2023年福建专升本考试考试真题卷（1）.docx

2023年福建专升本考试考试真题卷（1）本卷共分为2大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共25题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.It is hard to predict how science is going to turn out, and if it is really good science it is impossible to predict. If the things to be found are actually new, they are by definition un known in advance. You either have science or you don’t, and if you have it you are obliged to accept the surprising and disturbing pieces of information, along with the neat and promptly used bits.The only solid piece of scientific truth about which I feel totally confident is that we are profoundly ignorant about nature, l regard this as the major discovery of the past hundred years of biology. It would have amazed the brightest minds of the 18th century Enlightenment(启运动) to be told by any of us how little we know and how bewildering the way ahead seems. It is this sudden confrontation with the depth and scope of ignorance that represents the most significant contribution of the 20th century science to the human intellect. In earlier times, we either pretended to understand how things worked or ignored the problems, or simply made up stories to fill the gaps. Now that we have begun exploring in earnest, we are getting glimpses of how huge the questions are, and how far from being answered. Because of this, we are de pressed. It is not so bad being ignorant if you are totally ignorant.But we are making a beginning, and there ought to be some satisfaction. There are probably no questions we can think up that can’t be answered, sooner or later, including even the matter of consciousness. To be sure, there may well be questions we can’t think up, ever, and therefore limits to the reach of human intellect, but that is another matter. Within our limits, we should be able to work our way through to all our answers, if we keep at it long enough, and pay attention.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about scientists in earlier times（）AThey invented false theories to explain things they didn't understand.BThey falsely claimed to know all about nature.CThey did not believe in results from scientific observation.DThey paid little attention to the problems they didn't understan2.About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: So, how have you been And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied. Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little de pressed lately.This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were depressed until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. WhyHuman development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately(不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children（）AIt enables children to gain more social information.BIt develops children's interest in reading and writing.CIt helps children to memorize and practice more.DIt can control what children are to learn.3.About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: So, how have you been And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied. Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little de pressed lately.This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were depressed until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. WhyHuman development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately(不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.The phenomenon that today's children seem adult-like is attributed by the author to （）Athe widespread influence of televisionBthe poor arrangement of teaching contentCthe fast pace of human intellectual developmentDthe constantly rising standard of living4.About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: So, how have you been And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied. Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little de pressed lately.This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were depressed until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. WhyHuman development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately(不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.What does the author think of the change in today's children（）AHe feels amused by their premature behavior.BHe thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.CHe considers it a positive development.DHe seems to be upset about it.5.About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: So, how have you been And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied. Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little de pressed lately.This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were depressed until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. WhyHuman development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately(不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world（）Athrough contact with societyBgradually and under guidanceCnaturally and by biological instinctDthrough exposure to social information6.About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: So, how have you been And the boy-who could not have been more than seven or eight years old-replied. Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little de pressed lately.This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were depressed until we were in high school.The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists. WhyHuman development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television. Television passes information, and indiscriminately(不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.According to the author, feeling depressed is（）Aa sure sign of a psychological problem in a childBsomething hardly to be expected in a young childCan inevitable phase of children's mental developmentDa mental scale present in all humans, including children7.Opinion is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most do attach great importance to it. I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, and Everyone’s entitled to his opinion, are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.Is that label accurate Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend What do you think of the new Ford cars And he may reply, In my opinion, they’re ugly. In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste. But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not state their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and delib