2023年福建大学英语考试真题卷（8）.docx

2023年福建大学英语考试真题卷（8）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BATrainers.BClowns.CAcrobats.DMagicians. 2.BQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BABuilding relationship with outer space.BMaking profits.CCreating a stepping-stone to scientific research.DFostering international scientific cooperation. 3.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAThey bought the motorbike.BThey had no time.CThey didnt want a refrigerator.DTheres nothing wrong with the old one. 4.BPassage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAThe police.BA bee-keeper.CA beeper.DThe poor motorist. 5.BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAThe Philippines.BBrazil.CMexico.DGuatemala. 6.BPassage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./BAPhilip was a rude boy.BPhilip was asked to leave the library.CPhilip was not old enough to read in this library.DPhilip damaged the book by falling it to the floor. 7. BHow to Get Lucky and Live a Charmed Life/B For centuries, people have recognized the power of luck and have done whatever they could to try seizing it. Take knocking on wood, thought to date back to pagan rituals aimed at eliciting help from powerful tree gods. We still do it today, though few, if any, of us worship tree gods. So why do we pass this and other superstitions down from generation to generation The answer lies in the power of hick. BLive a Charmed life/B To investigate scientifically why some people are consistently lucky and others arent, I advertised in national periodicals for volunteers of both varieties. Four hundred men and woman from all walks of life-ages 18 to 84responded. Over a ten-year period, I interviewed these volunteers, asked them to complete diaries, personality questionnaires and IQ tests, and invited them to my laboratory for experiments. Lucky people, I found, get that way via some basic principles- seizing chance opportunities; creating self-fulfilling prophecies through positive expectations; and adopting a resilient attitude that turns had luck around. BOpen Your Mind/B Consider chance opportunities: Lucky people regularly have them; unlucky people dont. To determine why, I gave lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, and asked them to tell me how many photos were inside. On average, unlucky people spent about two minutes un this exercise; lucky people spent seconds. Why Because on the papers second page-in big type-was the message "Stop counting: There are 43 photographs in this newspaper." Lucky people tended to spot the message. Unlucky ones didnt. I put a second one halfway through the paper: "Stop counting, tell the experimenter you have seen this and win250." Again, the unlucky people missed it. The lesson: Unlucky people miss chance opportunities because theyre too busy looking for something else. Lucky people see what is there rather than just what theyre looking for. This is only part of the story. Many of my lanky participants tried hard to add variety to their lives. Before making important decisions, one altered his route to work. Another described a way of meeting people. He noticed that at parties he usually talked to the same type of person. To change this, he thought of a color and then spoke only to guests wearing that color-women in red, say, or men in black. Does this technique work Well, imagine living in the canter of an apple orchard. Each day you must collect a basket of apples. At first, it wont matter where you look. The entire orchard will have apples. Gradually, it becomes harder to find apples in places youve visited before. If you go to new parts of the orchard each time, the odds of finding apples will increase dramatically. It is exactly the same with luck. BRelish the Upside/B Another important principle revolved around the way in which lucky and unlucky people deal with misfortune. Imagine representing your country in the Olympics. You compete, do well, and win a bronze medal. Now imagine a second Olympics. This time you do even better and win a silver medal. How happy do you think youd feel Most of us think wed be happier after winning the silver medal. But research suggests athletes who win bronze medals are actually happier. This is because silver medalists think that if theyd performed slightly better, they might have won a gold medal. In contrast, bronze medalists focus on how if theyd performed slightly worse, they wouldnt have won anything. Psychologists call this ability to imagine what might have happened, rather than what actually happened, "counter-factual" thinking. To find out if lucky people use counter-factual thinking to ease the impact of misfortune, I asked my subjects to imagine being in a bank. Suddenly, an armed robber enters and fires a shot that hits them in the arms. Unlucky people tended to say this would be their bad luck to be in the bank during the robbery. Lucky people said it could have been worse: "You could have been shot in the head." This kind of thinking makes people feel better about themselves, keeps expectations high, and increases the likelihood of continuing to live a lucky life. BLearn to Be Lucky/B Finally, I created a series of experiments examining whether thought and behavior can enhance good fortune. First come one-on-one meetings, during which participants completed questionnaires that measured their luck and their satisfaction with six key areas of their lives. I then outlined the main principles of luck, and described techniques designed to help participants react like lucky people. For instance, they were taught how to be more open to opportunities around them, how to break routines, and how to deal with Awhy people try hard to seize luckBwhy people worship gods since ancient timeCwhy some people are always lucky and others arentDwhy people are feeling lucky while worshiping gods 8.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BAGo to see Cirque du Soleil in town.BGo shopping.CGo to meet the magician.DGo to see Cirque du Soleil with the woman. 9.BPassage One/B Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except "Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just pay attention to what Im feeling." Mostly we mean several things at once. A parson wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, "This step has to be fixed before Ill buy." The owner says, "Its been like that for years." Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: "I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you " The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said. When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues alter a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A fiends unusually docile(温顺的) behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a parson who says "No!" to a series of charges like "Youre dumb!" "Youre lazy!" and "Youre dishonest!" may also say "No!" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is "And youre good looking." We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words: "Its surely nice to have you by my side." can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes:Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners if _. Athey use proper words to carry their ideasBthey both speak truly of their own feelingsCthey try to understand each others ideas beyond wordsDthey are capable of associating meaning with their words 10.BQuestions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard./BATyping.BDrawing a picture.CDoing exercise.DPlaying the piano. 11.BPassage One/B Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We dont always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words dont mean anything except "Im letting off some steam. I dont really want you to pay close attention to what Im saying. Just pay attention to what Im feeling." Mostly we mean several things at once. A parson wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, "This step has to be fixed before Ill buy." The owner says, "Its been like that for years." Actually, the step hasnt been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: "I dont want to fix it. We put up with it. Why cant you " The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said. When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues alter a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A fiends unusually docile(温顺的) behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a parson who says "No!" to a series of charges like "Youre dumb!" "Youre lazy!" and "Youre dishonest!" may also say "No!" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is "And youre good looking." We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words: "Its surely nice to have you by my side." can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes:"Im letting off some steam" (Line 5 Para. 1 ) means _. AIm just calling your attentionBIm just saying what I dont really want to sayCIm just saying the oppositeDIm just giving off some sound 12. BHow to Get Lucky and Live a Charmed Life/B For centuries, people have recognized the power of luck and have done whatever they could to try seizing it. Take knocking on wood, thought to date back to pagan rituals aimed at eliciting help from powerful tree gods. We still do it today, though few, if any, of us worship tree gods. So why do we pass this and other superstitions down from generation to generation The answer lies in the power of hick. BLive a Charmed life/B To investigate scientifically why some people are consistently lucky and others arent, I advertised in national periodicals for volunteers of both varieties. Four hundred men and woman from all walks of life-ages 18 to 84responded. Over a ten-year period, I interviewed these volunteers, asked them to complete diaries, personality questionnaires and IQ tests, and invited them to my laboratory for experiments. Lucky people, I found, get that way via some basic principles- seizing chance opportunities; creating self-fulfilling prophecies through positive expectations; and adopting a resilient attitude that turns had luck around. BOpen Your Mind/B Consider chance opportunities: Lucky people regularly have them; unlucky people dont. To determine why, I gave lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, and asked them to tell me how many photos were inside. On average, unlucky people spent about two minutes un this exercise; lucky people spent seconds. Why Because on the papers second page-in big type-was the message "Stop counting: There are 43 photographs in this newspaper." Lucky people tended to spot the message. Unlucky ones didnt. I put a second one halfway through the paper: "Stop counting, tell the experimenter you have seen this and win250." Again, the unlucky people missed it. The lesson: Unlucky people miss chance opportunities because theyre too busy looking for something else. Lucky people see what is there rather than just what theyre looking for. This is only part of the story. Many of my lanky participants tried hard to add variety to their lives. Before making important decisions, one altered his route to work. Another described a way of meeting people. He noticed that at parties he usually talked to the same type of person. To change this, he thought of a color and then spoke only to guests wearing that color-women in red, say, or men in black. Does this technique work Well, imagine living in the canter of an apple orchard. Each day you must coll