2023届吉林省白山市高三一模英语试题含解析.docx

20222023学年白山市高三一模联考试卷英语注意事项：1 .答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本 试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How will the speakers go to the beach?A On foot 99999999999999099999B By bike 99999999W?9999999?C By CHI'On which day docs the woman want to leave for New York?A 15th26th 999099999999999999099999999C 28thWhy didn't Tom go to the department stores yesterday?A. His brother got sick.B. He went （o the park.C. He had an appointment with a friend.2. Where is probably the man's dog now?A. In the garden. ?B. In the park. ?C. In his house.3. What does the woman want to do?A. Findajob?B. Sell her furniture. ?C. Rent a furnished apartment.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6、7题。Huang Yifan, a student from Shandong Province, 36 (like) observing ants and has discovered many funny secrets behind their behaviors, helping him win the gold medal in the S. -T. Yau High School Science Award, which is aimed to inspire scientific innovations for Chinese high school students all over the world. Since last August, Huang 37 (commit) to the competition. He've found that 38 ants live underground for a long time, they could still find out if other ants belong to the same nest. 39 (test) this, Huang made a nest with about 100 ants, using materials such 40 test tubes and plastic bottles.He applied blue paint to the stomach of one of the ants and put it back into the nest and observed how the rest of the ants responded.44After the 41 (paint) ant enters the nest, 42 rest will attack it and stop it from entering the nest. But when the ants discover (hat the dyed an( comes from the same nest by using their eyes and sense of smell, they will stop attacking,Huang said.With animal tracking software, cameras and other instruments, Huang designed six experiments to43 (far) explore the individual ants' ability to recognize their nestmates. uSocial insects like ants and bees have a strong 44 (able) to distinguish their own nest- mates, 45 helps to enhance the cohesion(凝 聚力)within the nest,''Huang added.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的同学汪伟上周六获得无锡市高中学生英语口语大赛第一名，并获得下个月省级决 赛的资格。请你写一篇英语报道，在学校英语广播播报，内容包括：1 .新闻内容；.该同学简介；2 .表达祝愿。注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Wang Wei: First Place in the English Oral Test47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。After Justin Gordon came back from his last delivery, the kitchen was clean and empty and the lights were off. He was changing his clothes when the restaurant's landline rang. He wasn't supposed to answer the phone, but he was afraid it might be his boss, Mr. Kelso. So he picked up the phone and said, “Gourmet Restaurant, may I help you?” An old woman's voice was on the other side, Tm so glad you're still open! Tvejust returned from a long trip and I have no food in the house. I really want to order some dinner! Justin hesitated for a moment, then he wrote down the woman's name and address and headed fbr the kitchen.Fortunately, Justin was an excellent cook. In fact, his iatc father was a good chef and his drcam was to become another, but he couldn't afford to enter the Culinary Academy（烹饪学院）.The food was ready soon. He wouldn't have time to clean up the kitchen if he was to de- liver the food quickly. So he decided to come into work early the next morning. He jumped onto his motorbike and headed for the customer's address.A woman in a wheelchair answered the door. uGood evening, Madam, this is a special delivery from Gourmet Restaurant. It is free of charge!” Justin said.Early the next morning, the first thing fbr Justin was to clean up the kitchen.He had nearly finished when Mr. Kelso walked in. "You're not the chef! You're allowed in the kitchen only if it's to pick up deliveries! he screamed, t4you acted against the rule! YOU'RE FIRED Justin was close to tears, but he knew that he had broken the rule. There was nothing he could say more.Mr. Kelso was extremely angry. When he went to dinner at his mother's that evening, he told her all about it. “Some woman phoned in an order after hours, and he left the kitchen in chaos!” he scoffed, t4can you believe it?”“Yes," his mother said, “1 phoned him, son.”注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。His mother told him what happened that evening.Mr. Kelso managed to find Justin and invite him to lunch at Gourmet Restaurant.听力：1-5 BA ACC ?6 10 ACB AC ? 11-15 BBCBA ? 16-20 BCBACA1. CB【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了瑞士联邦铁路网站的相关信息，包括火车的种类、提供的服务、买票方 式和小贴士。1. 细节理解题。根据 Kinds 下第三个黑点“S or S-Bahn trains arc frequent commuter trains that connect cities and suburbs. If you miss an S train, there's usually another one coming soon aftcr.（S 或 S-Bahn 列车是连接城市和郊 区的频繁通勤列车。如果你错过了 S火车，通常不久就会有另一列火车。厂可知，S-Bahn列车是频繁通勤 列车，错过一辆，下一辆也会很快到达。所以S-Bahn列车的特点就是运行频繁。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据 Ways of buying tickets F*4To purchase a ticket or research schedule options, type in your point-to-point destinations first and preferred travel time.（要购买火车票或研究行程选项,请先输入您的点对点 目的地和首选旅行时间。）“可知，当买火车票的时候，首先要输入目的地。故选C。3. 细节理解题。根据文章最后段“Your ticket will not show a seat reservation. If you buy tickets at the SBB counter or office in the train station, you'll have the option of reserving a seat in advanced您的火车票不会显示 座位预订。如果您在火车站的SBB柜台或办公室买票，您可以选择提前预订座位。）“可知，在火车站的 SBB柜台或办公室买票才可以提前预定座位。题干中的book和原文中的reserve是同义替换，都表示“预 订“。故选B。4. BD5. CB【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自行车爱好者安德鲁麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有问题 的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车。4. 细节理解题。根据第段中“The boy had never known the joy of biking because he suffered from hydrocephalus, a buildup of liquid in the brain （hat often causes balance disturbances.（这个男孩从未体验过骑自行车的乐趣，因 01/23为他患有脑积水，脑积水经常导致平衡障碍。）”以及第二段中“McLindon saysJTH never forget the smile on the boy's face.”（麦克林登说:“我永远不会忘记那个男孩脸上的笑容。”）”以及第三段中“That smile has contributed to launching the McLindon Family Foundation.（他的微笑促成了麦克林登家族基金会的成立。）“ 可知，麦克林登看到那些从未体验过骑自行车乐趣的孩子们骑上了自行车，孩子们脸上的笑容促使他成立 基金会。故选B。5. 细节理解题。由第三段中的"Funded by donations, the group works with pediatric rehab （小儿科康复）clinics to find children who can benefit from owning an adaptive bikeand （o help craft each bike to the particular needs of the child. A bike may include a headrest, a shoulder harness, a seat belt, and a caregiver's steering and braking mechanism in ihe back.（在捐款的资助下，该组织与儿科康复诊所合作，寻找能够从拥有一辆自适应自行车 中受益的儿童，并帮助根据儿童的特殊需要设计每辆自行车。自行车可能包括头枕、肩带、安全带，以及 背部护理人员的转向和制动机构）”可知，这种自行车是为平衡感有问题的孩子们制作的适合他们骑行的特 殊自行车，即它们是为残疾儿童设计的。故选D。6. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“"She spent most days on the couch watching TV. Soon after she got her bike, she was training for professional sports training. In a magazine interview, she said, 4I always knew there was an athlete in me （“她大部分时间都窝在沙发上看电视。在她得到自行车后不久，她就开始接受专业运动训练。 在一次杂志采访中，她说，我一直都知道自己有运动员的潜质。可知，自行车让这个14岁的女孩知道 自己有运动员的潜质，即她的运动潜力得到了开发。故选C。7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了臼行车爱好者安德鲁麦克林登创立麦克林登家族基金会，为平衡感有 问题的孩子们制作适合他们骑行的特殊自行车，从而改变了他们的生活。故B选项“Life-altering cycles.（改 变一生的自行车。）”概括文章主要内容。故选B。8. CB9. DA【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了我们用肉眼观察到的宇宙范围十分有限，但是在太空望远镜的帮助下可以看到 大爆炸后形成的第一批星系。目的意图题。根据文章第一段中“With just our eyes, we can generally only see a few thousand light years worth of distance.（仅凭我们的眼睛，我们通常只能看到几千光年的距离。）”以及“In order to see farther into space, we must rely on telescopes. How far can we see using the most powerful telescopes?（为了 看得更远的太空，我们必 须依靠望远镜。使用最强大的望远镜，我们能看到多远?）“可知，作者提到仙女座星系是想表达肉眼可见范 围十分有限，故选C。9. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Hubble Space Telescope （HST） was the record holder for the farthest visible distance in space until the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope （JWST） in 2021.（在 2021 年詹姆斯韦伯太 空望远镜（JWST）发射之前，哈勃太空望远镜（HST） 一直是太空最远可见距离的纪录保持者。户及“That means that JWST is able to piece together an additional 300 million years of universal history compared to HST. JWST will be able to study some of the first galaxies to form after the Big Bang.（这意味着与 HST 相比，JWST 能够再拼凑3亿年的普世历史。）”可知，JWST（詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜）比HST（哈勃太空望远镜）更先进可 以观测到更远的范围，故选B。10. 词义猜测题。根据笫三段中“Although light did exist before CMBR, gas and dust were simply too dense for light to cross space（虽然光在宇宙微波背景辐射之前就已经存在，但气体和尘埃的密度太大，光无法穿过空间。）” 以及结合光无法穿过空间可知，是因为气体和尘埃的原因，光无法穿过的可能性是气体和尘埃密度太大， 故选D。11. 标题判断题。根据第一段最后一句"How far can we see using the most powerful telescopes?（使用最强大的望 远镜，我们能看到多远）”及各段大意，文章第一段主要讲述了肉眼可见最远距离，第二段讲述了新的詹姆 斯韦伯太空望远镜的优势，第三段讲述我们能看到的最远物理距离。可知，文章主要讲述了人类可观测 到的最远距离，故选A。12. BA13. CA【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比人们对于短信语言的使用的不同态度，进而提出自己的观点：这种变化非 常适合现代快节奏的世界。细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mainstream media have complained about the way in which people communicate using technology."（主流媒体抱怨人们使用科技进行交流的方式。）可知，主流媒体抱怨的是人们的沟通方 式。故选Bo 13.推理判断题。根据第二段中“In a talk, linguist John McWhorter shared stories of people complaining about language change through the ages. He said in AD 63, for example, a Roman scholar complained that students of Latin were writing in an “artificial language”. In fact, this writing was a new language that would become French!” （在一次谈话中，语言学家约翰麦克沃特分享了人们抱怨语言随着时代变化的故事。他举例说，在公元63年，一位罗马学者抱怨学生用“人工语言”写作。事实上，这种文字是一种新的语言，将成为法语！）可 知，此处使用了举例子的方式证明了语言的进化。故选A。14. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Perhaps no linguistic development better indicates changes in the ways we communicate than the popular emoticon 俵情符号）,which can produce very clear pictures in our minds., （也许 没有哪种语言的发展能比流行的表情符号更好地表明我们交流方式的变化，这种表情符号可以在我们的脑 海中形成非常清晰的图像。）可知，表情符号是生动的。故选C。15. 推理判断题。根据最后段中“This kind of change is perfect for the modem, fast-paced world."（这种变化非 常适合现代快节奏的世界。）可知，作者对于使用表情符号等类似的短信语言的态度是赞同的。故选A。 16. A17. DB18. EF【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲绿色长城项目的进展情况。16.根据下文“The U. N. says up to 45 percent of Africa's land is impacted by desertification, worse than any other continent.（联合国表示，非洲多达45%的土地受到荒漠化的影响，比其他任何大陆都严重。）”可知，该空是 介绍沙漠化对环境的影响，A项“It has severe impacts on the environment.（它对环境有严重影响。）”中的 impacts为解题的关键信息，所讲述的内容与下文一致。故选A项。根据下文“They include limited political support, lack of money, weak organizational structures, and not enough consideration for the environment.（它们包括有限的政治支持，缺乏资金，组织结构薄弱以及对环境的考虑不 足。户列举了各种问题，与D项“But the project has been facing many problems.（但该项目一直面临许多问题。户 呼应。故选D项。18. 根据空格位于段尾可知，此处应该是对该段的总结，上文“Just 4 million hectares of land have been turned into forest since the work on the Great Green Wall began 15 years ago.（自 15 年前绿色长城工程开始以来,只有 400 万公顷的土地变成了森林。）”讲述的是自15年前绿色长城工程开始以来的取得的成绩，B项“That is only 4 percent of the program's goal.（这只是该计划目标的4%。片中的that指代的内容与上文内容相符合。故选B 项。19. 根据空后“It could also reduce levels of climate-related migration in the area and capture hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide from the air.（它还可以降低该地区与气候相关的迁移水平，并从空气中捕获数亿吨二 氧化碳。）”可知，该空所填内容是对项目好处的表述，E项“The project would create millions of green jobs in rural Africa.”讲述的该项FI产生的影响，符合语境。故选E项。20. 根据下文“They say some progress has been made in recent years in the east of the continent.（他们说，近年来非 洲大陆东部取得了一些进展。户可知，此空所填内容中必须包含名词复数与该句中的代词ihey指代内容一 致，F 项“Despite many problems, those involved in the project remain hopeful.（尽管存在许多问题，但参与该 项目的人仍然充满希望。户中的those指代内容与they一致，结合上下文语意理解，可以判断F项符合语 境。故选F项。21. DC22. AD23. BB24. CA25. D31. DA32. CC33. A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者小时候，家里的经济拮据，父母在一家饭店打工，作者经常帮父母。一次一位顾客 定了餐，却没有钱付。他问作者的名字并答应下次会付钱。此时，作者家里正面对危机：奶奶去世的葬礼 费和房租的上涨，妈妈为此愁眉苦脸。在作者查看他们家的邮箱时，发现两封信，其中一封里装着那位顾 客寄给作者的钱。正是这些钱帮助作者家渡过了难关。21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他问我能不能下次再付，还问我叫什么名字。A. wish愿望；B. number数字； C. duty职责;D. name名字。根据下文“I agreed and told him to call me "Angela"”可知,他问我的名字。故 选D。22. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，那个奇怪的人就不见了。A. ugly丑陋的；B. familiar熟悉的： C.odd奇怪的;D. mad疯狂的°根据上文“I fblt a little strange”可知,这个人很奇怪。故选C。23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我到处找，甚至问餐厅里的每个人有没有见过他。A. searched搜索；B. hesitated 犹豫；C. begged祈求；乞讨；D. wandered徘徊。根据下文“Where can I find him?”可知，此处指我到处寻 找。故选A。24. A.patiently：我妈妈说我一直一个人坐着，自言自语，“我在哪儿能找到他?”A.patiently耐心地；B. calmly 冷静地；C. asleep睡着的；D. alone独自地。根据下文“There was no one around you ”可知，此处指我一 个人坐着。故选D。25. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，她会忍不住大叫:“你疯了吗？你身边没有人A. wages工资；B. senses 感觉；C. life生活；D. way方式。根据下文“There was no one around you.”可知，作者旁边没有人，但妈 妈听作者自言自语，所以妈妈认为作者是失去理智了。out of sense “失去理智”，故选瓦26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，妈妈在哭。A. whispering低语;B. weeping哭泣；C. wailing等待;06/23D. chatting聊天。根据下文“She told me that my grandma had passed away”可知,奶奶去世了,所以此处指妈 妈伤心地哭。故选B。27. 考查动词词义辨析句意：她哽咽着说我不知道如何支付葬礼费用和高昂的房租。"A.predicl预测；B. present 呈现；介绍；C. afford 支付得起：D. announce 宣布。根据卜文“the funeral expenses and the high rent” 可知，这里指支付葬礼费用和高的房租。故选C。28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向她保证我会帮她收拾残局。A. assured保证；担保；B. stroke打击；罢工： C. forgave 原谅；D. annoyed 惹恼。结合上文“ Choking up, she said, "I don't know how to 7 the funeral expenses and the high reni”，下文“I would help pick up the odds and ends”可知，在妈妈对我们糟糕的处境难过 时，我安慰她并向她保证说自己会帮忙。故选A。29. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把手伸进去，拿出两个大信封。此处考查介词和动词的搭配。A. cut in打断 （谈话）；B. poured in 大量涌入；C. broke in 打断；闯入；D. reached in 到达；根据上文“My mom told me to check the mailbox again”及下文“ in it and pulled out two huge envelopes”可知,此处指我按照妈妈的要求到 邮箱查看。故选D。30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她打开了一个信封，结果发现我们公寓的大账单。A. lock锁；B. bill账单；C. ownership 所有权;D. description 描述。根据上文“the rent on our apartment had gone up”可知,这里指信封 里装着房租的费用的单子。故选B。31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她走进她的房间，说她不敢处理另一个。A. make制作；B. shut关闭;C. believe 相信；D. handle处理：解决。结合上文“She opened one”可知，这里指妈妈害怕打开另一个信封，即解决信 这个难题。故选D。32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它撕开，把里面的东西倒在床上。A.contents内容；内件；B.coins硬币； C. packs包裹；D. clothes衣服。根据上文“I tore it open and emptied”可知，我撕开信封后应该是把信封里的 东西都放在床上，故选A。33. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一些支票，都是寄给我的。A. reslored修复：B. known知道；C. addressed写（收信人）姓名地址；D. acknowledged 承认。结合上文“I agreed and told him to call me “Angela"”及卜 07/23Why does the man want to change his job?A. He is not satisfied with his salary.B. His coworkers aren't kind to him.C. The environment isn't agreeable.6. What will the woman do for the man?A. Find him a new job.B. Lend him some money.C. Help him apply fbr a loan.听第7段对话，回答第8至10题。7. What is the conversation mainly about?A. The woman's poor health.B. The cleaning of the floor.C. The prize for a good job.8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife. ?B. Doctor and patient. ?C. Boss and employee.9. What do we know about the Roomba?A. 1( helps the man with his work.B. It costs the woman nearly $400.C. It frees users of heavy housework.听第8段对话，回答第11至13题。10. Why does the woman prefer to buy an electric car?A. Its low price. ?B. Environmental protection. ?C. Its powerful engine.11. What is the man's attitude towards the wide use of electric cars?A. Supportive. ?B. Worried. ?C. Unconcerned.12. What does the man think this town needs to do?A. Broaden the roads.B. Limit the number of cars.C. Improve public transport.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。13. What are the speakers doing?A. Attending a wedding. ?B. Having a party. ?C. Holding a meeting.文“to me”可知，这曲支票上写的都是我的名字。故选C。34. 考查名词词义辨析工句意：后来