高三名词性从句复习.ppt

相关概念相关概念从句种类从句种类引导词及语序引导词及语序常考考点常考考点1.1.连接词连接词thatthat与与which/what/which/what/2.2.If/whetherIf/whether3.3.ItIt作形式主语与形式宾语作形式主语与形式宾语4.4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别5.5.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用 语法专题 名词性从句什么叫什么叫“名词性从句名词性从句”？名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语主语Hisjobisveryimportant.Whathedoesisveryimportant.表语表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.宾语宾语Idontlikehisjob.Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语同位语Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.名词性从句的种类 名词性从句名词性从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句在句中做在句中做-宾语从句宾语从句在句中做在句中做-表语从句表语从句在句中做在句中做-同位语从句同位语从句在句中在句中-主语主语宾语表语同位语1.What surprised me was to see him here.2.The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.3.Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.5.The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear.6.The question how I did it is hard to answer.主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句同位语从句4.It matters a lot if we have enough time.主语从句名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词引导词引导词连接词：连接词：that（无词义；不做句子成分只起连接作用）（无词义；不做句子成分只起连接作用）连接词：连接词：if/whether“是否是否”（不做句子成分只起连接（不做句子成分只起连接作用）作用）连接代词：连接代词：who,whom,whose,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever(作从句的主作从句的主/宾宾/表语表语/定定)连接副词：连接副词：when,where,why,how(作从句的状语作从句的状语)语序语序引导词引导词+陈述句语序陈述句语序名词性从句几大常考考点名词性从句几大常考考点That与what/which/的区分1._,shetoldme，washerfamily.(importance)她告诉我，家庭对于她是非常重要的。2.Asenseofresponsibilityandacaringattitudeare_whileyouworkasanurse.(remind)我必须要提醒你，从事护士工作要具备责任感 关爱之心。3.Thefact_ourhealthiswidelyaccepted.(harmful)广泛认为吸烟有害健康。Tips:考虑由何种句子类型转化而来；考虑由何种句子类型转化而来；引导词是否在从句中作句子成分；引导词是否在从句中作句子成分；WhatwasofgreatimportancewhatImustremindyouofthatsmokingisharmfultoWhether/if 1._tomorrow makes no difference to me.(hold)明天是否开会对于我来说没多大区别。2.I wonder _asking a few questions.(mind)不知你是否介意我问你几个问题。3.We havent settled the question of _to study abroad.(necessary)我们还没解决对于她而言是否有必要出国留学的问题。Tips:位于句首的主语从句；位于句首的主语从句；表语及同位语从句；表语及同位语从句；介词后的宾语从句；介词后的宾语从句；Whetherthemeetingwillbeheldif/whetheryoumindme/mywhetheritisnecessaryforherwhetherit用作形式主语和形式宾语的情况用作形式主语和形式宾语的情况1._we were late because she wasted too much time.(fault)我们迟到是她的错，因为她浪费了太多的时间。2._that I had left my keys at home.(occur)我突然想起来我把钥匙落在家里了。3._when people laugh at the disabled.(hate)我讨厌人们嘲笑残疾人。ItwasherfaultthatItoccurredtome Ihateit It作形式主作形式主语的常用句型有语的常用句型有:1.It+be+adj.(obvious/important)+that 从句2.It+be+n.(duty/pity.)+that 从句3.It+be+done.(said/thought.)+that 从句4.It+vi./vt.(occur to/strike/hit sb.)+that 从句consider/find/think/feel/make/+it+adj./n.+that like/love/hate/dislike/appreciate it+if/when Depend/rely on it that指望指望/相信相信 Owe it to sb.that感谢某人感谢某人It作形式宾语的情况：作形式宾语的情况：定语从句与同位语的区别定语从句与同位语的区别The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.我们队取得决赛胜利的我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。消息令人鼓舞。The news that you told us is reallyencouraging.你告诉我们的你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。消息真的令人鼓舞。相似之处1.两种从句都可以译成定语两种从句都可以译成定语2、两种从句都可以用、两种从句都可以用that引导引导不同之处不同之处作用不同作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步说明前面抽象名词的内容；同位语从句用来进一步说明前面抽象名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。定语从句用来修饰、限定前面的名词。引导从句的关联词引导从句的关联词that的功能不同的功能不同：同位语从句中同位语从句中that是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；定语从句的定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充是关系代词，既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分。当成分。Tips:代入还原法代入还原法1.Itisdemandedthatthebooks_theschoollibrarywithintwoweeks.(return)按要求这些书在两个星期内按要求这些书在两个星期内必须归还到必须归还到学校图书馆。学校图书馆。2.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_.(master)大学生大学生应该至少掌握一门外语应该至少掌握一门外语。3.Iwishthat_yesterday.(follow)我真希望昨天我真希望昨天听从了你的建议听从了你的建议。名词性从句中的虚拟语气名词性从句中的虚拟语气shouldbereturnedtoshouldmasteratleastaforeignlanguageIhadfollowedyouradviceTips:1.在主语从句中表示在主语从句中表示“必须的必须的”，“重要的重要的”，“自然的自然的”，“不可能的不可能的”等或表示惊奇，等或表示惊奇，惋惜等意义时，常用到惋惜等意义时，常用到“should+do”虚拟语气。常用句型有：虚拟语气。常用句型有：it be+important/necessary/natural/impossible/+that从句it be+apity/ashame/+that从句2.与以下意义相关的名词性从句中要用到与以下意义相关的名词性从句中要用到“should+do”的虚拟语气：的虚拟语气：一个坚持一个坚持（insist）两个命令两个命令（order，command）三个建议三个建议（suggest/suggestion,propose/proposal,advise/advice）四个要求四个要求（demand,require/requirement,request,ask）3.与时态有关的虚拟语气运用：与时态有关的虚拟语气运用：wish+宾从宾从与现在事实相反：did/were与过去事实相反：haddone与将来事实相反：would/could+do 其他：其他：Itstimethat从句（从句（should+do或者或者did）Itis/wasthefirst/time+that从句（从句（have/hasdone/haddone）1.He told me that he_our design when his work was over.(help）她告诉我他忙完后帮助我们进行设计。2.I try to understand _ prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one expects.(it)我想弄明白到底是什么使这么多的美国人不像人们认为的那样幸福。3._ that air pollution is an extremely serious problem,the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.(deny)无可否认，空气污染是个极其严重的问题，城市当局应该采取有力措施来解它。4._is clear to us.（land）我们很清楚谁第一个登上月球的。5.It is still unknown _ to visit her sick father.(set)她是否能省出点时间去看望她生病的父亲还不清楚。6.This is _yesterday.(witness)这就是她昨天所目睹的。7.It will make a difference if we realize _ to live life to the fullest.(important)如果我们意识到充实生活是多么重要的话就会有所作为。8.we have no idea _.。（live）我们不知道明天我们将住哪里。