2023届四川省自贡市高三上学期第一次诊断性考试英语试题2.docx

自贡市普高2023届第一次诊断性考试英语试题卷本试卷共150分，考试时间为120分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证写在答题 卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，须将答案答在答题卡上，在题卷、草稿纸 上答题无效。考试结束后，本试题卷由学生自己保留，只将答题卡交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题每小题L5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例 How much is the shirt?9.18.C.5. B.?9.18.C.?9.15.答案是C。1 .What docs the man want the woman to do?A.HelpB.PayC.Gohair. B.Pay for his haircut.C.Go to a barbershop.How much are the two seat tickets?A.$35.B.$60.C.$70.2 .What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.MotherB.TeacherC.Classmates.B.Teacher and student. C.Classmates.3 .Why is the woman upsetA.She doesn't art.B. She has to do many tasks. C.Shc doesn't like her teacher.4 . What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Having activities. B.Joining a club.C.Taking a trip.第二节（共15小题每小题L5分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。But the most likely assurance against dying of extreme heat is preventing the rise of global temperatures. Last year tied 2016 for the hottest ever recorded worldwide. Despite a brief drop in planet-heating emissions as the COVID-19 pandemic shuttered factories and idled cars, we're on track to see global temperatures increase this century by about 3 degrees Celsius. Changing that trend requires rapidly and greatly reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. Efforts so far have not been enough. Global oil demand, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries predicted last month, will jump by 5 million barrels per day in the second half of 2022 compared with the first six months.12. What can wc know about temperature rise from paragraph 1?A. It didn't happen until the 21 st century.B. It is brought about by （he progress of history.C. It will lead to more deaths if it isn't stopped.D. It contributes to 37% of deaths between 1991 and 2018.13. Why does some knowledge about heat stroke remain unknown to humans?A. Humans arc too complex to study.B. Animal models are hard to deal with.C. Heat stroke happens to humans randomly.D. Using humans as subjects fbr lab experiments is immoral.14. How to stop the rise of global temperatures?A. By banning fossil fuel use.B. By using more air conditioners.C. By reducing carbon in the atmosphere.D. By containing the COVID-19 pandemic.15. What does the writer think of the current efforts in handling climate change?A. Fruitless.B. Improper.C. Inadequate.D. Unexpected.【答案】12.C13. D 14. C 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在过去一百年中气候的改变导致了全球变暖，也造成了人类死亡率的增长。 人们正在努力研究并采取一定措施加以应而，虽然略有成效，但目前的努力还远远不够。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段"As the heat soars, so does the death toll. "（随着气温上升死亡人数也在上升）和 “As temperatures tick ever higher, that figure may well rise."（随着气温不断升高,这个数字很可能还会上升） 可知，如果气温不停止增长，就会引起更多的死亡。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“There's still a lot we don't know about heatstroke”（关于中暑我们仍然还有许多不 知道的）和"That's because wc can't morally study it in humans in the laboratory.n （那是因为我们不能在实验 室里的人类的身上来道德地研究它）可知，人类对于中暑还有许多不知道的知识，是因为用人类作实验室 的研究对象是不道德的。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Changing （hat trend requires rapidly and greatly reducing fossil fuel use and finding ways to remove more carbon from the atmosphere than we release. "（要改变这一趋势，就需要迅速大幅减少化 石燃料的使用，并找到从大气中去除的碳比我们释放的碳多的方法）可知，要阻止全球气温升高，就要减 少大气中的碳含量。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Efforts so far have not been enough. "（迄今为止，人们的努力是不够的）可 知，作者认为目前人们解决气候改变这一问题的努力是不充分的。故选C。第二节（共5小题每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yoirre out on a hike, snacking on an apple,a banana, or a handful of nuts. When you're finished, all that's left is a core, a peel, perhaps a shell."It's natural,“you tell yourself throwing it away carelessly. After all, food waste is biodegradable,可生.物降解的）16 It could take years to biodegrade, endanger animals, or even put otherpeople at risk.Food waste doesn't decompose as fast as you think17 .But fewer people arc aware that food waste like orange and banana peels can take up to two years to break down in the wild. And even if those food waste finally biodegrade, they can lead to many serious problems.Animals are attracted to food waste“Animals have a super advanced sense of smell compared to us,“says Jeff Marion, a biologist. All human food can attract animals. This can cause44attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions （hat cause animals to overcome their natural caution of people. 18Human food can make animals sickAnimals becoming attracted to and subsequently used to human food can lead to far-reaching health issues in animals. Food waste by the roadside may cause animals deaths because wildlife attracted to that food can be hit by a vehicle. 19 .Most food waste is never animals5 normal diet, which can be deadly.20To prevent any of these unwelcome effects, the best thing to do is to store and deal with food waste well. Don,t throw it about. Don?t bum it,as it is more difTicult to bum. And if you pass other food waste on the trail or in the park, pick it up, even if it's not yours.A. Most people know food waste is biodegradablePlay your part by keeping your food to yourselfB. Make sure you won't throw food waste randomlyThe food itself can also make animals sick and even kill themC. Animals can't get to know the hann that human food containsThis sort of attraction behavior can quickly become dangerousD. But food waste can cause a lot more damage than you may think【答案】16. G 17.A18. F 19. D 20. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了食物垃圾降解的常识以及它的危害和如何处理食物垃圾。【16题详解】根据下文“It could take years to biodegrade, endanger animals, or even put other people at risk.n （可能需要数年 的时间才能生物降解，危及动物，甚至使其他人处于危险之中）可知，空处在讲食物垃圾造成的危害性。 故G选项“但食物垃圾造成的损害比你想象的要大得多”切题。故选G项。【17题详解】根据下文 “But fewer people are aware that food waste like orange and banana peels can take up to two years to break down in ihe wiki."（但很少有人知道像橘子和香蕉皮这样的食物垃圾在野外可能需要两年才能分解） 可知，选项与下文为转折关系，说明大多数人都了解食物是可以降解的。故A选项“大多数人都知道食物 垃圾是可生物降解的”切题。故选A项。【18题详解】根据上文 “This can causc44attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions that cause animals to overcome their natural caution of people."（这会导致“吸引行为”，这是指人类的行为会导致动物克服对人的自然谨慎）可 知，选项承接上文这种吸引行为产生的不良后果。故F选项“这种吸引行为很快就会变得危险”切题。故 选F项。【19题详解】根据上文 “Food waste by the roadside may cause animals deaths because wildlife attracted to that food can be hit by a vehicle."（路边的食物垃圾可能会导致动物死亡，因为被食物吸引的野生动物可能会被车辆撞到）可 知，选项与上文为并列关系，说明路边的食物垃圾对动物产生的危害。故D选项“食物本身也会使动物生 病甚至死亡”切题。故选D项。【20题详解】根据下文 “To prevent any of these unwelcome effects, the best thing to do is to store and deal with food waste well."（为了防止这些不受欢迎的影响，最好的办法是妥善储存和处理食物垃圾）可知，本段在说要储存 好食物垃圾。故B选项“储存好食物垃圾”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题每小题L5分,满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Ten minutes （o go and I could close up （he shop. There were still a few21who couldn't decide what tobuy, who 22 this perfume and then that one. I had a fake（假的）smile23on my face as 1 waited forthem to make up their minds. They 24 without buying anything.lt was ten minutes past 5:00.They had 25 my time.Sometimes I wondered if this was really what 26 was about. 27 from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 caught just a glimpse of the sunrise on my way to work. Going home after a day's work isn't much 28 .At home, a family was waiting for my 29 While preparing dinner, I did the washing. After dinner, I washed the dishes.Both my body and soul were 30 I can't go on like this. It's my own 31 that I don't make time fbr myself. Even on weekends, I get up early to clean the house 32, while the family sleeps in. Ineeded 33 time for myself, time to recharge my batteries. I was determined to make a 34A family meeting was the first step, during which everyone came up with ideas for how they could help me35 my goal to have at least one hour per day. Finally, we agreed on taking turns to cook, do the laundry and36 after dinner. Now, the plan is working 37.1 am impressed by how 38 my family is to makelife easier fbr me. Now, I don't mind if customcrs.arc lingering（逗留）when it's time to39 the door. My smileis no longer fake.I have lost that 40 bit of weight that was bothering me.21. A. customersB. cashiersC. friendsD. strangers22. A. choseB. testedC. deliveredD. returned23. A. paintedB. gluedC. desertedD. lifted24. A. turned aroundB. worked outC. looked aroundD. walked out25. A. interruptedB. rememberedC. wastedD. appreciated26. A. experienceB. shoppingC. familyD. life27. A. TravellingB. WorkingC. ComplainingD. Dragging28. A. confusionB. encouragementC. reliefD. sympathy29. A. careB. opinionC. anxietyD.exchange30. A. preferredB. frightenedC. tiredD. opposed31. A. blessingB. pityC. faultD. strategy32. A. secretlyB. normallyC. naturallyD. properly33. A. seriousB. usefulC. legalD. average34. A. planB. choiceC. storyD.change35 A. understandB. achieveC. discoverD. set36. A. put upB. wake upC. clean upD. show up37. A. perfectlyB. casuallyC. slightlyD. deliberately38. A. willingB. hesitantC. gratefulD. cautious39. A. repairB.lockC. replaceD. strike40. A. obviousB. wrongC. temporaryD. extra【答案】21. A 22. B23. B 24. D25. C 26, D 27.B 28. C 29. A 30. C31. C 32. D 33. A34. D 35. B36. C 37. A 38. A39. B 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在生活中是对自己没有腾出放松的时间的人，所以自己感到身 心俱疲；而在她打算做出改变后，家人都乐意帮助她，让作者意识到家人也愿意让自己的生活更轻松。自 此之后，作者生活变得惬意起来。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一些顾客不知道该买什么，他们测试了这种香水，然后又测试了那种。A. customers 顾客；B. cashiers 收银员;C. friends 朋友；D. strangers 陌生人。根据上文“I could close up the shop'' 及下文“who couldn't decide what to buy”可知，此处说得是商店里还有几个顾客不知道要买什么。故选A。 【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A. chose选择；B. tested测试;C. delivered运送；D. returned返回。根 据上文“who couldn't decide what to buy”可知，此处指顾客对香水进行检测对比，故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我等待他们做出决定的时候，我脸上挂着假笑。A. painted绘画；B. glued粘 贴；C. deserted 遗弃；放弃;D. lifted 举起。根据上文"1 could close up the shop. There were still a few who couldn't decide what to buy"可知，作者要下班关店门了，但是还是几个顾客在挑选东西，因此推断作 者脸上带着带着假笑等待，说明作者不太愿意等待，glue符合句意。故选B。【24题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们什么也没买就走了。A. turned around转过来;B. worked out计算出;锻炼;C. looked around往周围看;D. walked out走出去。根据下文"without buying anything”可知,顾客没有买 东西就出厂商店。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们浪费了我的时间。A. interrupted打断；B. remembered记住；C. wasted浪 费;D. appreciated 欣赏。根据上文 u without buying anything.lt was ten minutes past 5:00. ” 可知，这些顾客 没有买东西，作者白白地等待，因此推断浪费了作者的时间。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候我在想这是不是生活的真谛。A. experience经历；B. shopping购物；C. family家庭：D. life生活。根据第一段中所讲的生活中的场景，可知此处指这些场景是否就是生活。故选Do【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:从早上8点工作到下午5点，我在上班的路上只瞥见了一点日出。A. Travelling 旅行；B. Working 工作；C. Complaining 抱怨；D. Dragging 拖；拉。根据下文 caught just a glimpse of the sunrise on my way to work.”可知，此处指作者从早上8点工作到下午5点，都没有怎么看到阳光。故选B。 【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天的工作之后回家并没有多少解脱。A. confusion困惑：B. encouragement鼓 励；C. relief 解除；解脱；D. sympathy 同情心。根据下文“Al home, a family was waiting for my 9 .Whilepreparing dinner, I did the washing.M回到家中之后，作者还需要给家人准备晚餐，所以此处指回到家里作者并没有从“工作”中解脱。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在家里，一个家庭正在等待我的照顾。A. care照料；B. opinion观点；C. anxiety 担忧：D. exchange 交流；交换。根据下文"While preparing dinner, I did (he washing. After dinner, I washed the dishes.”可知，回到家里后，作者还需要给家人做晚餐，做家务，家人还需要作者的照料。故选A。【30题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：我的身体和灵魂都疲惫不堪。A. preferred偏爱；B. frightened吓唬；C. tired 累；D. opposed反对。根据上文提到作者工作是从早上8点工作下午5点，I可家后还要给家人做饭，晚饭 后，作者要洗盘子，可知这一切让作者感觉身心俱疲。故选C。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我自己的错,我没有为自己腾出时间。A. blessing祝福；B.pily遗憾；C. fault 缺点；错误；D. strategy策略。根据下文“I don't make time fbr myself”可知，这里讲述这一切的原因在于 作者没有给自己腾出时间，是作者自己的过错。故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析句意：即使在周末，我也会很早起来彻底地打扫房间，而家人则睡懒觉。A. secretly 秘密地;B. normally 普通地;C. naturally 自然地;D. properly 完全地。根据上文"I don't make time for myself. Even on weekends, I get up early to clean the house”可知,作者没有给自己留放松的时间，可推知此处指她 对家里进行彻底地打扫。故选D.【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我需要给自己一点真正的时间，给自己充充电。A. serious认真的；大量的； B. useful 有用的；C. legal 合法的;D. average 平均的。根据下文"time to recharge my batteries”可知,在 作者看来，自己需要时间来给自己充电，需要真正的放松自己的时间。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定作一个改变。A. plan计划；B. choice选择；C. story故事;D. change改 变。根据下文“Finally, we agreed on taking turns to cook, do the laundry and after dinner. ” 可知，随后家人同意晚饭后轮流做饭、洗衣服和打扫卫生，所以此处指作者打算做个改变。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：家庭会议是第一步，在会议期间，每个人都想出了如何帮助我实现每天至少有 一个小时的目标的主意。A. understand理解：B. achieve实现;C. discover发现；D. set设置。根据下文“Finally, we agreed on taking turns to cook, do the laundry and 16 after dinner. ” 可知，此处指家人帮助作者实 现每天至少一个小时的目标。故选B.【36题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我们达成协议晚饭后轮流做饭、洗衣服和清理。A. put up建立；B. wake up醒来；C. clean up清理；D. show up露面。根据上文w After dinner, I washed the dishesw可知此处指在晚 饭后，轮流在晚餐后做清理工作。故选C。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，计划进行得很顺利。A. perfectly圆满地；完美地；B. casually随意地;C. slightly 轻微地；D. deliberately 蓄意地。根据下文“I am impressed by how 18 my family is to make life easier for me. w可知，家人都乐意让作者的生活变得更轻松，可推知，和家人一起达成的计划进展很 圆满。故选A。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我印象深刻的是，我的家人愿意让我的生活更轻松。A. willing乐意的；B. hesitant 犹豫的；C. grateful 感激的；D. cautious 谨慎的。根据上文 uFinally, we agreed on taking turns to cook, do the laundiy and 16 after dinner.n可知，此处指让我印象深刻的是家人都愿意让作者的生活过得更 轻松一些。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在，我不介意顾客在锁门 时候还在磨蹭。A. repair修理;B. lock锁住:C. replace 替换;D. strike 罢工、根据文章第一句"Ten minules to go and I could close up ihe shop. ” 可知,此处指到 了锁店门关店的时候，作者不再介意顾客逗留在店里。故选B。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经没有了让我很困扰的多余的负担。A. obvious显而易见的；明显的； B. wrong 错误的；C. temporary 暂时的；D. extra 额外的。根据上文 “ I don't mind if customcrs.arc lingering(逗 留)when it's time to 19 the door. My smile is no longer fake.”可知，在之前每当要关店门时，作者很介 意顾客逗留在店里，因为下班后作者到家还要作家务，一直困扰着作者的这个问题成为了作者额外的负担。 故选D。第二节(共10小题每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As the curtain on the stage falls slowly,Lincoln Center bursts into 41 (hunder)applause. Chinese ballet dancer Chun Wai Chan once again impresses the audience from all over the world 42 his perfect performance in George Balanchine's The Nutcracker.Born in Huizhou City in 1992,Chan has become 43(attach) to dance since childhood. However, hisparents preferred him to be a doctor or a lawyer in the future. The uncompromising boy then wrote a seven-page letter to his parents describing his 44 (dctermine)to study dance. Thanks to the sincere letter, Chan 45 (eventual) gained (he support of his family, and al 12, he was admitted to Guangzhou Arts School 46(mark)lhe start of his dream-seeking journey.To get more people 47 (know) and love ballet, he often shares ballet teaching videos on social media. 48 provides ballet enthusiasts with a free chance to learn ballet. For every role he plays, he integrates Chinese culture and his understanding of life into his body language.Chan 49 (try) hard to promote the Chinese culture on 5() western ballet stage now. Liang Zhu(Butterfly Lovers), a ballet adaptation of an ancient Chinese legend choreographed by him, will be performed atLincoln Center in New York soon.【答案】41. thunderous42. with 43. attached44. determinationeventually45. markingto know46. which 49. is trying50. the