m4u1-reading-languagepoint.ppt

高高 一一 英英 语语Module 4 Unit 1Language points授课教师授课教师：郑艳群：郑艳群Revision(Fill in the blanks)Advertisementshavebecomeapartofourlife.Therearetwomaint_ofadvertisements.One is called c _ advertisements,whicharem_top_aproductors_.Buttheydonttellpeoplethec_truth.AnotheroneiscalledPSAs,whichareoftenplacedforf_.Theyd_withmanys_problems,whichoftenaffectpublicw_.romoteompletereeealelfareerviceypesommercialeantocialNowadays,we can find advertisements almost wherever we go.We are so used to them that we often do not even realize(how many we see and hear in a day).I did some research on advertisements,and have some very important information to share with you.What is an advertisement?An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or service,or to believe in an idea.Newspapers,magazines,the internet,radio and television are the most common places to find them.There are two main types of advertisements commercial advertisements and public service advertisements(PSAs).A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service.PSAs are often run for free,and are meant to educate people about health,safety,or any other problem(that affects public welfare).Does an advertisement tell people the complete truth?Therearelawstoprotectpeoplefromadvertisements(thatcheatpeople).However,westillmustbeawareoftheskilfulmethods（usedinadstotryandsellusthings）.Evenifanaddoesnotlie,itdoesnotmean(itisaltogetherinnocent).Onetoothpasteaddeclares,Bright-Teethfightsbadbreath!thisstatementtriestofoolyouintoassuming(thatthetoothpastecuresbadbreath,yetitdoesnotsaythat)!All（itsays）is（thatitfightsit）,andthatisnotthesamethingatall.All（itsays）is（thatitfightsit）,andthatisnotthesamethingatall.Onegrocerytellscustomers,Youareproudofyourcooking,soshouldntyoubuytheveryfreshestfood?thisadisveryclever,becauseittellscustomers(theyaregoodcooks).However,itneversays(thatthisgroceryhasthefreshestfood)!Thegroceryjusthopes(thatwhenyoureadthead,youwillfeelpleasedwiththenicecomment,rememberthewordsfreshestfood,andmakeamentalconnectionwiththefoodinthegrocery).Wemustnotfallforthiskindoftrick!Public service advertisementsNotalladsplaytricksonusthough.PSAsusesomeofthesamemethods,likeattractivepicturesandcleverlanguage,buttheyaremade【toservethepublic】.PSAsaimtoteachusandhelpusleadbetterlives.OurgovernmentunderstandsthisandhasbeenusingPSAstoeducatepeopleformanyyears.Chinabegananationwidepublicserviceadvertisingcampaignin1996,andsincethenvarioustypesofPSAshaveappearedaroundthecountry.Finally,Iwishtotellyouthis:thinkaboutwhyyoushoulddothethings(theadsuggests),orbuytheproductorservice（thead promotes）.Whenitcomestoadvertisements,wemustalluseourintelligenceandnotbeaslavetothem!1.Nowadays,we can find advertisements almost wherever we go.wherever名词性从句和让步状语从句名词性从句和让步状语从句引导让步状语从句，表示引导让步状语从句，表示“不管在（到）哪里不管在（到）哪里”，相当于，相当于no matter where。如：Whereverhegoes,Illgo.不管他去哪里，我也去。2.We are so used to them that we often do not even realize(how many we see and hear in a day).so形容词或副词形容词或副词that.引导结果状语引导结果状语从句。意思是从句。意思是“如此如此以致于以致于”。当球迷看到贝克汉姆时，她们激动的哭了当球迷看到贝克汉姆时，她们激动的哭了出来。出来。When the football fans saw Beckham,they got so excited that they cried out.be used to sth/doing sth.习惯于某事习惯于某事/做某事做某事 e.g.I am not quite used to living here/city life.I used to live in Nanjing.Ex:The new machine _production.However I_it.A.is used to increase;am not used to controllingB.is used to increasing;dont used to controlC.used to increase;dont used to controlbe used to do sth.被用来做被用来做.Coal is used to cook.ABamboo _ houses.1)你以前常在星期天去钓鱼。你以前常在星期天去钓鱼。2)从前这里有一家餐厅。从前这里有一家餐厅。3)竹子可以用来建造房屋。竹子可以用来建造房屋。You _ on Sundays._ a restaurant here.used to go fishingThere used to becan be used to build3.A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to promote a product or service.不定代词不定代词one 作作定语从句定语从句的先行词的先行词，泛指，表示泛指，表示或指代前文所提事物中的一个或指代前文所提事物中的一个（可数名词的单数（可数名词的单数形式）。形式）。例如句中的例如句中的one就是指任何一种付费的、用来促就是指任何一种付费的、用来促销产品和服务项目的销产品和服务项目的a commercial advertisement。Her husband is a middle school teacher,one who is very popular with young men.她的丈夫是一位中学教师，是属于年轻人喜她的丈夫是一位中学教师，是属于年轻人喜欢的那一种教师。欢的那一种教师。one=a middle school teacher4.PSAs are often run for free,and are meant to educate people about health,safety,or any other problem(that affects public welfare).定语从句1)for free：free of charge/without payment 免免费的费的You can take the ticket for free.每个孩子都会得到一本免费的书。每个孩子都会得到一本免费的书。run vt（报刊）刊登，登出（文章，广告照片）（报刊）刊登，登出（文章，广告照片）2).be meant to do 目的是目的是/旨在做某事旨在做某事希望工程旨在帮助那些失学儿童。希望工程旨在帮助那些失学儿童。Project Hope is meant to help children who leave school.mean doing 意味着意味着mean to do 打算做打算做.This means getting up early.I mean to catch the early bus.5.Therearelawstoprotectpeoplefromadvertisements(thatcheatpeople).定语从句protect(from)保护保护免遭免遭我们应该保护地球免遭污染。我们应该保护地球免遭污染。We should protect the earth from pollution.stop/keep/prevent from 阻止阻止做某事做某事6.However,westillmustbeawareoftheskilfulmethods（usedinadstotryandsellusthings）.1)be aware of：realizing sth.that exists意意识到识到 2)名词名词+过去分词短语过去分词短语 在这个结构中，在这个结构中，过去分词短语相过去分词短语相当于一个定语从句。当于一个定语从句。the methods used in ads to try and sell us things =the method which are used in ads to try to sell us things 2)名词名词+过去分词短语过去分词短语 the bridge built 2000 years ago=the bridge that was built 2000 years ago the soldiers wounded in the battle=the soldiers who were wounded in the battle a book that is written by Jima knife that was made of bamboothe boy who was raised on the farmthe tree which was blown down in the winda man who is injured in the accidenta book written by Jima knife made of bamboothe boy raised on the farmthe tree blown down in the winda man injured in the accident1)We must be fully aware of the importance of the international situation today.2)司机没有意识到前面的危险。司机没有意识到前面的危险。The bus driver _ the danger ahead.3)我很清楚吸烟有害健康。我很清楚吸烟有害健康。I _that smoking is bad for our health.wasnt aware of am well aware7.Evenifanaddoesnotlie,itdoesnotmean(itisaltogetherinnocent).8.All（itsays）is（thatitfightsit）,andthatisnotthesamethingatall.9.This ad is very clever,because it tells customers(they are good cooks).However,it never says(that this grocery has the freshest food)!宾从宾从10.The grocery just hopes(that when you read the ad,you will feel pleased with the nice comment,remember the words freshest food,and make a mental connection with the food in the grocery).11.Not all ads play tricks on us though.1)not all 表示部分否定表示部分否定不是所有的学生都出席了今天下午的会议不是所有的学生都出席了今天下午的会议 Not all the students attended the meeting this afternoon.不是所有的学生都通过了考试。（还是有不是所有的学生都通过了考试。（还是有人及格）人及格）Not everybody/everyone has passed the exam.12.PSAsusesomeofthesamemethods,likeattractivepicturesandcleverlanguage,buttheyaremade【toservethepublic】.13.Youhaveprobablyseenorheardsomeofthemyourself,suchas,Yestolife,notodrugsandKnowledgechangeslife14.ThereareevenPSAstoteachushowtolivehealthylives.Oneoftheseis,Whenyousmokecigarettes,youareslowlykillingyourself.there be+主语主语+to do：主语与：主语与to do 之间一般之间一般是逻辑是逻辑动宾关系动宾关系，多是将来的动作。，多是将来的动作。There be+主语主语+doing：主语与：主语与doing之间是逻辑主谓关系，之间是逻辑主谓关系，doing作作定语，是经常性的、状态性的、正在定语，是经常性的、状态性的、正在进行的或即将发生的点动词。进行的或即将发生的点动词。15.Finally,I wish to tell you this:think about why you should do the things(the ad suggests),or buy the product or service（the ad promotes）.16.When it comes to advertisements,we must all use our intelligence and not be a slave to them!when it comes to.当涉及到当涉及到.，当谈到，当谈到.When it comes to classical music,we first think of Beethoven or Mozart.