初中英语介词的用法总.pdf
介词一、意思是“用的几个词介词有三个:in，with，by，在句首或句末作状语。1。in+language（English，Chinese，French,Japanese等),What s this in English？In English,it s an orange。2。with+具体的工具（pen，pencil，knife 等），单数名词前要加冠词.I want to write with a pencil，and I don t like write with a pen。Chinese people eat food with chopsticks,but western people like to eat food with knives and forks。3。by+抽象的工具（email，force，phone 等）表方式或手段,名词前不用冠词；by+动名词或动名词短语(通过,靠,以）；by+交通工具（car，bus，bike）Send this letter by e mail.She lives by selling fruit。My mother makes living by teaching。动词有一个：use；use sth to do sth Chinese people use chopsticks to eat food。We use a knife to cut。二、in 的用法1in+月份、年份；on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子in March,in 2014，in march 2014 on April 1,on Monday,on a rainy day 此外：in the morning/afternoon/evening/night；in spring/summer/autumn/winter at noon/night/midnight at 8 oclock 2。in+时间段（three days，a week 等）在 之后，句子用将来时After+时间段（three days,a week 等）在 之后,句子用过去时；after+时间点，句子用将来时My father will be back in a week。My father came back after a week。I will play basketball after school。He will be back after three o clock。3.in+颜色+服装,意思是:穿着什么颜色的服装The girl is in a red skirt.We have green sweaters in white and red。4。in+地点，在 里面；in the east/west/south/north of 在东、西、南、北,一地在某个地的范围内in the house；in the sky；in the east Kunming is in the north of Y unnan.三、with 的用法1 作“用”讲，见上文.2。做“和”讲，常用于句末.and 是连词，连接两个名词。I went to the zoo with my parents last week.My parents and I went to the zoo last week。3。作“有”讲，在名词后面作后置定语。I d like to buy a house with a garden。The girl with long hair is very beautiful。反义词：without“没有”I d like to go without you。The house without a garden is cheaper.She left without saying goodbye。4。“随着区别：with 是介词，with+名词+名词/介词短语/现在分词(称为独立主格结构）as 是连词+句子With time going by，I learn more and more knowledge。With no light outside,it felt like midnight。With a hard job in a crayon factory，he doesn t find much time to visit his hometown.It was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside。As time goes by，I learn more and more knowledge.5。其它用法Is that Ok with you？那样你行吗?四、on 的用法1.在上面(正上方，物体有接触）A book is on the desk。2.关于（详细论述的);about 关于（范范谈及)The scientist planned to write a book on environmental pollution.The teacher asked students to write an article about friendship。For homework,our teacher told us to write about our vacation。3.on+具体的时间on+日子/星期/某个不确定的具体日子on April 1，on Monday，on a rainy day，on Teachers Day 4。on a bike=by bike，骑车，作状语ride a bike 骑车,作谓语I always go to school by bike.=I always go to school on a bike。=I always ride a bike to go to school。5.on the east/west/south/north of 在东、西、南、北，两地接壤Yunnan is on the south of Sichuan.in the east/west/south/north of 在东、西、南、北,一地在某个地的范围内Kunming is in the north of Yunnan。五、for 的用法1.“给 Here is a letter for you。All these presents are for you.I have some things for the kids。2。“对于”“对 而言”，至于For girls,we have skirts in purple for only 20.For homework,our teacher told us to write about our vacation。For thousands of tourists from China，this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful and safe place to take a holiday.It is+adj。/n。+for sb。to do sth。对某人来说做（是）/某人做(是）It is not easy for me to learn English。Its very important for him to attend the meeting。It is+adj。+of sb。to do sth.=sb。be+adj+to do sth。You are clever to do like this.=It is clever of you to do like this.It s kind of you to help me。3.for+句子“因为”Today，we are happy，for we are having a sport meeting。4.for+时间段I did my homework for three hours last night。5.for+breakfast,lunch,dinner，supper（三餐）I eat noodles for breakfast every day。6.for+价格“要价”We have black shoes for only 28。Socks are only 2 for three dollars。6。“为了 Write an ad for your own clothes store.Can you buy a cake for me？I need a pair of black shoes for school。I want to buy a bag for school We have some interesting and fun things for you this term.Come and see for yourself at our clothes store。亲自Write questions for the answers.7.for+breakfast/lunch/dinner(super）I often have noodles for breakfast。Thats for sure 当然for fun Thank you for 六、at at school at great sale 大减价on sale have a look at 七、as 1。As a young boy，he used to cause a lot of trouble for his parents。2。As he got better，he felt good about himself。3。As it becomes cold,the leaves on the tree falls off。其它后面常常会接动名词的介词：to，at，before,after，besides,of，through,by 练习一、选择题1.Dear teacher，thank you for _ English so well。A。teach our B。teach us C。teaching our D。teaching us 2.We usually go swimming _ weekends。A。for B。on C。about D。with 3。Can you help me _ my English?A。at B.on C。with D.to 4.There is _ orange and two bananas _ the table.A。a,on B。an，on C。a,under D。an,to 5。Please call me _ 954-3526.A.in B。at C。of D.on 6。After class，I have gymnastics_ two hours.A。on B。at C.for D.in 7。We don t have classes _ Saturdays and Sundays。A。in B.on C。at D.from 8。My music class finishes _ 4：00 p。m。A。in B。on C.at D.for 9.We ll buy this house _ a low price。A。with B.about C.at D.for 10。_ the old,we have black and brown coats for only 20。A.From B。On C。In D。For 11.Mary _ a bag _ school。A。need,to B。need，for C。needs,to D。needs，for 12.The girl _ red is my sister。A。in B.on C.of D。over 13。I was born _.A.in Oct。8，1969 B.in 1969，Oct。8 C。on Oct。8,1969 D。on 1969，Oct。8 14.They go to school _ a rainy morning.A。in B.on C。at D。for 15。Our school trip is _ May。A。in B.on C.at D。to 二、填空题(一）用适当的介词填空1.He always play games _ us。2.He was born _ the afternoon of last Sunday。3.She goes home _ five every day。4.He began writing articles _ 1842。5.Every day，I can play computer games _ an hour.6.He always gets up _ 7:00 _ the morning。7.We arrived _ the village _ a rainy morning。8.Jack was born _ March，2001。9.Mother will be back _ a month。I miss her very much.10.Hurry up！The plane will take _ in ten minutes。11.The teacher took _ my phone，because I used it in class.12.Wang Ping stopped the bus _ thinking twice.
