2023年美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷（7）.docx

2023年美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试考前冲刺卷（7）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.What activity orders would be appropriate for a client with an internal radium implant for cervical cancerA. Out of bed as tolerated within the room.B. Bed rest with bathroom privileges.C. Bed rest in position of comfort.D. Bed rest with the head of the bed flat. 2.A 10-year-old child with appendicitis is being prepared for surgery. Which of the following would be the nurses first actionA. Administer an enema.B. Insert a nasogastric tube.C. Obtain vital signs.D. Administer antibiotics. 3.The mother of a 2-year-old child tells the nurse that her baby is using a potty seat but is still having problems toilet-training. Which of the following suggestions by the nurse would he most appropriateA. Offer the child more praise each time.B. Use a potty chair instead of a potty seat.C. Focus on the "accidents" that occur during training.D. Defer training until the child is developmentally ready. 4.An adolescent client immobilized in a spica cast complains of having trouble breathing after meals. Which of the following actions would be bestA. Encourage the client to drink more between meals.B. Teach the adolescent purse&lip breathing.C. Give the client a laxative after meals.D. Offer the client small feedings several times a day. 5.The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client during a routine physical examination. To assess the Bakinskis reflex, indicate the point where the nurse would place the tongue blade to begin the stroke of the foot.A. AB. BC. CD. D 6.The nurse is caring for a client with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. Which of the following nursing measures should be included in the plan of careA. Encourage regular use of antidiarrheal medications.B. Incorporate frequent rest periods into the clients schedule.C. Have the client maintain a high-fiber diet.D. Wear a gown when providing direct client car 7.Which of the following activities should the nurse discourage the client with a peptic ulcerA. Chewing gum.B. Smoking cigarettes.C. Eating chocolate.D. Taking acetaminophen (Tylenol). 8.The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis of the clientA. Excess fluid volume related to anemia.B. Imbalanced nutrition related to nausea.C. Activity intolerance related to fatigue.D. Impaired home maintenance related to neurological impairment.9.Which of the following would be LEAST appropriate to assess in a mother who is breast-feedingA. The attachment of the neonate to the breast.B. The mothers comfort level with positioning the neonate.C. Audible swallowing.D. The neonates lips smackin 10.The nurse is caring for a client undergoing IV antibiotic therapy with gentamicin sulfate. Which of the following interventions is most importantA. Infuse the medication quickly to minimize its irritating effect on the walls of blood vessels.B. Obtain renal function tests, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, throughout the course of therapy.C. Assess for pulmonary and peripheral edema.D. Obtain an order for an antiemetic to counteract the common adverse effect of nause 11.A 34-year-old client at 32 weeks gestation tells the nurse that her baby will be sick because she saw a dead dog on the road yesterday. Whats the best response by the nurseA. "Your baby will be fine. Thats just superstition. "B. "Dont worry. Well make sure your baby is okay. "C. "I can see that you are concerned. Lets talk about whats bothering you. "D. "Perhaps so. Your baby should be seen by a physician as soon as its born. " 12.The nurse is caring for a client who has just had a modified radical mastectomy with immediate reconstruction. Shes in her 30s and has two young children. Although shes worried about her future, she seems to be adjusting well to her diagnosis. What should the nurse do to support her copingA. Tell the clients spouse or partner to be supportive while she recovers.B. Encourage the client to proceed with the next phase of treatment.C. Recommend that the client remain cheerful for the sake of her children.D. Refer the client to the American Cancer Societys Reach for Recovery program or another support program. 13.The nurse is preparing to discharge a child who has rheumatic fever. Which of the following medications is prescribed to prevent recurrence of rheumatic feverA. Glucocorticoids.B. Digoxin.C. Antibiotics.D. Anti-inflammatory medications. 14.The nurse is giving instructions to a client who is going home with a cast on his leg. Which point is most criticalA. Using crutches properly.B. Exercising joints above and below the cast, as ordered.C. Avoiding walking on a leg cast without the physicians permission.D. Reporting signs of impaired circulation. 15.The nurse is caring for a client with otosclerosis scheduled to undergo a stapedectomy. The client asks the nurse when her hearing will improve. Which response by the nurse is most appropriateA. Your hearing may not improve but youll no longer be bothered by tinnitus.B. Your hearing may be dramatically improved right after surgery.C. You may notice improved hearing within 1 to 2 weeks.D. Your hearing may improve 3 to 6 weeks after surgery. 16.A child with rheumatic fever complains of painful joints. What nonpharmacologic measures should the nurse use to reduce the childs painA. Performing gentle passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises.B. Gently massaging the painful joints.C. Using a bed cradle to keep linens off the joints.D. Encouraging position changes in bed every 2 hours. 17.The nurse is assessing a 71-year-old female client with ulcerative colitis. Which assessment finding related to the family will have the greatest impact on the clients rehabilitation after dischargeA. The familys ability to take care of the clients special diet needs.B. The familys expectation that the client will resume responsibilities and role-related activities.C. Emotional support from the family.D. The familys ability to understand the ups and downs of the illness. 18.A client with coronary artery disease reports intermittent chest pain that occurs with exertion. The physician prescribes sublingual nitroglycerin. When teaching the client about nitroglycerin administration, the nurse should include which instructionA. "Be careful after taking nitroglycerin because it may cause dizziness. "B. "Make sure you replace your nitroglycerin tablets every 6 months to ensure potency. "C. "A burning sensation after taking nitroglycerin indicates medication potency. "D. "When you experience chest pain, take one tablet every 30 minutes until the pain is relieved. " 19.A 14-year-old female client in skeletal traction for treatment of a fractured femur is expected to be hospitalized for several weeks. When planning care, the nurse should take into account the clients need to achieve what developmental milestoneA. Autonomy.B. Initiative.C. Industry.D. Identity. 20.The nurse is teaching a client who receives nitrates for the relief of chest pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse emphasizeA. Repeat the dose of sublingual nitroglycerin every 15 minutes for three doses.B. Store the drug in a cool, well-lit place.C. Lie down or sit in a chair for 5 to 10 minutes after taking the drug.D. Restrict alcohol intake to two drinks per day. 21.The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with a bowel obstruction. The nurse should wear sterile gloves whenA. inserting an indwelling urinary catheter.B. giving a back rub on intact skin.C. changing an oxygen system.D. inserting an IV catheter. 22.The nurse is interviewing a 19-year-old female at a clinic. Its her first visit, and she says that she has been exposed to herpes by her boyfriend. Initially, with primary genital or type 2 herpes simplex, the nurse would expect the client to haveA. burning or tingling on the vulva, perineum, or vagina.B. dysuria and urine retention.C. perineal ulcers and erosions.D. bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy. 23.The nurse is caring for a client with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). What is the most likely laboratory finding in the early stages of this diseaseA. Increased carboxyhemoglobin.B. Decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2).C. Increased partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2).D. Decreased bicarbonate (). 24.Which of the following nursing interventions would be included in the care of a client with anorexia nervosa as therapy progressesA. Let the client eat alone to avoid embarrassment.B. Weigh the client once a week in the same clothing.C. Monitor the client for self-destructive tendencies.D. Praise the client for "looking better" and remind the client that she isnt "too fat. " 25.The nurse is taking the health history of an 85-year-old client. Which information will be most useful to the nurse for planning careA. General health for the last 10 years.B. Current health promotion activities.C. Family history of diseases.D. Marital status. 26.The nurse is providing postoperative care for a client recovering from abdominal surgery. The client is receiving morphine through a client-controlled analgesia pump. Which finding would indicate that the client is obtaining adequate pain reliefA. Awakening several times during the night to redose.B. Respiratory rate of 10 breaths/minute.C. Pain rating of 2 or 3 on a scale of 0 to 10.D. Complaint of itching as an adverse effect of the analgesi 27.A client is taking spironolactone (Aldactone) to control her hypertension. Her serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. For this client, the nurses priority would be to assess herA. neuromuscular function.B. bowel sounds.C. respiratory rate.D. electrocardiogram (ECG) results. 28.A 3288. 5g baby boy is born by spontaneous vaginal delivery. During the initial assessment at 1 hour postpartum, the nurse notices lanugo, acrocyanosis, mongolian spots, and hemangiomas. Which of these is an abnormal finding in a neonateA. Lanugo.B. Acroeyanosis.C. Mongolian spots.D. Hemangiomas. 29.The nurse is teaching a client with a history of atherosclerosis. To decrease the risk of atherosclerosis, the nurse should encourage the client toA. avoid focusing on his weight.B. increase his activity level.C. follow a regular diet.D. continue leading a high-stress lifestyl 30.A high school student is referred to the school nurse for suspected substance abuse. Following the nurses assessment and interventions, what would be the most desirable outcomeA. The student discusses conflicts over drug use.B. The student accepts a referral to a substance abuse counselor.C. The student agrees to inform his parents of the problem.D. The student reports increased comfort with making choices. 31.The nurse is teaching a psychiatric client about her prescribed drugs, chlorpromazine and benztropine. Why is benztropine administeredA. To reduce psychotic symptoms.B. To reduce extrapyramidal symptoms.C. To control nausea and vomiting.D. To relieve anxiety. 32.The nurse is caring for a client who underwent a total hip replacement. What should the nurse and other caregivers do to prevent dislocation of the new prosthesisA. Keep the affected leg in a position of adduction.B. Use measures other than turning to prevent pressure ulcers.C. Prevent internal rotation of the affected leg.D. Keep the hip flexed by placing pillows under the clients kne 33.The nurse is providing care to a client with catatonic type of schizophrenia who exhibits extreme negativism. To help the client meet his basic needs, the nurse shouldA. ask the client which activity he would prefer to do first.B. negotiate a time when the client will perform activities.C. tell the client specifically and concisely what needs to be done.D. prepare the client ahead of time for the activity. 34.A male client with a total hip replacement is progressing well and expects to be discharged tomorrow. On returning to bed after ambulating, he complains of severe pain in the surgical wound. Which action should the nurse takeA. Assume hes anxious about discharge, and administer pain medication.B. Assess the surgical site and affected extremity.C. Reassure the client that pain is a direct result of increased activity.D. Suspect a wound infection, and monitor the clients temperature and vital signs. 35.Shortly after being admitted to the coronary care unit with an acute myocardial infarction (MI), a client reports midsternal chest pain radiating down the left arm. The nurse notices that the client is restless and slightly diaphoretic, and measures a temperature of 99. 6°F (37.6), a heart rate of 102 beats/minute; regular, slightly labored respirations at 26 breaths/minute; and a blood pressure of 150/90mmHg. Which nursing diagnosis takes highest priorityA. Risk for imbalanced body temperature.B. Decreased cardiac output.C. Anxiety.D. Acute pain. 36.A recent immigrant from Vietnam is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement with this clientA. Client teaching about the cause of T.B. Reviewing the risk factors for T.C. Developing a list of people with whom the client has had contact.D. Client teaching about the importance of T testin 37.A 6-year-old girl has been hospitalized with rheumatic fever for 4 weeks. Her symptoms have gradually subsided, and shes now ready for discharge. Which of the following plans for her health care is most important for her future well-beingA. Arrange for her to return to school as soon as possible to promote psychosocial development.B. Encourage her to engage in unrestricted physical activity to regain physical strength.C. Arrange for the administration of prophylactic antibiotics to prevent a recurrence of rheumatic fever.D. Maintain seizure precautions, as central nervous system involvement may persist for several months. 38.Which of the following positions is most appropriate for a neonate with congenital hip dislocationA. Semi-Fowlers with both legs flexed.B. Le