英语翻译素材管理英语3阅读翻译32篇(完整版)10875.pdf

管理英语 3 阅读翻译 32 篇（完整版）管理英语 3 Passage 1 Managing Oneself We live in an age full of opportunities:If you are smart enough,and have got ambition and keep pushing forward,you can rise to the top of your chosen profession,no matter where you started out.But with opportunity comes responsibility.Companies today arent managing their employees careers.Professional workers must be their own chief executive officers(CEO).Its up to you to strive for your place,to keep yourself engaged and productive during a working life that may last around 50 years.To do those things well,youll need to have a deep understanding of yourself not only what your strengths and weaknesses are,but also how you learn,how you work with others,what your values are,and where you can make the greatest contribution,because only when you operate from strength can you achieve true excellence.Historys great achievers Napolon,da Vinci,and Mozart have always managed themselves.But they are so unusual both in their talents and in their accomplishments as to be considered rare exceptions.Now,most of us,even those of us with modest talents,will have to learn to manage ourselves.We will have to learn to develop ourselves.We will have to place ourselves where we can make the greatest contribution.And we will have to stay mentally alert and engaged during a 50-year working life,which means knowing how and when to change the work we do.自我管理 我们生活在一个充满机遇的时代无论你从哪里开始，如果你既聪明过人，又有远大抱负，并且勇往直前，那么你就可以在自己所选的职业领域中出类拔萃。但是，随着机遇而来的便是责任。现在的公司已经不管理员工的职业生涯，自由职业者必须成为自己的首席执行官(CEO)。在大约五十年的职业生涯中，能否积极上进、勤奋工作、取得成效取决于你自己。要把事情做好，你需要对自己有一个深刻的了解，不仅仅是你的优缺点，还有你的学习方式，你与人共事的方式，你的价值观，以及你能作出最大贡献的领域。因为只有当你充分发挥自己的长处时，你才能做到真正优秀。历史上那些取得伟大成就的人拿破仑，达芬奇和莫扎特，他们一直在管理自己。正因为他们既才智过人，又成就非凡，所以人们把他们视为少之又少的例外。现在，我们中的大多数人，即使智力平平，也都得学会自我管理。我们不得不学会发展自己。我们应该把自己放到能作出最大贡献的位置。在将近五十年的工作生涯中，我们必须让自己时刻头脑清醒，全神贯注，这意味着我们该了解转变我们现有工作的方式和时机。Passage 2 “War for Talent”Goes on in Job Market The“war for talent”reads like headlines from many years ago,but it has never gone away,says Eleanor Nickerson,director of UK operations for Top Employers.Many companies they have researched are short of talents.Though the companies may receive many applications,they cannot find the people they want.Top Employers research shows that offering good career chances is the key to attracting and keeping the talent.Smart employees know their own value and will want to know what their employers can offer them after 5 or 10 years career development.So,keeping staff is the biggest challenge employers face in the long run.Yet not every employee feels that they can better their career chances.Some are still nervous about losing their jobs,despite a recent fall in unemployment,says the Trades Union Congress(TUC).TUC points out that some four-fifths of new jobs created have been in part of the economy where average pay rates are less than 8 an hour since the recession began.Many of these jobs are on temporary or zero-hours contracts.A report from the Office for National Statistics published in February showed that real wages have been falling consistently since 2010.Its the longest period since at least 1964.“Were still in the hardest living standards squeeze for over a century and those who are already working have had years of real-terms pay cuts,”says TUC spokesperson Liz Chinchen.“Understanding the pressures that staff face is a good starting point for any employer.If employers want to show concern for their staff,they should be paying them well and understand that zero-hours contracts bring insecurity and extreme money worries.”求职市场上的“人才之战”顶尖雇主的英国业务主管 Eleanor Nickerson 说，“人才争夺战”看起来像许多年前的头条新闻，但它从未离开过我们的眼球。他们调查的许多公司都缺乏人才。虽然那些公司可能会收到很多应聘申请，但他们找不到他们想要的人才。顶尖雇主的研究表明，提供优厚的事业发展前景是吸引和留住人才的关键。聪明的员工知道自身价值，并希望知道雇主在他们 5-10 年的职业发展后可以给他们提供什么。所以，从长远来看，留住员工是雇主面临的最大挑战。但是，并不是每位员工都觉得他们能够获得更好的事业发展机会。贸易联盟大会（TUC）表示，虽然近期失业率有所下降，但有些人仍然担心失去工作。TUC 指出，自经济衰退开始以来，约有五分之四的新就业机会是来自于平均工资水平低于时薪8英镑的工业，其中许多工作是临时或零时工合同。2 月份发布的国家统计局的报告显示，自 2010 年以来，实际工资一直在持续下降。这是自 1964 年以来最长的时期。TUC 发言人 Liz Chinchen 说：“一个多世纪以来，我们的生活水平一直处于最艰难的状况，而且，多年来员工的收入实际上一直在减少。”“了解员工面临的压力是每一位雇主的良好起点。如果雇主想要关心他们的员工，他们应该很好地支付他们，并理解零时工合同给员工带来不安全感和极大的金钱忧虑。Passage 3 Organization Structure in Hoogle Engineering Im Michael Bush,Managing Director of Hoogle Engineering.I am pleased to welcome you here to our website and Id like to tell you a little about the company and its organization.Hoogle Engineering was set up in 1960.It was divided into several departments at that time,such as the sales department,marketing department,and production department.Lots of managers were employed to manage it all.Fortunately things are different now.Sixty people are employed by Hoogle and communication between departments is considered to be one of the most important aspects of the business.The market is global so we need to make contact with customers worldwide,not just locally.But in the old days we were all in different departments and never spoke to each other.We had a tall structure.Traditionally we had people at the first level on the shop floor,manufacturing products according to the instructions which they were given.Then you had a supervisory level of people who supervised them every day.Then you moved up to the middle management,who were doing the tasks of getting new business,and then you had the senior management team,and then you had the board,who decided the business strategy.So there were a lot of levels in the company in the old days actually.The structure today is that we form teams within teams to place people who can manufacture a product.Each team has members that can manufacture different products.The actual teams now are self-managing,so we dont even have team leaders.Youve got the teams,and then youve got two people,only two people,who are what you think of as management.This is generally called flat structure.Hoogle 工程公司的组织结构 我是 Hoogle 工程公司的主管麦克 布什。欢迎你来到我们的网站，请允许我为你介绍一下公司及其结构的情况。Hoogle 工程始建于 1960 年，当时被分为几个部门，如销售部、营销部和生产部。我们要聘请许多管理人员来管理各个部门。幸运的是现在的情况不一样了。Hoogle 雇佣了六十个人，而部门之间的沟通被认为是业务中最重要的一个方面。市场是全球性的，所以我们需要与全球的客户密切联系,而不仅仅是本地客户。但在过去，我们在不同的部门,也没有互相沟通。以前，我们是直线式结构，车间里的一线员工按照指令生产产品，会有一个管理层人员每天监督他们。当你上升到要处理新业务的中层管理时,你就会有高级管理团队,你上面有董事会来决定业务策略。因此，在过去的年代，一个公司有很多层级管理。现在的结构是，我们在团队内组建小团队，安排能够生产同一产品的人员在其中。每个团队都有可以制造不同产品的成员。现在的团队是自我管理的，所以我们甚至不需要团队领袖。你有团队，然后你有两个人，只有两个人，这就是你认为的管理。这通常被称为扁平式结构。Passage 4 Human Resources Management Human Resources Management(HRM)is the process of managing people and their relationships in an organization.These two processes are important in the success and growth of a business.In managing people,staffing is the most important component of HRM.It needs to make guidelines and procedures for hiring and placement.Staffing also involves the management of employees on matters like monitoring of holidays,absences,health and safety,disciplinary action,and dismissal.Another important element of HRM in managing people is keeping the employees in the company.The training of employees to enable them to improve their career development is very important.Good HRM policies ensure that there are clear regulations which show the pay levels for the different positions in an organization.It is important for the staff to know the career path,pay,training and other opportunities that are available to them.Performance management is another important component of HRM.The reason for this is that many employers use it to evaluate career improvement and to determine pay increases.The secondary role of HRM is the management of the relationships among people in an organization.This includes staff within departments as well as across the whole organization.The relationship between staff and management is an important factor in the success of an organization.It decides how fast an organization will realize their goals.The focus of HRM is the people within an organization.Regular planning,monitoring and evaluation are important for the success of HRM.Successful management ensures that all employees know their role,career development and also feel part of an organization.人力资源管理 人力资源管理（HRM）是在一个组织里管理人员和他们之间的关系的过程，这两个过程对于企业的成功和发展至关重要。在管理人员方面，人事工作是人力资源管理最重要的内容，得制定招聘和安置的指导方针和章程。人事工作也包含对员工的管理，如休假、缺勤、健康与安全、纪律处分和解雇等事项。人力资源管理在人员管理上另一个重要作用是留住员工在公司。提升员工职业发展能力的培训十分重要。优质的人力资源管理能够保证公司有明确的制度实行以岗定薪，重要的是让员工了解他们可能得到的职业前景，薪资，培训和其他机会。绩效管理是人力资源管理的另一个主要内容，这样做的原因是，许多雇主用它来评估职业提升和确定加薪。人力资源管理的另一个内容是管理员工之间的关系，这包括部门内以及整个机构的人员。员工与管理层之间的关系是一个机构成功的重要因素之一。它决定了机构实现其企业目标的快慢。人力资源管理的重点是机构内部的人。常规规划、记录和评价对人力资源管理的成功非常重要。成功的管理确保所有员工都知道他们的角色、职业发展以及归属感。Passage 5 Save Money by Understanding Why You Spend it To save money,you simply need to spend less than you earn.It is easy to say,but why is it so difficult to do?To answer this question,you need to study the factors that keep you spending all the time.Easy access to credit For most people,this is the biggest reason for overspending.People can easily get a credit card,simply by filling out a short form in a bank or going to their website.They can borrow money from banks to go shopping,even buy cars or houses.When you arent physically handing someone money or a check for a purchase,you will feel you are spending free money or you arent spending money at all.Try using cash to get your spending under control.Misusing credit cards A credit card is an interest free short-term loan.When used as planned,this can be a powerful financial tool.The problem is when you begin to let the balance continue from month to month.If you make a$200 purchase on your credit card and find out that at the end of the month you cant afford to repay the full amount,this is when the high interest rates on the cards really begin to hurt you.That is no way of saving money.Giving in to temptation We all need to enjoy life,but dont waste your financial future for a few guilty pleasures today if they arent in your budget.When you know that you cant afford an activity,dont give in.Instead,invite your friends over for a home dinner party,game night,or some other activities where you can still enjoy time together,but without breaking your budget.Spending to feel good Everyone enjoys getting something new buying yourself something feels good.There is absolutely nothing wrong with this,as long as you dont?go overboard.Youll feel good about your purchase whether you make it with cash or by credit card,but youll feel even better when you dont have to spend the next two years trying to pay it off with 20%interest.知道为何花钱才知道如何省钱 为了省钱，你的花费只要不超过你挣得的钱就行。但为什么说得容易做的难呢？回答这个问题，你需要研究一下是哪几个因素让你一直不停的花钱。容易获得信贷 对大多数人来说，这是超支最大的原因。信用卡获取方便，人们只需要在银行或在其网站上填写一个简易表格就行。有了信用卡，人们就可以从银行借钱去购物，甚至去买汽车或房子。当你在购物时不是实实在在用现金或支票付款，你会觉得你在免费消费或者完全没有花钱。试着用现金付款来控制你的消费。滥用信用卡 信用卡是短期的无息贷款。如果有计划的使用，信用卡是一个强有力的金融工具。问题是你何时开始可以保持每月的收支平衡。如果你用信用卡支付了 200 美元后，发现在这个月底你不能全额偿还，这时高利率可能真的开始伤害你了。那当然更不是省钱的办法。屈服于诱惑 我们都需要享受生活,但是如果有些消费不在你的预算内，就不要让今天的一些负罪享乐影响你的未来财务状况。当你知道自己负担不起有些开销时，就别被诱惑了。不如邀请你的朋友来家里聚餐,设计家庭游戏夜,或一些其他的活动,这样你既没有超出预算，也可以和朋友们一起享受时光。支出感觉良好 每个人都喜欢得到一些新的东西给自己买东西的感觉总是很好的。只要不过火，这件事就没有任何错。无论你用现金还是用信用卡支付，你都会感觉良好，不过，当你随后两年不用被迫还清附加20%高利息的债务时，感觉会更好。Passage 6 Three Steps to a Good Marketing Budget Without good budget management,you are likely to overspend on marketing accidentally.Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget.Step 1:Organize financial information The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation.You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future.Although income flows change throughout the year,you must organize the information based on reliable revenue the minimum amount of money your company makes each month.A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses,not the total revenue that comes in.When you have determined the amount of disposable income available for the company,you should determine where the money will go.Step 2:Determine where you want to spend marketing funds After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing,the next step is how you plan to spend that money.Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds:the budget amount,your past experiences,and where you can reach the right audience.You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount.Besides,you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past.Also,you need to consider which marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience.Step 3:Assess data and make appropriate changes The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue.Ultimately,marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue.If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost,then it is better to change strategy and try something else.Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy.Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or services.However,a good budget alone is not enough.You have to take action and remain committed to following through your plan.By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions,you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing.三个步骤做好营销预算 如果你不做好预算管理，可能在做营销时不小心就超支了。这里介绍三个步骤帮助你做好营销预算。步骤 1:整理财务信息 第一步是要弄清楚你当前的财务状况。你要知道公司每月的收入和未来可能出现的变化。虽然全年收入量在变化,你必须基于可靠的收入数据公司每月的最低收入额来整理信息。一个切实可行的预算方案永远关注的是大于支出的收入，而不是总收入。一旦确定了公司现有的可支配收入，你就应该确定如何花这些钱。步骤 2:确定如何支配营销资金 下一步就是当你知道可用于营销的资金总额后，你就应该计划如何花这些钱。三个因素决定如何使用营销资金：预算额度、以往经验和寻找目标客户。基于已有额度你要开始策划如何使用这些资金。除此之外,你需要考虑以往工作中的营销策略，还要考虑寻找目标客户的营销渠道。第三步:评估数据和适当调整 做好一个营销预算的最后一步是分析，即对可提高收入的计划和可能产生的变化进行分析。市场营销的最终目的是带来额外收益。如果营销活动不带来任何额外的收入，那么最好是改变战略,尝试别的方法。数据评估是制定有效市场营销策略的重要一环。评估始于对产品销售和服务的过去的业绩与现状进行比较。然而,仅仅有一个好的预算方案是不够的。你必须付诸行动,继续致力于实施你的计划。在你决策时，只有不忘预算，你才有机会找到多种策略和相应措施，达到商业目标，并防止营销超支。Passage 7 Road Closure Procedures in Sydney To minimize traffic jams in the city center and on major roads out of Sydney,the citys Highway Department will not agree to road closures scheduled for weekdays or Saturdays.On minor roads outside the city center,weekdays and Saturdays may be considered.You must apply for approval to do roadwork and other road-related activities,tree cutting and use of very large construction machinery,ladders,etc.Please note that approval is needed if you plan to block the road or footpath.Applications to have a road closed to traffic must be completed and sent to the Departments Traffic Calming Committee at least a month before the scheduled date.Roads can be closed partially or fully,depending on your requirements.Partial road closures are only allowed in light traffic areas where there will be at least 1 lane for traffic with extra traffic control measures to make sure 2-way traffic can continue to run for the duration of the work.Any change of traffic flow will require the proposal to be treated as a full road closure.For further information about a partial road closure,please refer to Contacts.If you are organizing a parade,march or other type of street-based event,approval is also required and