2023年福建职称英语考试考前冲刺卷.docx

2023年福建职称英语考试考前冲刺卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BSilence Please If there is one group of workers across the Western world who will be glad that Christmas is over, that group is shop workers. It is not that they like to complain. They realize that they are going to be rushed off their feet at Christmas. They know that their employers need happy customers to make their profits that pay their wages. But there is one thing about working in a shop over Christmas that is too bad to tolerate. That thing is music. These days, all shops and many offices have what is known as "Piped music" or "muzak" playing for all the hours that they are open. Muzak has an odd history. During the 1940s, music was played to cows as part of a scientific experiment. It was found that cows which listened to simple, happy music produced more milk. Perhaps workers and customers who listened to simple, happy music would be more productive and spend more money. In fact, nobody knows what effect playing muzak in shops has on profits. It is simply something that everybody does. But we are learning more about the effect of constantly repeated hearings of songs on the people who have to hear them all the time. Research shows that repeated hearings of complex pieces of music bring greater enjoyment before becoming tiresome. And that point come much sooner with simple songs. "Thats especially the case with tunes that are already familiar. Once that tipping point is reached, repeated listening become unpleasant, says Professor John Sloboda of UKs Keele Universitys music psychology group. "And the less control you have over what you hear, the less you like it. Thats why police forces in the US often try and resolve hostage situations by playing pop songs over and over again at high volume. Eventually, it becomes too much for the criminals to stand and they give up. The problem gets particularly bad at Christmas, when the muzak consists entirely of the same few festive tunes played over and over again. What makes it worse for the shop workers is that they already know these runes. They get bored very quickly. Then they get irritated. Then they get angry. Shop workers in Austria recently threatened to go on strike for the right to silence. "Shop workers cant escape the Christmas muzak. They feel as if they are terrorized all day. Especially Jingle Bells. It arouses aggressive feelings," said Gottfried Rieser, of the Austrian shop workers union. It is not just shop workers who complain. A survey this year by UK recruitment website Retailchoice. com found that Christmas is not only the most testing time for shop workers, but that almost half had complaints from customers about muzak. And the British Royal National Institute for the Deaf estimates that some stores play Jingle Bells 300 times each year. "Thats acoustic torture, says Nigel Rodgers of Pipedown. A group against muzak. "Its not loud but the repetitive nature causes psychological stress. " The group wants the government to legislate against unwanted music in stores, hospitals, airports, swimming pools and other public places, claiming it raises the blood pressure and depresses the immune system. Perhaps groups like Pipedown dont really have much to complain about. After all, surely the real point is that people have money to spend. Why complain about a bit of music According to the article, which of the following most appropriately indicates the nature of the effect repeated hearing of the same tune produces on the hearer ASocial.BPhysical.CPsychological.DBoth physical and psychological. 2.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AsuccessBsenseCsceneDpoint 3.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AfindBsearchClookDwatch 4.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AtiredBhungryCdamagedDbroken 5.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AwayBplayCriseDbirth 6.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AplaceBfoodCreferenceDinformation 7.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer programs What is the missing element that our theories dont yetU (51) /Ufor The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories U (52) /Ua reason to learn more about what they are interested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dontU (53) /U have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find out when they read. If a computerU (54) /U is to be amodelof story understanding, it should also read for a "purpose". Of course, people have several goals that do not makeU (55) /Uto attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guide in order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to U (56) /Ua good place to go for a business lunch. Computers do notU (57) /U, and computers do not have business lunches. However, these physiological and social goals giveU (58) /Uto several intellectual or cognitive(认识的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to findU (59) /Uabout the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, how expensive the restaurant is, the U (60) /Uof the restaurant, etc. These are goals toU (61) /Uinformation or knowledge, what we are callingU (62) /Ugoals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might "want" to find out the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do soU (63) /Uthe same way as a person might. While such a goal would notU (64) /Uout of hunger in the case of the computer, it mightU (65) /Urise out of the "goal" to learn more about restaurants. AdistrictBlocationCregionDdirection 8.阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，没处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。Man and Computer What makes people different from computer