞柳岸，千尺断崖之下，茫茫芦荡之中，才是泊的最佳去处。这时，把舟楫系在江风水月里，落日熔金中，哪怕是烟波浩浩，雨雾迷茫，当你独坐船头，静卧船舱，也不管是独钓寒江雪，画船听雨眠，静水观鱼动，一杯清茶，一盏薄醪，人如天地一沙鸥。这一瞬间，所有的喧嚣与烦恼都会渐渐离你而去。在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境。泊，巧妙而充分利用了江汀远渚的奇峭、静谧，利用了天光水色的飘逸、妩媚，酿造出一种凄幽的美，一种空灵的美，一种宁馨素洁的美。人置身其间，既可暂时逃避喧嚣尘缨，又能从淳美的大自然中觅取心灵的滋养，精神的慰藉，故此，“移舟泊烟渚”，往往成为淡泊的文人雅士寄情山水的最好选择。 最美的泊自然在江南。江南水乡，河湾湖汊纵横交错，溪流水道密如蛛网。水光潋滟的西子湖，二十四桥的“瘦西湖”，以及苏州众多的园林水榭，何处不有画舫轻系、渔舟唱晚在那湖光水色里，真不知泊过多少柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。当然，也泊过富贾豪绅、腐朽君臣的骄奢淫逸、寡廉鲜耻!那六朝金粉古都的秦淮河畔，更有数不清的歌楼舞榭、画舫游艇，“秦淮灯船之盛，天下所无，两岸河房，雕栏画槛，绮窗丝障，十里珠帘”在那桨声灯影里，晃荡过孔尚任的南明遗恨，晃荡过朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流，更有那不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音，以及“秦淮八艳”、“金陵十二钗”的悲愁哀怨和脂粉血泪。不妨说，秦淮风月里泊的正是中国文化长河中一条繁绮香艳的画舫吧。 泊，或许还是一种精神境界。漫漫人生旅途上，谁没有云帆高挂、长风破浪的航行，自然也少不了收篷歇棹、停舟靠岸。在那幽幽水边，淡淡烟波里，栖息着高蹈文人的高情远意，他们用清风明月，溪声乌韵，柳浪荷香祛除尘廛，清心滤思，偷得浮生半日闲。唐代诗人张继进京赶考落第之后，驾一叶扁舟夜泊在枫桥下。他不以落第为意，伫立船头，把耳濡目染的秋月、红枫、渔火、江桥以及乌啼、寒山寺的钟声，熔铸成寥廓的胸臆，熔铸成一帧“枫桥夜泊”的不朽画卷，道出了泊的深刻内涵。其实，停泊不光是休憩、等待，更是一种蓄积和进发；航程的目标还在遥遥的远方啊，岂能松懈自己，坐视观望一生宦海浮沉的苏东坡，是深谙“泊”的意蕴的，他常常停棹湖山，息帆远岸，用取之不尽、用之不竭的江风明月磨砺心曲，壮阔襟怀，然后，以昂然无畏的风姿去迎接人生航道上的湍流险滩，惊涛骇浪。“一蓑烟雨任平生”，正是他孤傲不屈、落拓旷达的精神写照。 是的，一个泊字，写尽了世间众生相，荡漾着人生的几多情怀! 第二段中画线处“在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境”，对这里的“心境”理解不恰当的一项是：A一种心灵的宁静。B心灵得到滋养和精神得到慰藉。C与大自然融为一体的亲切感。D一种逃避了喧嚣尘缨后的快感。 3.(一)阅读下面的文字，完成文后五题。泊 一直喜欢泊的意境。一叶渔舟，三两只画艇，或七八条竹排木筏，静静地系在清浅的水边；粼粼波光，倒映出幢幢的剪影，那是一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。 我常想，泊应该属于一种静美吧。泊往往离不开平静的流水，急流险滩、惊涛骇浪之中怎么好停泊哩。惟风平浪静的溪岸湖畔、河洲烟渚，当然最好是僻远的荒村野水，花坞柳岸，千尺断崖之下，茫茫芦荡之中，才是泊的最佳去处。这时，把舟楫系在江风水月里，落日熔金中，哪怕是烟波浩浩，雨雾迷茫，当你独坐船头，静卧船舱，也不管是独钓寒江雪，画船听雨眠，静水观鱼动，一杯清茶，一盏薄醪，人如天地一沙鸥。这一瞬间，所有的喧嚣与烦恼都会渐渐离你而去。在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境。泊，巧妙而充分利用了江汀远渚的奇峭、静谧，利用了天光水色的飘逸、妩媚，酿造出一种凄幽的美，一种空灵的美，一种宁馨素洁的美。人置身其间，既可暂时逃避喧嚣尘缨，又能从淳美的大自然中觅取心灵的滋养，精神的慰藉，故此，“移舟泊烟渚”，往往成为淡泊的文人雅士寄情山水的最好选择。 最美的泊自然在江南。江南水乡，河湾湖汊纵横交错，溪流水道密如蛛网。水光潋滟的西子湖，二十四桥的“瘦西湖”，以及苏州众多的园林水榭，何处不有画舫轻系、渔舟唱晚在那湖光水色里，真不知泊过多少柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。当然，也泊过富贾豪绅、腐朽君臣的骄奢淫逸、寡廉鲜耻!那六朝金粉古都的秦淮河畔，更有数不清的歌楼舞榭、画舫游艇，“秦淮灯船之盛，天下所无，两岸河房，雕栏画槛，绮窗丝障，十里珠帘”在那桨声灯影里，晃荡过孔尚任的南明遗恨，晃荡过朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流，更有那不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音，以及“秦淮八艳”、“金陵十二钗”的悲愁哀怨和脂粉血泪。不妨说，秦淮风月里泊的正是中国文化长河中一条繁绮香艳的画舫吧。 泊，或许还是一种精神境界。漫漫人生旅途上，谁没有云帆高挂、长风破浪的航行，自然也少不了收篷歇棹、停舟靠岸。在那幽幽水边，淡淡烟波里，栖息着高蹈文人的高情远意，他们用清风明月，溪声乌韵，柳浪荷香祛除尘廛，清心滤思，偷得浮生半日闲。唐代诗人张继进京赶考落第之后，驾一叶扁舟夜泊在枫桥下。他不以落第为意，伫立船头，把耳濡目染的秋月、红枫、渔火、江桥以及乌啼、寒山寺的钟声，熔铸成寥廓的胸臆，熔铸成一帧“枫桥夜泊”的不朽画卷，道出了泊的深刻内涵。其实，停泊不光是休憩、等待，更是一种蓄积和进发；航程的目标还在遥遥的远方啊，岂能松懈自己，坐视观望一生宦海浮沉的苏东坡，是深谙“泊”的意蕴的，他常常停棹湖山，息帆远岸，用取之不尽、用之不竭的江风明月磨砺心曲，壮阔襟怀，然后，以昂然无畏的风姿去迎接人生航道上的湍流险滩，惊涛骇浪。“一蓑烟雨任平生”，正是他孤傲不屈、落拓旷达的精神写照。 是的，一个泊字，写尽了世间众生相，荡漾着人生的几多情怀! 作者说“最美的泊自然在江南”的原因是：A江南是水乡，离开水就无所谓泊了。B江南有众多的园林名胜。C江南泊过太多的柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。D江南最能泊出中国文化中繁绮香艳的内涵。 4.(一)阅读下面的文字，完成文后五题。泊 一直喜欢泊的意境。一叶渔舟，三两只画艇，或七八条竹排木筏，静静地系在清浅的水边；粼粼波光，倒映出幢幢的剪影，那是一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。 我常想，泊应该属于一种静美吧。泊往往离不开平静的流水，急流险滩、惊涛骇浪之中怎么好停泊哩。惟风平浪静的溪岸湖畔、河洲烟渚，当然最好是僻远的荒村野水，花坞柳岸，千尺断崖之下，茫茫芦荡之中，才是泊的最佳去处。这时，把舟楫系在江风水月里，落日熔金中，哪怕是烟波浩浩，雨雾迷茫，当你独坐船头，静卧船舱，也不管是独钓寒江雪，画船听雨眠，静水观鱼动，一杯清茶，一盏薄醪，人如天地一沙鸥。这一瞬间，所有的喧嚣与烦恼都会渐渐离你而去。在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境。泊，巧妙而充分利用了江汀远渚的奇峭、静谧，利用了天光水色的飘逸、妩媚，酿造出一种凄幽的美，一种空灵的美，一种宁馨素洁的美。人置身其间，既可暂时逃避喧嚣尘缨，又能从淳美的大自然中觅取心灵的滋养，精神的慰藉，故此，“移舟泊烟渚”，往往成为淡泊的文人雅士寄情山水的最好选择。 最美的泊自然在江南。江南水乡，河湾湖汊纵横交错，溪流水道密如蛛网。水光潋滟的西子湖，二十四桥的“瘦西湖”，以及苏州众多的园林水榭，何处不有画舫轻系、渔舟唱晚在那湖光水色里，真不知泊过多少柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。当然，也泊过富贾豪绅、腐朽君臣的骄奢淫逸、寡廉鲜耻!那六朝金粉古都的秦淮河畔，更有数不清的歌楼舞榭、画舫游艇，“秦淮灯船之盛，天下所无，两岸河房，雕栏画槛，绮窗丝障，十里珠帘”在那桨声灯影里，晃荡过孔尚任的南明遗恨，晃荡过朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流，更有那不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音，以及“秦淮八艳”、“金陵十二钗”的悲愁哀怨和脂粉血泪。不妨说，秦淮风月里泊的正是中国文化长河中一条繁绮香艳的画舫吧。 泊，或许还是一种精神境界。漫漫人生旅途上，谁没有云帆高挂、长风破浪的航行，自然也少不了收篷歇棹、停舟靠岸。在那幽幽水边，淡淡烟波里，栖息着高蹈文人的高情远意，他们用清风明月，溪声乌韵，柳浪荷香祛除尘廛，清心滤思，偷得浮生半日闲。唐代诗人张继进京赶考落第之后，驾一叶扁舟夜泊在枫桥下。他不以落第为意，伫立船头，把耳濡目染的秋月、红枫、渔火、江桥以及乌啼、寒山寺的钟声，熔铸成寥廓的胸臆，熔铸成一帧“枫桥夜泊”的不朽画卷，道出了泊的深刻内涵。其实，停泊不光是休憩、等待，更是一种蓄积和进发；航程的目标还在遥遥的远方啊，岂能松懈自己，坐视观望一生宦海浮沉的苏东坡，是深谙“泊”的意蕴的，他常常停棹湖山，息帆远岸，用取之不尽、用之不竭的江风明月磨砺心曲，壮阔襟怀，然后，以昂然无畏的风姿去迎接人生航道上的湍流险滩，惊涛骇浪。“一蓑烟雨任平生”，正是他孤傲不屈、落拓旷达的精神写照。 是的，一个泊字，写尽了世间众生相，荡漾着人生的几多情怀! 第三段中，“孔尚任的南明遗恨”、“朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流”和“不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音”，下面的相关对应不正确的一项是：A孔尚任清代桃花扇B朱自清现代桨声灯影里的秦淮河C俞平伯现代桨声灯影里的秦淮河D杜牧唐代琵琶行 5.(一)阅读下面的文字，完成文后五题。泊 一直喜欢泊的意境。一叶渔舟，三两只画艇，或七八条竹排木筏，静静地系在清浅的水边；粼粼波光，倒映出幢幢的剪影，那是一种何等凄幽而灵动的韵致。 我常想，泊应该属于一种静美吧。泊往往离不开平静的流水，急流险滩、惊涛骇浪之中怎么好停泊哩。惟风平浪静的溪岸湖畔、河洲烟渚，当然最好是僻远的荒村野水，花坞柳岸，千尺断崖之下，茫茫芦荡之中，才是泊的最佳去处。这时，把舟楫系在江风水月里，落日熔金中，哪怕是烟波浩浩，雨雾迷茫，当你独坐船头，静卧船舱，也不管是独钓寒江雪，画船听雨眠，静水观鱼动，一杯清茶，一盏薄醪，人如天地一沙鸥。这一瞬间，所有的喧嚣与烦恼都会渐渐离你而去。在这样澄静寥廓氛围里，自然而然也就泊出了一种心境。泊，巧妙而充分利用了江汀远渚的奇峭、静谧，利用了天光水色的飘逸、妩媚，酿造出一种凄幽的美，一种空灵的美，一种宁馨素洁的美。人置身其间，既可暂时逃避喧嚣尘缨，又能从淳美的大自然中觅取心灵的滋养，精神的慰藉，故此，“移舟泊烟渚”，往往成为淡泊的文人雅士寄情山水的最好选择。 最美的泊自然在江南。江南水乡，河湾湖汊纵横交错，溪流水道密如蛛网。水光潋滟的西子湖，二十四桥的“瘦西湖”，以及苏州众多的园林水榭，何处不有画舫轻系、渔舟唱晚在那湖光水色里，真不知泊过多少柔情蜜意、离愁别绪。当然，也泊过富贾豪绅、腐朽君臣的骄奢淫逸、寡廉鲜耻!那六朝金粉古都的秦淮河畔，更有数不清的歌楼舞榭、画舫游艇，“秦淮灯船之盛，天下所无，两岸河房，雕栏画槛，绮窗丝障，十里珠帘”在那桨声灯影里，晃荡过孔尚任的南明遗恨，晃荡过朱自清、俞平伯的文采风流，更有那不知亡国恨的商女那靡靡之音，以及“秦淮八艳”、“金陵十二钗”的悲愁哀怨和脂粉血泪。不妨说，秦淮风月里泊的正是中国文化长河中一条繁绮香艳的画舫吧。 泊，或许还是一种精神境界。漫漫人生旅途上，谁没有云帆高挂、长风破浪的航行，自然也少不了收篷歇棹、停舟靠岸。在那幽幽水边，淡淡烟波里，栖息着高蹈文人的高情远意，他们用清风明月，溪声乌韵，柳浪荷香祛除尘廛，清心滤思，偷得浮生半日闲。唐代诗人张继进京赶考落第之后，驾一叶扁舟夜泊在枫桥下。他不以落第为意，伫立船头，把耳濡目染的秋月、红枫、渔火、江桥以及乌啼、寒山寺的钟声，熔铸成寥廓的胸臆，熔铸成一帧“枫桥夜泊”的不朽画卷，道出了泊的深刻内涵。其实，停泊不光是休憩、等待，更是一种蓄积和进发；航程的目标还在遥遥的远方啊，岂能松懈自己，坐视观望一生宦海浮沉的苏东坡，是深谙“泊”的意蕴的，他常常停棹湖山，息帆远岸，用取之不尽、用之不竭的江风明月磨砺心曲，壮阔襟怀，然后，以昂然无畏的风姿去迎接人生航道上的湍流险滩，惊涛骇浪。“一蓑烟雨任平生”，正是他孤傲不屈、落拓旷达的精神写照。 是的，一个泊字，写尽了世间众生相，荡漾着人生的几多情怀! 下列不属于本文写作特点的一项是：A多处化用前人的诗文，使文章充满诗情画意。B语言柔美清新，将“泊”描绘成一幅幅美丽的画面。C语言形式骈散结合，形成一种错落有致的韵律美。D全文形成总分式结构，第一段总写后，其他各段并列分承。 6.实验证明：茄红素具有防止细胞癌变的作用。近年来W公司提炼出茄红素，将其制成片剂，希望让酗酒者服用以预防饮酒过多引发的癌症。然后，初步的试验发现，经常服用W公司的茄红素片剂的酗酒者反而比不常服用W公司的茄红素片剂的酗酒者更易于患癌症。以下哪项最能解释上述矛盾 癌症的病因是综合的，对预防药物的选择和由此产生的作用也因人而异。 酒精与W公司的茄红素片剂发生长时间作用后反而使其成为致癌物质。 W公司生产的茄红素片剂不稳定，易于受其他物质影响而分解变性，从而与身体发生不良反应而致癌；自然茄红素性质稳定，不会致癌。A只有和。B只有和。C只有和。D、。E、都不是。 7.以下正确的说法是_。A在体育教学过程中，以情景和竞赛活动为主的体育教学方法有运动游戏法、运动竞赛法、情景教学法、练习法B在体育教学过程中，以身体练习为主的体育教学方法有分解练习法、完整练习法、领会教学法和循环练习法等C在体育教学过程中，以直接感知为主的体育教学方法有动作示范法、演示法、保护与帮助法、视听引导法、纠正错误法等D在体育教学过程中，常用的以语言传递信息为主的体育教学方法有讲解法、问答法讨论法和提示法8.集体学习和个性发展之间的关系，不正确的描述是_。A学生的个性发展和集体教育本是相辅相成的B 良好个性体现应是在集体的道德共识和集体的行为规范范畴内的个体创新，而集体也应是包容了各种被允许的个人思想和行动自由的群体集合C个性存在于集体之中，集体不存在个性D不能一谈“集体教育”就否定那些合理的个性化的思想和行为，更不能一谈“个性发展”就纵容那些有悖于集体利益的不合理思想和行为的存在，要把“集体教育”和“个性发展”有机地结合在集体的活动和学习中9.There are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit. You can talk to friends who (41) to the places, or you can go and see a (42) film about them, (43) you can read travel books.(44) would seem that there are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, (45) account of travel which the author has actually (46) himself. If they are informative and have a good index, (47) they can be useful to you when you (48) your travel. The second kind are those books (49) purpose is to give a purely objective (50) of things to be done and seen. If a (51) , cultured person has written such a book, then it is even more useful. It can (52) as a selective guide book. The third kind are those books which are called a guide (53) some place or other. If they are good, they will, (54) their factual information , give an (55) or an interpretation. Like the first kind, they can be inspiring and (56) , but their primary function is to (57) the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way.Whatever kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that it does not describe everything (58) marvellous, fabulous or magical. You (59) also note its date of publication, because travel is a very (60) affair and many things change quickly in the 20th century. Finally you should make sure that the contents are well-presented and easy to find.41（）AtravelBhave travelledCwill travelDwere travelling10.Americans, generally speaking, make an effort to be friendly with their colleagues, neighbours and other people they often run into. This often takes the form of a simple greeting like How’s it going or What’s up This is simply a way of saying I see you and I recognize you.Americans also show this friendliness in small talk. Small talk is a casual conversation that Americans engage in when they meet on the street, in the shop or in the office before a meeting. Usually the topics of such small talk will be something that everyone is familiar with, the weather, sports, traffic, hobbies or what’s on television. The topic of the conversation is not as important as the effort make to spend a few minutes with the other person. Small talk shows that you are a considerate person who is interested in others and who is willing to take the time to get to know people.Small talk is used in the business world to create a friendly atmosphere and to put everyone at ease before the serious matters of business are discussed. Often businessmen will spend a few minutes talking about the weather or sports before a meeting. This form of small talk only lasts a few minutes before the American businessman wants to get down to business.Asians are very skilled at making casual conversation. However, they often find it difficult to make small talk with Americans because they don’t know what to say, how to say it and who to say it to. Americans may see Asians who are reluctant to make small talk as unfriendly and cold.American people ask others how it is going because （）.A.they are curious about others’ affairsB.they are eager to help othersC.they want to start a long conversationD.they only want to show their kindness11.It’s conventional wisdom in the United States that the American education system is a mess. Since the rest of the world loves to criticize Uncle Sam, that view is held even more strongly elsewhere. But wait a minute. If education really is the source of economic success, as experts continually claim, American schools can’t be too bad. If they were, the American economy would not be the wonder of the world, able to create good jobs at a pace that others can only envy, and with a huge advantage in many of the key technologies of the next centurey. Specially, American high schools can’t be a disaster area. The proof lies in the quality of American universities. In any reasonable ranking of the best 100 universities of the world, the United States would dominate the list. College professors are not alchemists(炼金术士), they cannot turn base metal into gold. (I know; I used to be one.) If the output of American higher education is as good as it seems to be, the input must be a lot better than Americans fear.We can at least be doubtful about some common claims. For example; it’s often said that the United States has a skill shortage in high technology - and the fact that Silicon Valley recruits (征募) heavily around the world is said to be evidence of that. But without more inquiry, we can’t know whether this is because American college graduates are stupid, or because that hightechnology sector has grown so fast that it cannot possibly satisfy all its demands for high-level skills from the United States.What do most Americans think of their education system ？（）AIt is not as good as it is supposed to be.BIt can satisfy the demands for the U. S.CIt is the best in the world.DIt is a wonder of the worl12.Young people in the United States have a wide variety of inte-rests apart from their school work. As children, both boys and girls play many of the same games. They swim, play baseball and basketball, go boating and camping, and have fun in many kinds of sports and outdoor activities.Numerous youth organizations give young people a chance to develop and broaden their interests, and to gain experience in working with others. Among these groups are the Boy Scouts, which serves more than four million boys, the Girl Scouts, with nearly three million girls, and the Boys’ Club of America, with over one million participants. These and other groups are guided by adults who volunteer their services. Civic, cultural and religious groups also sponsor special programs for young people.In farm areas, boys and girls learn to work together in agriculture, homemaking and citizenship activities through more than 158 360 clubs which have about 4 420 932 members. In these clubs youths compete for prizes in raising farm animals and growing crops.Secondary schools offer students a wide variety of activities to develop talents and skills. There are clubs for photography, music, theater, art, stamp collecting, natural science and debating. Often schools have orchestras, bands and singing groups as well as a variety of competitive sports for boys and girls.Most schools and colleges have some form of student government with election to choose class representatives. These elected officers speak for their fellow students at student council meetings with teachers and school officials. They also organize social activities and take part in such community projects as raising money for public welfare.Many young people hold part-time jobs after school hours. Thousands earn money delivering newspapers or helping care for infants and young children in private homes. Later, when they go to college, many youths continue to work part-time at a variety of jobs to help pay their expenses.For several weeks during the summer vacation, about five million school-age children go to camps where they get plenty of recreational activity and learn various skills. There are more than 10 000 camps operated by private citizens and organizations. College students often work as counselors(顾问) at these camps.Youth organizations in the US try to （）.Adevelop the students’ interests and social abilities