2023年山西公共英语考试考前冲刺卷（1）.docx

2023年山西公共英语考试考前冲刺卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports and exports (the balance of trade), the balance of payments includes private foreign loans (and interest); loans by governments, central banks, and international organizations; and movements of gold or reserve currencies.An international medium of exchange is required for international trade. From the late 1800s until World War I, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerable to short-term changes in the gold supply.After the financial instability of the 1930s, the international monetary system was rebuilt following World War on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the U. S. dollar; reserves were kept in dollars, which could be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price (#35 on ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund (IMF), a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient countries, a frequently criticized practice.The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance of payments deficits lowered U. S. gold reserves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered system was adopted. Government banks maintained fixed gold prices, while non-governmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing rights (SDRs) were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes did not relieve strain on the U. S. dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.The gold-exchange standard differs from the gold standard in that().Ait does not establish a generally accepted international medium of exchange.Bit establishes no relationship between the value of a given currency and the value of gold.Cthe relationship it established between the value of any currency and the value of gold is indirect rather than direct.Dit is a two-tiered rather than a single-tiered system.2.The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports and exports (the balance of trade), the balance of payments includes private foreign loans (and interest); loans by governments, central banks, and international organizations; and movements of gold or reserve currencies.An international medium of exchange is required for international trade. From the late 1800s until World War I, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerable to short-term changes in the gold supply.After the financial instability of the 1930s, the international monetary system was rebuilt following World War on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the U. S. dollar; reserves were kept in dollars, which could be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price (#35 on ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund (IMF), a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient countries, a frequently criticized practice.The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance of payments deficits lowered U. S. gold reserves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered system was adopted. Government banks maintained fixed gold prices, while non-governmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing rights (SDRs) were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes did not relieve strain on the U. S. dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.As a measure of money flow, the balance of payments differs from the balance of trade primarily because of its greater().Aspecificity.Baccuracy.Cusefulness.Dcomprehensiveness.3.What was the matter with y6u this morning You looked () you hadn't slept for the last twenty-four hours.A.so asB.thatC.as ifD.like that4.No sooner had they got the goods covered up () it started raining hard.A.whenB.thanC.thenD.after5.-Sorry, but I must go and catch the plane now. -Can we () a time for another discussionA.dateB.fixC.makeD.prepare6.-Can I help you -I' d like to have a()of China Daily.A.pieceB.sheetC.loafD.copy7.How the fire in the dancing hall started () a mystery.A.to remainB.remainsC.remainD.is remaining8.All the members in the jury agreed that the man was () of theft (行窃).A.criminalB.chargedC.guiltyD.faulty9.The villagers have offered much help to us and we think we should do something for them().A.in returnB.in placeC.in fashionD.in danger10.All my neighbors tried to help in some way. But they turned out to be actually () the way.A.inB.onC.withD.beyond11.An old friend from abroad, () I was expecting to stay with, telephoned me from the airport.A.thatB.whomC.asD.which12.The middle-aged man was seen () out of the house on the afternoon of the murder.A.cameB.ComeC.to comeD.have come13.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.21().AinBuponCatDon14.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.22().AwellBgoodCsuperbDwonderful15.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.23().AwhereBhowCwhatDunless16.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.24().AregulationBclimateCcircumstanceDrequirement17.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.25().AinBuponCatDon18.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.26().AregulationsBprinciplesCexamplesDexceptions19.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.27().AatBinConDwith20.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successful safety programs may (30) greatly in the emphasis placed (31) certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by (32) rules or (33) . (34) others depend on an emotional appeal (35) the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety (36) . The (37) the injury (38) , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference (39) operating at (40) or at a loss.28().AstopBcontinueCinterruptDconstruct21.Industrial (21) does not just happen. Companies (22) low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and (23) working to keep them (24) and active. When the work is (25) done, a (26) of accident-free operations (27) established (28) time lost due to injuries is kept (29) a minimum.Successf