黄金卷07-【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）（解析版）.docx

【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷） 黄金卷07（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡：， 写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的 答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.£ 19. 15.B.£9. 18.C. £ 9. 15.答案是CoWhere does the conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a hospital.C. In a classroom.【答案】B【原文】W:You will have to wait fbr two hours, that is, until about 11:30, when the medical report will come back.M:Thank you, Doctor Hawkins.1. How will the man go to school?A. By car. B. On foot.C. By bike.【答案】C【原文】W: Be careful when you ride to school! Nowadays car drivers don't really pay attention to bicyclists and pedestrians.M: Of course, Mom. I'll watch out fbr my new bicycle, and fbr myself.2. How would Laura most probably go to work?near the scale（规模）needed. Another challenge for researchers is to work out how to get consumers and manufacturers to change their behaviour.Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style.28. What are the firsi two paragraphs mainly about?A. Clothes should be used until they fall apart.B. Fashion brands arc replaced with new ones frequently.C. Fast fashion leads to a significant increase in fashion waste.D. Fashion brands produce twice more clothing than necessary.29. According to the author, what does the circular economy focus on?A. Improving the production of natural textiles.B. Studying how fast fashion affects the environment.C. Releasing new lines four times a year instead of eveiy week.D. Making durable things and expanding the technologies for recycling.30. What can you infer from the passage?A. Consumers are fond of chemically recycled fibres.B. Systems that collect, recycle and reuse arc insufficient.C. Manual separation of fibres is preferred by manufacturers.D. Environment damage is mainly caused by using chemicals.31. What does the author think of the future of fashion industry?A. Big changes are needed to follow fashion styles.B. Huge steps should be taken for the needs of consumers.C. More should be done to deal with the heavy environmental cost.D. Consumers and manufacturers will change their behaviour immediately.【参考答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“快时尚''潮流给环境所带来的危害，以及研究人员为了 避免环境危害尝试的措施。【详情解析】C推理判断题。根据第一段中“Clothing, footwear and upholstered furniture are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon abandoned and replaced.（人们越来越频繁地购买衣服、鞋类和软垫家具， 然后扔掉，换上新的时装，而这些时装本身很快乂被抛弃和替换。厂以及第二段中“Today, fashion brands（品牌）produce almost twice the amount of clothing that they did in 2000. But incredibly, more than 50 billion clothes are deserted within a year of being made.（ 如今，【时尚 品牌的服装产量几乎是200（）年的两倍。但令人难以置信的是，超过500亿件衣服在制作 完成后的一年内被丢弃。）”可以推断，快时尚导致时尚浪费的显著增加。故选C。28. D细节理解题。根据第四段中“That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, and so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable inanufacturing（$ijifi）processes. especially recycling 这至少涉及两件事：重新专 注于制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复使用：并更迅速地扩展可持续制造过程的技术，特别 是回收利用。）''可知，循环经济注重的是制造耐用的物品，从而鼓励重复使用；并更迅速 地扩展可持续制造过程的技术，故选D。29. 【B】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ Most used textiles go to landfill（废物填埋场）,in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips.（大多数用过的 纺织品都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再利用材料的系统相对较少。这 种回收需要手工分离纤维，以及纽扣和拉链。厂可知，大多数用过的纺织品都被扔进了垃 圾填埋场，部分原因是收集、回收和再利用材料的系统相对较少。故选B。30. C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Small steps are good, but big changes are needed. The shameful environmental cost of a new cupboard needs to be tackled immediately, at scale, with style/ 一小步是好的，但大的改变是必要的。快时尚所带来的令人羞耻的环境成本需要立 即大规模、有格调地加以解决。）“可知，就长远来看，我们需要做出大的改变是十分必要 的，因此人类应该采取更多措施来应对“快时尚”所带来的沉重的环境代价。故选C。DResearchers have successfully changed the blood type of a donated human lung by treating it with enzymes（酶）marking an important step towards making universal donor organs.Blood types are largely defined by the presence or absence of certain sugar molecules （分子） called antigens（抗原）on the surface of cells. These can occur not just on the cells of the blood itself but other tissues. If an antigen isn't recognized by the body's immune system, it will mount an attack on these cells. This leads to the rejection of transplanted organs from a donor with a different blood type.People with the most common blood type. O, lack these antigens on their cells, so their organs can be accepted by people with other blood types. If all donor organs could be made type O, for example, the kings from someone with blood type A, this could be beneficial.To try this, Cypcl and his team used a pair of enzymes in the human stomach to digest sugars. They found the enzymes could remove 97 percent of type A antigens in the lungs from a type A donor in 4 hours, which meant the cells had been effectively changed to blood type O.After this treatment, the altered lungs were kept alive using a system known as ex-vivo lung perfusion （离体肺灌注）,which supplies organs with nutritious fluid so they are ready for transplantation. To simulate a transplant, Cypel's team added type O blood, which contains antibodies that would attack type A antigens, to the fluid supplying the lungs. The treated lungs had minimal antibody damage compared with untreated lungs.Although cells rid of antigens tend to produce new ones over time, Cypcl hopes the lack of antigens would last long enough for the body to get through the dangerous first few days and weeks after a transplant. The team now intends to test the procedure in animals. The study only looked at the effects of a simulated transplantation over the short term, which isn't enough to assess whether the resurfaced antigens could eventually have a negative effect.31. Which of the following may decide the blood type of a person?A. Sugar.B. Enzymes.C. Antibody.D. Antigens.32. Why should the blood type of the donor organs be changed into type O?A. Type O is better than other blood types.B. Type O is more accessible to researchers.C. Organs with type O can be more acceptable.D. Organs with type O can help digest antigens.33. What do we know about the treated lungs from the text?A. The blood type was temporarily changed.B. Signs of severe rejection happened to them.C. There was no effective way to keep them alive.D. The enzymes were of little use in the treatment.34. What is the last paragraph mainly about?A. Practical suggestions for future study.B. Detailed explanations of the findings.C. Potential applications of the discovery.D. M<yor limitations of the present study.【参考答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了通过改变血型的方式使得器官捐赠更为普遍。【详情解析】D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Blood types are largely defined by the presence or absence of certain sugar molecules called antigens（抗原）on the surface of cells.”（血型在很大程度上 取决于细胞表面是否存在某种被称为抗原的糖分子。）可知，血型主要是由特定的糖分子， 也就是潜伏在细胞表面的抗原的有或无来界定的。故选D项。32. C细节理解题。根据第三段中“People with the most common blood type, O, lack these antigens on their cells, so their organs can be accepted by people with other blood types.* （最常 见的。型血的人，他们的细胞上缺乏这些抗原，所以他们的器官可以被其他血型的人接 受。）可知，O型血是最常见的一种血型，而且这种血型中不存在抗原，所以他们的器官可以被不同血型的人接受。故选C项。33. A细节理解题。根据第四段中“They found the enzymes could remove 97 percent of type A antigens in the lungs from a type A donor in 4 hours, which meant the cells had been effectively changed to blood type O."（他们发现，这种酶可以在4小时内从A型血捐赠者 的肺中去除97%的A型抗原，这意味着这些细胞已经有效地转变为O型血。）以及最后一 段中“Allhough cells rid of antigens tend to produce new ones over （尽管随着时间的 推移，失去抗原的细胞往往会产生新的抗原。）可知，血型A捐赠者肺里97%的A型抗原 已经被清除，这意味着这些细胞已经被有效地暂时转化为血型0。故选A项。34. 【D】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Although cells rid of antigens tend to produce new ones over time, Cypcl hopes the lack of antigens would last long enough for the body to get through the dangerous first few days and weeks after a transplant. The team now intends to test the procedure in animals. The study only looked at （he effects of a simulated transplantation over the short term, which isn't enough to assess whether the resurfaced antigens could eventually have a negative effect."（尽管随着时间的推移，失去抗原的细胞往往会产生新的抗原，但 赛佩尔希望抗原的缺乏能持续足够长的时间，让身体度过移植后危险的最初几天或几周。 该团队现在打算在动物身上测试这一过程。这项研究只研究了模拟移植在短期内的效果， 这不足以评估重新浮出水面的抗原是否最终会产生负面影响。）可知，最后段主要是在 讲目前研究存在的一些限制。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。The brain is an important organ of the human body. So what can wc do to to keep our brains heallhy both physically and functionally?,Turn ordinary activities into brain-stimulating ones35. while out for a walk in your neighborhood. Use detailed and expressive language to describe your surroundings, as well as what you can see and hear when talking on the phone to a friend or a family member.,Go out as much as possibleGoing outside to take exercise every day, like running slowly, even for a short period of time, can build up the body, increase heart rate and improve mood. A little sunshine outside is great for vitamin D production. 37Think about returning to a previous hobbyThe best activities for brain health are the ones that challenge your brain to be quick and accurate. Do you have a musical instrument silting in the closet? 38 .dust it off and try it. Or use one of the previous adult coloring books that are so popular now, which can help you relieve stress and fbcus.39You can adopt a brain exercise program at home to keep your brain fit. The exercise is based on the principles of brain plasticity, the way the brain reorganizes through learning and exercising.Eat a healthy diet and be sure to get adequate sleepAs we know, food provides nutrition for the brain. 4（）. Getting adequate and qualitysleep also will do wonders when it conies to improving your mental health.A. Now it is time to pull it outDo sonic brain training indoorsB. Adopt a training program at a gymA jog also helps strengthen the brainC. Some people arc trying learning sonic new instrumentsYou can stimulate your brain by taking a different route each timeD. So eating high-quality food like vegetables and fruit will keep it healthy 【参考答案】F 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些让大脑保持健康的方法。【详情解析】F空处为本段主旨句。T4twhile out for a walk in your neighborhood. Use detailed and expressive language to describe your surroundings, as well as what you can see and hear when talking on the phone to a fr沁nd or a family member.（当你在你的社区散步时，使用详细和有 表现力的语言来描述你周围的环境，以及你在和朋友或家人打电话时看到和听到的东 西。户提到散步和散步时应该做一些其他事情来刺激大脑。由此可知，空处也应该和散步 相关。F项“你可以每次走不同的路线来刺激你的大脑”符合文意。故选F项。36. D 上文“Going outside to take exercise every day, like running slowly, even fbr a short period of time,（每天到户外锻炼，比如慢慢地跑步，即使跑的时间不长。）“提到慢跑以及 慢跑对大脑的好处，D项“慢跑也有助于强健大脑”符合文意，且前文“running slowly”和选 项中“jogging”进行了对应。故选D项。37. A上文“Do you have a musical instrument sitting in the closet?（你的衣柜里有放 了很久 的乐器吗？）”提到了很久不用、闲置了的乐器，下文“dust it off and try it.（惮去灰尘，试一 试）“建议读者把闲置的乐器擦一擦灰，试一试。A项”是时候拿出来了。”符合文意，且根 据常识，擦灰前应该先把乐器从衣柜里拿出来。故选A项。38. B空处需要填小标题起总结作用。后文“You can adopt a brain exercise program at home to keep your brain fit.（你可以在家里进行大脑锻炼来保持大脑健康。）”可知，该段给出的 建议和在家做大脑训练有关。B项“在室内做一些大脑训练”符合文意。故选B项。39. G根据标题“a healthy diet（健康饮食习惯）“和上文"As we know, food provides nutrition for the brain.（我们知道，食物为大脑提供营养。）''可知，该段内容与饮食有关。G项“所以 吃像蔬菜和水果这样高质量的食物会让大脑保持健康”符合文意。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。Many people are volunteering to help others. They are a generally 41 group and getting a huge benefit that non-volunteers don't. Research suggests that volunteers aren't just helping the communities they 42. They actually experience a boost in （heir menialhealth.43 with people who don't volunteer, people who volunteer are more 44 with their lives and rate their overall health as better. Also people who volunteer more frequently experience greater 45: Those who volunteered at least once a month reported bettermental health than those who volunteered 46 or not at all.The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time. While it's 47 that happier people spend more time volunteering, studies suggest that you don't need to already 48 happy to benefit from it. In fact, some research suggests that people who 49 with lower levels of wellbeing may even get a bigger boost from volunteering.Why docs volunteering 50 mental health? A combination of 5islikely at play. Volunteering appears to be naturally 52-when we help others, we tendto experience a “warm glow（喜悦）Volunteering is also likely to help boost a sense of53 connection.In particular, for older adults, volunteering can be a way to stay connected to others after 54. Finally, volunteering can be a way to 55 professional skills and tryout leadership opportunities.41. A. weather-beatenB. kind-heartedC. nature-lovingD.good-looking42. A. respectB. describeC. analyzeD.serve43. A. ComparedB. HonoredC. CrowdedD.Related44. A. impressedB. satisfiedC. boredD.concerned45. A. adventuresB. operationsC. victoriesD.benefits46. A. informallyB. unavoidablyC. infrequentlyD.unworthily47. A. simpleB. trueC. strangeD.important48. A. feelB. soundC. keepD.turn49. A. put upB. start outC. show offD.run away50. A. manageB.requireC. involveD.support51. A. standardsB.activitiesC. factorsD.patterns52. A. rewardingB.difficultC. shockingD.suitable53. A. romanticB.remoteC. culturalD.social54. A. retirementB.graduationC. consultationD.treatment55. A. recognizeB.buildC. researchD.match【参考答案】B42. D43. A44. B45. D46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. D51. C52. A53. D54. A55. B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章说明了做志愿服务让人更快乐、心理更健康并解释了这种现象的原 因。【详情解析】B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常是一个心地善良的群体，并且可以比不做 志愿者的人得到更大的益处。A. weather-beaten饱经风霜的；B. kind-hearted心地善良的； C. nature-loving 热爱自然的；D. good-looking 好看的。根据上文"Many people arc volunteering to help others.”可知，许多人愿意帮助他人，说明他们普遍是心地善良的群体。 故选B项。41. D考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究者表明志愿者并不仅仅帮助他们为之服务的团体。 A. respect尊重；B. describe描述；C. analyze分析；D. serve服务。根据常识，志愿者参 加的都是非营利性组织或团体，他们为这些组织团体服务。故选D项。42. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：对比不做志愿者的人，做志愿者的人更加满意于他们 的生活并且评估他们的整体健康水平更好。A. Compared对比；B. Honored执行；C. Crowded 拥挤；D. Related 关联。根据后文“people who volunteer are more 44 withtheir lives and rate their overall health as better.”可知，做志愿者的人有更多的益处，这个结 论是和不做志愿者的人进行对比得出的。故选A项。43. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对比不做志愿者的人，做志愿者的人更加满意于他 们的生活并且评估他们的整体健康水平更好。A. impressed留下印象；B. satisfied满足； C. bored 无聊：D. concerned 联系。根据后文“The researchers also found that people who started to volunteer became happier over time.“，做志愿者的人随着时间的推移更加幸福，推 断