课件书面表达专练.pptx

书面表达专练【写作任务】写一篇有关汉语的文章。【写作内容】1汉语是世界上最古老的语言之一；也是联合国的工作语言之一；2现在世界上越来越多的人说汉语；3随着中国的发展与强大，汉语将在国际交流中起着重要的作用。【写作要求】1以上要点必须包含在作文之中，不能逐词翻译。2词数：120左右。【写作分析】第一步：认真审题1本文属于说明文，说明文是文章的体裁的一种，用于说明事物的特点和性能。要写好说明文，应注意以下几点：(1)准确把握介绍的对象。根据写作目的和要求，抓住事物的最主要的特点，做到有的放矢，让读者更容易了解所介绍的事物。(2)语言要求准确、简洁、贴切。写介绍类说明文，语言要通俗易懂，实事求是。【写作分析】第一步：认真审题1本文属于说明文，说明文是文章的体裁的一种，用于说明事物的特点和性能。要写好说明文，应注意以下几点：(1)准确把握介绍的对象。根据写作目的和要求，抓住事物的最主要的特点，做到有的放矢，让读者更容易了解所介绍的事物。(2)语言要求准确、简洁、贴切。写介绍类说明文，语言要通俗易懂，实事求是。(3)说明事物的过程思路要清晰，层次性强，有条理，有助于读者的理解。2本文可分为三部分。第一部分概述汉语是世界上最古老的语言之一；第二部分阐述汉语的重要性；最后一部分可简单展望一下汉语的未来或鼓励人们学习汉语。第二步：提炼要点1.the most ancient languages in the world2.be spoken by more and more people3.the official languages of United Nations4.play a more important part in5.be learned and taught第三步：扩点成句1Chinese is one of the most ancient languages in the world.2Although English is used all around the world,more and more people speak Chinese nowadays.3Chinese is also one of the official languages of the United Nations.4Now that China is becoming stronger,Chinese will certainly play a more important part in international communication.5More and more people in the world are beginning to learn Chinese and many famous universities have set Chinese course.【参考范文】The language of ChineseChinese is one of the most ancient languages in the world.Although English is used all around the world，more and more people speak Chinese nowadays.You will hear Chinese spoken in many countries and areas.Chinese is also one of the official languages of the United Nations.Now that China is becoming stronger,Chinese will certainly play a more important part in international communication.More and more people in the world are beginning to learn Chinese and many famous universities have set Chinese course.Im sure that it is a good idea for people from other countries to learn Chinese.【亮点展示】1.本篇范文是一篇关于汉语的介绍文章。文章介绍了汉语的历史和今天在国际上的地位及作用，并号召人们积极地去学习汉语。文章语言简洁，逻辑性强。2.范文时态语态运用正确，句式多变，句中应用了although和now that引导的状语从句，过去分词作宾补；不定式作宾语从句的真正主语等多种语法结构。3.词汇运用灵活高级，如：ancient；play a more important part等高级词汇。由此可见作者扎实的英语功底。【写作模板】在说明文的写作中可以使用下面这些过渡词：1展开段落论证时常用的句式、短语：第一层次(首先)in the first place/in the beginning/first(firstly)/first of all/to begin with/for one thing/I want to begin by saying./My first reason is that./The main factor is.第二层次(其次)second(secondly)/in the second place/for another/The second solution is that.第三层次(第三点)third(thirdly)/besides/in addition/furthermore2将事物的正反、好坏两方面，或者将两种不同事物进行比较、对比时常用的句式、短语：然而：while,whereas,but,however,nevertheless尽管如此：in spite of,despite the fact(that)，even so但在另一方面：but on the other hand与相比：in/by comparison with.，compared to.，by/in contrast(to/with)与相反：as opposed to.，instead of.，on the contrary,instead事实上：as a matter of fact,Its a matter of fact(that).，in fact任何事物都是一分为二的。Every coin has two sides.它们的区别如下：The differences are as follows：A与B的不同在于：A is different from B in.，The difference between A and B is/lies in.3常用作结尾的句式、短语：It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to.Hence,we can conclude that.Therefore,no one can deny that.As a consequence,the more we are aware of the importance of this famous saying,the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.她父母死了，给他留下了许多钱。(ving作结果状语)_劳动力短缺仍然是个问题。(remain adj./n.意为“仍然是，保存”)_Her parents died,leaving him a lot of money.It remains a problem that we are short of labor.1佳句仿写A small number of words have completely different meanings between the two dialects,or are even unknown or not used in one of them._ 在两种方言中有少量的词汇有完全不同的意思或在其 中一种方言中这些词汇甚至根本不知道或不使用。2翻译佳句，放眼高考Period FourGrammar：Review of Verb Forms(1)1表示经常发生的动作、习惯性行为，表示现状、特征或真理、永恒的客观事实。一般现在时常用下列副词或短语来作时间状语：always，often，never，seldom，usually，once a week，now等。It seldom snows here.这地方很少下雪。He is always ready to help others.他总是习惯帮助别人。The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕着太阳转。一、一般现在时2用于时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句中表示将要发生的动作，其主句用一般将来时。I will tell you when he comes.他来时我会告诉你的。Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.明天我们将要去郊游，除非天下雨。Though the task is very hard,we will not give it up.尽管任务很艰巨，可是我们是不会放弃的。3表示一个按计划或安排将要发生的动作，或者表示根据时间的安排将要出现的状态。通常用的动词有begin，come，leave，go，arrive，start，stop，return，open，close等。The meeting begins at six.会议6点钟开始。The train arrives at the station at 5 in the morning.火车将在早晨5点钟进站。【单项填空】Planning so far ahead _ no senseso many things will have changed by next year.Amade Bis makingCmakes Dhas made解析考查动词的时态。句意：计划这么超前毫无意义到明年许多事情会发生变化的。前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故排除。因此选C。C1表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。与这种时态连用的时间状语常有now，these days，recently，this week等。Listen，someone is crying.听，有人在哭。What are you doing these days?你最近在忙些什么？二、现在进行时2与always，all the time，forever连用，表示频繁发生的动作，相当于“老是”，表示说话人某种赞赏或厌恶的感情。He is always helping others.他总是帮助别人。The girl is always getting up late.这女孩老是起晚。3动词go，come，leave，arrive等表将要发生的动作。They are leaving for Shanghai.他们要去上海了。Are you meeting him when you arrive there?你到那儿要跟他见面吗？【单项填空】I hear you_in a pub.Whats it like?Well,its very hard work and Im always tired,but I dont mind.Aare working Bwill workCwere working Dwill be working 解析考查动词的时态。句意为：我听说你在酒吧里上班，这份工作怎么样？哎，这是份辛苦活，老感到累，不过我不介意。对话所用的现在时表明现在还在酒吧里上班，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。故选A。A1表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，还有可能持续下去。与这一时态连用的时间状语有：already，yet,just,ever,never,by now,so far,recently，since，for短语。连词since引导的时间状语从句。We have lived here since 1991.我们从1991年就住在这儿。Great changes have taken place in our city in the past few years.最近几年我们的城市有了很多变化。三、现在完成时2到现在为止这一时期中发生的动作或情况，即多次动作的总和。We have learnt four English songs this month.这一个月我们学会了四首英文歌曲。How many times have you read the novel?这本小说你读了几遍？For many days we havent seen each other.我们已经好多天没见面了。3表示对现在有影响的、某个已经发生的动作。The delegation has left.代表团已经走了。(说明现在不在这里)4表示短暂性动作的瞬间动词在完成时中不与表示时间段的状语或疑问词连用。这样的动词有finish，marry，come,go,leave,get up,buy,fall,join,begin等。He has left.他已经走了。He has been away for six years.他已经走了6年了。【单项填空】It is the most instructive lecture that I_since I came to this school.Aattended Bhad attendedCam attending Dhave attended 解析考查动词的时态。句意为：自从我到这个学校以来，这是我所听到的最有教育意义的演讲。since自从以来，引导过去时的从句时，主句用现在完成时。故选D。D表示将要发生的动作或情况，主要从时间的角度表示将要发生的动作或情况。与这个时态连用的时间状语有tonight,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next week，in three hours,two days later等。He will have a bike of his own next week.他下周就会有自己的自行车。四、一般将来时其他表示将来的用法：1be going to结构：表示打算或准备做某事时。表示有发生某事的预兆。They are going to have a competition with us.他们打算跟我们来一场比赛。It is going to rain.天要下雨了。2be about to do sth结构：意为“刚要做某事”“马上要做某事”，强调时间之紧迫性，不与具体时间状语连用，常与when 起连用。We are about to discuss this problem.我们将马上讨论这个问题。I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正打算要出去，这时候电话响了。3be to do sth.结构：表示按计划、安排、规定将实施某事或表示注定会发生某事。All these things are to be answered.这些事情都要得到答复。We are to meet at the school gate at six in the morning.我们定于早晨6点在学校碰头。【单项填空】In the near future,more advances in the robot technology_by scientists.Aare making Bare madeCwill make Dwill be made 解析考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。in the near future表明了将来的时间，more advances与 make主谓关系上存在着被动，故选D。D易错句型，难分难解研究近几年全国各省市高考题发现，基础知识的考查越来越受到重视。由于对一些易混句型认识不清，尤其是三大从句(定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句)，强调句以及并列句的混淆，导致考生大量失分。下面以近几年高考题，各地模拟题为例，对易错考点进行分析，以帮助广大考生顺利地备考。1_is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.AIt BWhat CAs DWhich【易错警示】易错点：as引导的非限制性定语从句，what引导的主语从句，it作形式主语和that引导的主语从句的混合考查。错误原因：不能正确地把握句子结构。解题思路：(注意划线部分的细微差别)what is known to us all是主语从句，所以选B；若选A，应该是：It is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London，it是形式主语，that从句作真正的主语；若选C，应该是：“As is known to us all,the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London”，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的整个主句；此句还可以变成：“That the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London is known to us all”，that引导主语从句。2013/3/20322Where did you get to know her?It was on the farm_we worked.Athat Bthere Cwhich Dwhere【易错警示】易错点：强调句与it句式的混合考查。错误原因：把it开头的句子都误认为是强调句。解题思路：强调句的结构是：It is/was被强调部分that/who其它，它的判断方法是：如果去掉It is/was和that/who，剩下的仍然是一个完整的句子，是强调句，否则就要考虑这个it句式可能包含定语从句或状语从句。此题中where引导定语从句，在定语从句中作状语，先行词是farm。但奇怪的是，本句去掉It is/was 和要填的部分后仍然完整，所以很多同学选择A，误认为是强调句，实际上根据语境：你是在哪儿认识她的？我是在我们工作过的农场认识她的。所以本句是一个包含定语从句的省略的强调句。补全应该是：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.所以选D。知识拓展：强调句与含有状语从句的it句式的混合考查。(1)It was/will be时间段before从句，意思是“过才/就”注意：before引导的从句不能用将来时，只能用一般现在时或一般过去时。本句型的主句不能用一般现在时。在before前的时间暗示“多久”，译为“才”，在before前的时间暗示“短暂”，译为“就”。(2)It is/has been/was/had been时间段 since从句，意思是“自从”。注意：since从句若用一般过去时态，主句动词用is或has been，若since从句用过去完成时态，主句动词用was或had been。since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，如果从句的谓语动词是延续性动词，翻译成否定，因为时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。常见的延续性动词有：enjoy，smoke，live,teach等。如：It is three years since I smoked.It is three years since I stopped smoking.“我不吸烟有三年了。”如果要说：“我吸烟有三年了”，应该是：It is three years since I began to smoke.。(3)It was时刻when从句意思是“当时候”。(4)含有not until的强调句：“It was not until.that其它”，或当强调句的被强调部分是时间时很容易和其它句型混淆。例：It was not until midnight_they reached the camp site.Athat Bwhen Cwhile Das解析句中含有not until的强调句。AIm sorry youve been waiting so long,but itll still be some time_Brian gets back.Abefore Bsince Ctill Dafter解析句中：It will be时间段before从句。句意：仍然要过一段时间Brian才能回来。ADid Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was not yet eight oclock_he arrived home.Abefore Bwhen Cthat Duntil解析句中含有“It was时刻when从句”句型。句意：他到家时还不到八点。BThat was really a splendid evening.Its years_I enjoyed myself so much.Awhen BthatCbefore Dsince解析“It is/has been时间段since从句”句型。句意：我好多年没有这么高兴过了。DIt was some time later_we realized the truth.Auntil Bbefore Cthat Dsince解析强调句，被强调部分是some time later。C3Mom,what did your doctor say?He advised me to live_the air is fresher.Ain where Bin whichCthe place where Dwhere【易错警示】易错点：where引导的定语从句和where引导的状语从句和名词性从句的混合考查。错误原因：对定语从句的定势思维。解题思路：where引导的定语从句和where引导的状语从句和名词性从句的区别：where引导的定语从句有先行词，而状语从句和名词性从句没有先行词。联系：where状语从句引导词介词where名词性从句引导词介词先行词where定语从句引导词(介词先行词介词which定语从句引导词)本题考查的是where引导的状语从句，所以选D，不能换成B。如果要换成定语从句，全句为：He advised me to live in the place where the air is fresher.4Mount Wuyi is such an attractive place of interest_everyone likes to visit.Athat BasCwhich Dwhat5His plan was such a good one _we all agreed to accept it.Aso Band Cthat Das一些家长的观点子女必须沿着父母为其选择的道路努力.必要时采用高压手段.另一些家长的观点孩子应该自由发展.赏识教育，好孩子是夸出来的.你的观点.(至少两点)实例展示2010年，中国“虎妈”蔡美儿以其给两个女儿列出绝对不允许做的“十不准”在全球一炮走红。由此而引发的有关如何教育子女的争论愈演愈烈。请就此给China Daily 投稿，阐明家长们的不同观点，并发表自己的见解。注意：1对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。3作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。Amy Chua,a professor at Yale Law School,who listed ten“Donts”to her two daughters became famous overnight.She insists that parents should be very strict with their children.It has caused a heated online debate.Some parents insist that children should make every effort to live up to their parents expectations.They believe it is necessary to be strict with their children.They say parents who set high standards and push their kids to study and make achievements can ensure their childrens success in the future competition.Others,on the contrary,hold the opinion that children should have the right to make their own decisions and develop in their own way.Additionally,praise the children when they do well and encourage them when they are faced with challenges,and they will be great.In my opinion,those who are raised with the strict Chinese parenting style dont have the ability to think and act independently.They lack imagination,creativity and social skills.Parents should not put so much pressure on the children.Just give them suggestions and show respect to their own choices so that they will learn to be independent.义工旅行在国外是一种非常流行的旅行方式。当前，这种旅行方式在中国也越来越受欢迎。义工旅行指青年旅行者靠在青年旅舍做义工换取免费食宿，并在工作空余时间在当地游玩的旅行方式。请你根据下列要点写一篇100120词的短文。1.介绍义工旅行的情况；2.发表你对这一旅行方式的评论（如体验不同文化、节省开支）。参考词汇：义工volunteer 青年旅舍 youth hostelVolunteer Travel,which is familiar to foreigners,has nowadays become more and more popular in China.Young travelers volunteer to work for youth hostels so that they can eat and live there for free.At the same time,they can enjoy the local scenery in their spare time.In my opinion,volunteer travel has some advantages and benefits you a lot.It can save you a lot of money by providing free accommodations,which makes it possible for you to travel to many more places and experience different cultures.Meanwhile,volunteer travel enriches your life by offering different jobs in youth hostels,which also can change your way of life.Believe it or not,volunteer travel will be wonderful memories in your life.