2023年湖南大学英语考试模拟卷（1）.docx

2023年湖南大学英语考试模拟卷（1）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the conversation.How was the registered airmail letter sent to LondonABy express train.BBy maglev.CBy sea.DBy air. 2.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage.When did the USA report the largest measured wave in historyA1973.B1983.C1993.D2003. 3.Questions 21 to 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.Which statement is INCORRECT about the two attackersAThey were dressed as women.BTheir identities were still unclear.CThey protected themselves from being injured in the explosion.DThey detonated explosives on a Shiite Mosqu 4.Questions 27 to 29 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.What happened to Fofana when he was in Ivory CoastAHe was sentenced to death by the court there.BHe was shot to death by the policemen there.CHe was been delivered to France.DHe was released for lack of evidenc 5.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the passage.Whats the main idea of the passageAThe life of the chimpanzee.BThe cleverness of the chimpanzee.CThe study on the chimpanzee.DThe reproduction of the chimpanze 6.Question 30 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.AThe earthquake in Pakistan.BThe reconstruction after the disaster.CThe destruction in the disaster.DThe compensation from the government. 7.Questions 24 to 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.How is the situation in Kosovo nowADelicate.BStable.CChaotic.DAwkwar 8.Traditional superstitions and beliefs (31) disappear altogether; they assume new forms and (32) to contemporary conditions. (33) in the 21st century, people may dismiss their forefathers customs and practices (34) superstition, many are still current. A Friday which falls on the 13th of a month is widely feared as (35) , and so are spilling salt and walking (36) a ladder. Belief (37) the power of mascots is far from (38) ；the lucky rabbits foot, like the horseshoe, is a popular charm. Certain foods, too, (39) their ancient lore. Many people, for example, accept the old adage "an apple a day keeps the doctor away". One aspect of traditional (40) which is still very much (41) today is folk medicine. When the causes of illness were totally (42) , and disease seemed to (43) without any reason, it was often (44) to evil spirits taking over the body. To (45) the patient, the demons of disease must be driven put, and many "cures" were spells and charms intended to exorcise these. Until (46) modem limes, even "official" medicine was very unpleasant, with no anaesthetics or pain-killers, and a (47) success rate. Few people, in any case, could afford it, and most relied on folk healers and magic. There was an enormous range of herbal (48) , some of which have since been found to have actual healing properties. (49) were worn to ward off disease, and a wide variety of seemingly strange objects, such as church furnishings, were (50) with powers of healing.AoftenBalreadyCseldomDalways 9.Socrates, the Greek philosopher of Athens, was the son of Sophroniscus, a sculptor. It is said that in early life he practiced his fathers art. In middle life he married Xanthippe, who is legendary as a shrew, although the stories have little basis In ascertainable fact. It is not certain who were Socratess teachers in philosophy, but he seems to have been acquainted with the doctrines of Parmenides, Heraclitus, Anaxagores, and the atomists. He was widely known for his intellectual powers even before he was 40, when, according to Platos report of Socratess speech in the "Apology", the oracle at Delphi pronounced him the wisest man in Greece. In that speech Socrates maintained that he was puzzled by this acclaim until he discovered that, while others professed knowledge without realizing their ignorance, he at least was aware of his own ignorance. Socrates became convinced that his calling was to search for wisdom about right conduct by which he might guide the intellectual and moral improvement of the Athenians. Neglecting his own affairs, he spent his time discussing virtue, justice, and piety wherever his fellow citizens congregated. Some felt that he also neglected public duty, for he never sought public office, although he was famous for his courage in the military campaigns in which he served. In his self-appointed task as gadfly to the Athenians, Socrates made numerous enemies. Aristophanes burlesqued Socrates in his play "The Clouds" and attributed to him some of the faults of the Sophists (professional teachers of rhetoric). Although Socrates in fact baited the Sophists, his other critics seem to have held a view similar to that of Aristophanes. In 399 he was brought to trial for corrupting youth and for religious heresies. Obscure political issues surrounded the trial, but it seems that Socrates was trialed also for being the friend and teacher of Alcibiades and Critias, both of whom had betrayed Athens. The trial and death of Socrates, who was given poison hemlock to drink, are described with great dramatic power in the "Apology", the "Crito", and the "Phaedo" of Plato. Socratess contributions to philosophy were a new method of approaching knowledge, a conception of the soul as the seat both of normal waking consciousness and of moral character, and a sense of the universe as purposively mind-ordered. His method, called dialectic, consisted in examining statements by pursuing their implications, on the assumption that if a statement were true it could not lead to false consequences. The method may have been suggested by Zeno of Flea, but Socrates refined it and applied it to ethical problems. His doctrine of the soul led him to the belief that all virtues converge into one, which is the good, or knowledge of ones true self and purposes through the course of a lifetime. Knowledge in turn depends on the nature or essence of things as they really are, for the underlying forms of things are more real than their experienced exemplifications. This conception leads to a teleological view of the world that all the forms participate in and lead to the highest form, the form of the good. Plato later elaborated this doctrine as central to his own philosophy. Socratess view is often described as holding virtue and knowledge to be identical, so that no man knowingly does wrong. Since virtue is identical with knowledge, it can be taught, but not as a professional specialty as the Sophists had pretended to teach it. However, Socrates himself gave no final answer to how virtue can be learned.Which of the following is TRUE about Socratess lifeAThe legend of Socratess wife is well-grounded.BSocrates is a disciple of Parmenides.CSocrates was not famous until he was 40.DSocrates didnt realize he was the wisest man in Greece at first. 10.Durable goods like high-definition plasma TVs last longer than a typical family vocation, so most economists and retailers would probably advise you to invest in some tangible thing rather than a trip to an amusement park to keep the family happy. But a psychologist says: Not so fast! The memories of experiences such as vocations last longer and can contribute more to happiness than can material possessions, says happiness researcher Leaf Van Boven of the University of Colorado at Boulder. He suggests that experiences are more open to positive reinterpretation years after the fact-your mental editing will help you forget how long you stood in line and remember more vividly your childs joy on the merry-go-round. "The nice thing about memory is that we sort of forget about all those inconveniences," Van Boven explains. "We put this very favorable spin on experiences, and thats harder to do for material possessions, because they are what they are." And if the high-def TV goes on the fritz, so you cant watch your home movies anyway, its great to have memories to rely on. Memory-malting experiences have even more value than material possessions in their contribution to social relationships, Van Bovan argues. Experiences have "social value, and we know that social relationships are a huge component of well-being and life satisfaction." Experiences also help individuals achieve personal goals in ways that material goods usually cannot, such as challenging oneself to overcome fear by rock climbing, learning a new skill such as dancing, or cleansing ones soul by volunteering for a summer. Material things are less likely to have this effect on peoples lives, or even to be viewed this way, says Van Boven. He adds that people who pursue experiences rather than possessions are often more admired by others: "When you are known as being experiential, you become a more likeable person than when you are known as a materialistic person." But it may be easier just to buy toys to make as happy, rather than planning a memorable and rewarding vacation, and the trend in the United States is toward fewer and shorter vacations. "I think part of the reason is that its very easy to believe that we are going to take a lot of vacations in the future, but for right now, we need to work hard to earn the money so that we can go take these vacations. We know this doesnt always happen," Van Boven concludes.What is the psychologists point of viewAMaterial possession can not keep family happy.BMemories of experience contribute more to happiness.CMaterial possessions are more valuable.DWere inclined to remember those unhappy experiences. 11.Traditional superstitions and beliefs (31) disappear altogether; they assume new forms and (32) to contemporary conditions. (33) in the 21st century, people may dismiss their forefathers customs and practices (34) superstition, many are still current. A Friday which falls on the 13th of a month is widely feared as (35) , and so are spilling salt and walking (36) a ladder. Belief (37) the power of mascots is far from (38) ；the lucky rabbits foot, like the horseshoe, is a popular charm. Certain foods, too, (39) their ancient lore. Many people, for example, accept the old adage "an apple a day keeps the doctor away". One aspect of traditional (40) which is still very much (41) today is folk medicine. When the causes of illness were totally (42) , and disease seemed to (43) without any reason, it was often (44) to evil spirits taking over the body. To (45) the patient, the demons of disease must be driven put, and many "cures" were spells and charms intended to exorcise these. Until (46) modem limes, even "official" medicine was very unpleasant, with no anaesthetics or pain-killers, and a (47) success rate. Few people, in any case, could afford it, and most relied on folk healers and magic. There was an enormous range of herbal (48) , some of which have since been found to have actual healing properties. (49) were worn to ward off disease, and a wide variety of seemingly strange objects, such as church furnishings, were (50) with powers of healing.AadoptBadaptCcontinueDgo 12.The aging of society in Japan foreshadows challenges ahead for other advanced industrial nations like the United States. About 20% of the Japanese population is over age 65 (compared with 12% in the United States), and Japan is wrestling with many consequences of this unprecedented and ongoing population shift. Typical of the unexpected impacts is an increase in the number nationwide of kodokushi ("lonely death"), referring to an elderly person who has died with no relatives or friends to provide care in the last days, weeks, or even months. Traditionalists point to this ruefully as evidence of the collapse of the conventional family sys- tem and the erosion of networks of local community ties. The larger society is responding in several ways to the trend toward aging alone. One response is coming from massive housing complexes, especially those where the median age is soaring as oldsters live longer. To promote social ties, housing complexes are opening community centers that are staffed 365 days a year from 11 A. m. to 6 p.m. by volunteers, most of whom are seniors. Housing officials are promoting greeting campaigns that encourage residents to say hello to one another-with the hope that such social niceties extend to true social connection. Officials at these complexes also conduct patrols that check for unclaimed mail in the boxes of residents, and they ask the gas company to alert them when an elderly resident stops using gas. As aging alone leads to death alone, new services are emerging from both for-profit and nonprofit organizations. One new for-profit company, called Keepers, was founded in 2002 to perform such services as cleaning up the mess commonly found when a body is discovered in a disheveled fiat. Keepers does this in the Japanese way, with euphemisms, discretion, and diplomacy artfully employed to make grieving relatives and friends experience the least amount of public suffering and remorse, perhaps, for neglect. Keepers is now getting about 30 kodokushi-related requests a month. Funerals are another issue being addressed outside the family. For example, a nonprofit group called Ending Center works to honor the wish of many elderly Japanese to be buried under the shadow of large venerable cherty blossom trees during the two-week cherry blossom season. The Center facilitates the arrangements long before illness, promising the signers they will be interred in a group grave alongside of friends (often from the same housing complex or neighborhood). The grave will receive perpetual care, and the burial ceremony will include a live jazz concert followed by readings from the Buddhist sutras and some Christian prayers-a quintessential Japanese mix of new, old, and revered.Which of the following is NOT true about Japan nowadaysAThe aging of society will be a challenge for Japan.BJapan is working hard to cope with its population problems.CLonely death means the death of an elderly perso