高三复习《非谓语动词》.ppt
非谓语动词 语法讲解非非谓语动词doingdonetodo1.谓语动词与非谓语动词：谓语动词与非谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做在句子中担任谓语的动词，叫做谓语动词谓语动词；在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动在句子中担任主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等的动词，叫做词，叫做非谓语动词非谓语动词。Weshouldservethepeopleheartandsoul.Iamreadinganovel.Seeingisbelieving.Theresultsobtainedarequitesatisfactory.Pleasestopspeaking.（谓语谓语）（谓语谓语）（主语主语和和表语表语）（定语定语）（宾语宾语）非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件一个句子一个句子一个句子一个句子当中，当中，当中，当中，已经存在一个已经存在一个已经存在一个已经存在一个主句主句主句主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有又没有又没有又没有连词连词连词连词的情况下的情况下的情况下的情况下,还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,but leftherhandbagonherseat.主主语语表表语语宾宾语语定定语语补补语语状状语语todo-ingformdone非非谓语动词功能比较谓语动词功能比较一、现在分词的结构一、现在分词的结构 主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式一般式一般式doingbeing done完成式完成式having donehaving been done否定式否定式：在现在分词的前面直接加：在现在分词的前面直接加not不定式不定式Todotobedone非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语1.Todo2.Doing3.DoneI came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.不定式作状语不定式作状语in order to,so as to,1.1.表目的表目的2.表原因表原因We were very excited to hear the news.3.表结果表结果This room is big enough to hold us.enoughto,tooto,only to,etc.He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.-ing与与done作状语作状语现现在在分分词词(短短语语)与与过过去去分分词词(短短语语)作作状状语语,表表示示时时间间、原原因因、结结果果、条条件件、让让步步、方方式式或或伴伴随随情情况况等。等。Whenleavingtheairport,theywavedagainandagaintous.United,westand;divided,wefall.(=When/Ifweareunited)Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Climbingtothetopofthetower,wesawamagnificentview.(1)表示时间表示时间(2)表示原因表示原因Beingsick,Istayedathome.Shecaughtcoldsittingonthegrass.(3)表示条件表示条件Adoptingthismethod,wewillraisetheaverageyield（产量）产量）by40percent.Evenifinvited,Iwontgo.(4)表示让步表示让步Admittingwhatshehassaid,Istillthinkthatshehasnttriedherbest.(5)表示结果表示结果Itrainedheavily,causingseverefloodinginthatcountry.Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruiningourholiday.(6)表示方式或伴随情况表示方式或伴随情况Heranuptoherbreathingheavily.Pleasefillintheform,givingyourname,addressSurroundedbyagroupofpupils,theoldteacherwalkedintotheroom.不定式作不定式作 定语定语He is looking for_.（一间可以住的房子）There is nothing_.to worry aboutThe topics to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is concerned about the Olympics 2008.（没有什么可担心的没有什么可担心的）a room to live in作定语作定语分词短语作定语时，分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前。相当于定语从句。如：Themanstandingbythewindowsisourteacher.（standing和所修饰的man形成主谓关系）现在分词和过去分词现在分词和过去分词whoisstandingbythewindowsTheconcertgivenbytheirfriendswasasuccess.（被动关系被动关系）他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。Ifoundhim_themoney.(steal)Ifoundthemoney_.Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimself_byanoldlady.(lookafter)IoftenhearMary_thisEnglishsong.-ingform与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；(to)do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。补足语补足语stealing stolen being looked aftersing不定式作补足语不定式作补足语Advise,allow,ask,Beg,cause,expect,Encourage,force,get,hate,invite,Order,wish,oblige,Want,warn,remind,Promise,permit,Persuade,requestIallowyoutogoout.Mymotheradvisemetobuyacar.Ipromiseyoutostudyhard.分词分词ing,done作宾语作宾语补足语补足语(4).宾补宾补 Complement五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三使三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉:feel当遇到下列动词时当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略不定式省略to:+sbIsawthegirlgettingonthebus.Isawthegirlgetintothecaranddriveoff.Isawhimhitbyhisfatheryesterday.MRWanghasmetypealetterforhim.注意注意2：在在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice，observe，see，watch，have，1et，make 等词后的补足语中，不定式等词后的补足语中，不定式不带不带to。但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带必须带to。IoftenhearhimsingthesongHeisoftenheardtosingthesong+第四步：分析时态第四步：分析时态第一步：辨别第一步：辨别“谓谓与非与非谓谓”第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语第三步：判断语态第三步：判断语态非谓语的非谓语的“有法可依有法可依”Task1Task2Task3考点击破考点击破一、单句填空：一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1._(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.(全国全国)2.Eugenesneverwillingtoalteranyofhisopinions.Itsnouse_(argue)withhim.(上海上海)3.Pleaseremain_(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.(辽宁辽宁)4.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_(smoke)here.(江苏江苏)Walkingarguingseatedsmoking5.Itisdifficulttoimaginehis_(accept)thedecisionwithoutanyconsideration.(陕西陕西)6.Icantstand_(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.(北京北京)7.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed_(repair).(陕西陕西)8.Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_(live)alone,butshedidntlikeitandmovedbackhome.(湖南湖南)acceptingtostopworkingtoberepairedliving9.Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_(nottake)hisadvice!(安徽安徽)10.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.(湖南湖南)11.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(全国全国)12.Theyarequiet,arentthey?Yes.Theyareaccustomedto_(nottalk)atmeals.(江苏江苏)nottakinggettingbeingopenedandclosednottalking13.Isntittimeyougotdownto_(mark)thepapers?(重庆重庆)14.Mr.Reedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_(set)upsomeschoolsforpoorchildren.(上海上海)15.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_(walk)intheflower-linedgarden.(上海上海)16.Havingbeenillinbedfornearlyamonth,hehadahardtime_(pass)theexam.(福建福建)markingsettingwalkingpassing17.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_(watch)TV.(上海上海)18.Ibelievethatsthebestwaytopreventsuchathingfrom_(happen)again.(全国全国)19.Didyouhavetroublein_(find)thepostoffice?(全国全国)20.Sandycoulddonothingbut_(admit)tohisteacherthathewaswrong.(上海上海)watchinghappeningfindingadmit21.Ismellsomething_(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?(全国全国)22.Dontleavethewater_(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.(天津天津)23.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire_(burn)allnight.(全国全国)24.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_(carry)outthenextyear.(全国全国)burningrunningburningcarried25.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_(speak)asmuchaswecan.(江苏江苏)26.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_(interest)inhislectures.(江苏江苏)27.Energydrinksarenotallowed_(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.(上海上海)28.Myadvisorencouragedme_(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.(北京北京)spokeninterestedtobemadetotake29.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_(feel)goodaboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.(江苏江苏)30.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher_(grow)upfromchildhood.(全国全国)31.Themotherfeltherself_(grow)coldandherhandstrembledasshereadtheletterfromthebattlefield.(上海上海)32.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_(learn).Healwaysworkshard.(全国全国)feelgrowgrowtolearn33.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_(fill)mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(福建福建)34.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_(finish),hegladlyacceptedit.(安徽安徽)35.Withalotofdifficultproblems_(settle),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(上海上海)36.Thedirectorhadherassistant_(pick)upsomehotdogsforthemeeting.(全国全国)fillingfinishedtosettlepick
