Unit1 现代大学英语精读2.ppt

Unit1 现代大学英语精读2Topicdiscussion:wWhydidyoucometouniversities?wWhatdoyouexpecttolearninuniversities?wDoyounowhavenewvisionsofthepurposeofuniversity?Suggestedanswers:1.TogiveSssufficienttrainingforacareer.2.ToexposeSstotheessenceofhumancivilization3.Tocultivatethequalitiesofbeingahuman4.Togatherusefulinformationandknowledge5.ToencourageintellectualcuriosityandculturalappreciationMemorableQuotes1.Ineducationwearestrivingnottoteachyouthtomakealiving,buttomakealife.-WilliamWhite2.Thefoundationofeverystateistheeducationoftheyouth.-Diogenes3.Ihaveneverletmyschoolinginterferewithmyeducation.-MarkTwainPreviewWorkNewwords&Expressions1.Accomplishment2.Acquire3.Assume4.Available5.Certify6.Employ7.Expose8.Qualified9.Befreshoutof/from10.Meantodosth.11.Specializein12.Averageout13.Seetoitthat14.Presideover15.Sufficeit(tosay)that16.Beouttodosth./forsth.17.Bestuckfor18.Thechancesarethat19.Havenobusinessdoingsth./todosth.20.Betrueof21.InessenceAnotherSchoolYear-WhatFor?wContent:w-BackgroundInformationw-Authorw-Newwords&phrasesw-TextAnalysisBackgroundInformationDoyouknowanythingaboutthefamoushistoricliteraryfiguresbelow?Matchtherelatedinformation.NameNationalityMasterpieceWilliamShakespeareItalianRelativityAlighierDanteGermanMaximsBachSwiss-AmericanOdysseyHomerFrenchCanterburyTalesEinsteinEnglishChurchCantatasChaucerGreekTheDivineComedyLaRochefoucauldEnglishHamletNameNationalityMasterpieceWilliamShakespeareItalianTheoryofRelativityAlighieriDanteGermanMaximsBachSwiss-AmericanOdysseyHomerFrenchCanterburyTalesEinsteinEnglishChurchCantatasChaucerGreekTheDivineComedyLaRochefoucauldEnglishHamletMoredetailedbackgroundinformationWorkingroupof7totranslatethenotesgivenafterthetextandthenchoosearepresentativetoreportthetranslationtotheclass.“Weseldomfindsuchsensiblemenasthosewhoagreewithus.”“Virtuesarelostinself-interestasriversarelostinthesea.”“Thesurestwaytobedeceivedistothinkoneselfclevererthantheothers.”“Wealwayslikethosewhoadmireus;wedonotalwayslikethosewhomweadmire.”-byLaRochefoucauldPronunciationMeaning(s)&usageCollocationsderivativessynonyms&antonymsSimilarwordsCulturalinformationWord StudyCheck-onPreviewWritedownthewordsaccordingtothecorrespondingexplanations.f_a_p_s_l_e_c_e_s_s_alltheteachersofauniversityorcollegebehavinginaproudandself-importantwayshowingtheabilitytounderstandthingsclearlyanddeeplyanuncivilizedhumanbeinginabasicmeaningofawordtoofficiallyarrangetojoinauniversityEducatedandrefined;havinganadvancedcultureThemostimportantqualityorfeatureofsth.OneofthetwoperiodsintowhichtheyearisdividedinAmericanhighschoolsanduniversitiesAbletounderstandorappreciateart,musicorliteratureacultyrrogantlyenetratingavageiteralnrollivilizedssenceemesterensitiveCheck-onPreviewwAcquirewAveragewContainwEmploywshudderwexpertisewGeneratewImplicitlywInevitablewmaintainwTogain;togetforoneselfbyonesownworkwTocalculatetheaverageofsth.wTohavesth.insideoraspartofitwTospendtimedoingsthwToshakeuncontrollablyforamomentwSkillinaparticularfieldwToproducewInanimpliedwaywCertaintohappenandimpossibletoavoidwTocontinuetohaveasbeforeWordstudy1.Amongher_weresewing,cooking,playingthepianoanddancing.Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.2.Ofcourse,therearemanybooksthatweallhavetoread,eithertopassexaminationsorto_information,fromwhichitisimpossibletoextractenjoyment.3.Therefore,thegovernmentwillhaveto_responsibilityifbadassetsgrowsrapidly.4.Mr.Leachisonholidayandwasnot_forcomment.accomplishmentsacquireassumeavailablew5.Herdaysare_ingardeningandvoluntarywork.w6.Thecorruptofficialboughtoffthosewhomight_him.w7.Heistheonlyone_toworkonhiscode.w8.Itwaswellworthytostrivearduouslyin_ofourownhappinessanddream!w9.Wecan_forhiscompetenceasaneditor.employedexposequalifiedcertifypursuitwWriteaparagraphbyusingatleast5wordsbelow.Acquire,available,contain,expose,graduate,incompetence,maintain,nevertheless,qualified,professional,skill,specialize,unaidedAaccomplishmentw1.Cuttingthebudgetwasanimpressiveaccomplishment.w (achievement)w2.Oureffortsweredirectedtowardstheaccomplishmentofthework.w(the act of finishing or achieving sth.good)wV.accomplishwAdj.accomplishedwCompare:accomplish&completeassumew1.Youassumehisinnocencebeforehearingtheevidenceagainsthim.w (to suppose;to think that sth.is true)w2.Asamale,heassumedallhisdutiesheshouldassume.w(to take or begin to have power or responsibility)w3.Sheassumedanairofindifference,eventhoughshewaseagertoseehim.w (to pretend to have a particular feeling or quality)wN.assumptionwConj.Assuming(that)CertifywThedriverwascertifieddeadatthescene.w(to state that sth.is true or correct,证明，证实）wShewascertifiedasateacherin1990.w（authorize officially,给颁发合格证书）wN.certificate证书，执照，文凭weg:birth/death/marriagewN.certification证明，保证exposew1)In1971,thepeopleinEastAfricawereexposedtoeverykindofdanger-flood,famine,diseaseandwar.（to put sb.in a situation where they are not protected from sth.dangerous or unpleasant)w2)Hethreatenedtoexposehertothepolice.w(to show the truth about sb.or sth.)wN.exposition9.Befreshoutof/from10.Meantodosth.11.Specializein12.Averageout13.Seetoitthat14.Presideoverwtohavejustcomefromaparticularplace;tohavejusthadaparticularexperience刚wtointendtodo打算做wtobecomeanexpertinaparticularareaofstudy,workorbusiness专门研究wtocometoanaverageorordinarylevelorstandard,esp.afterbeinghigherorlower其平均数为wtomakesurethat确保wtobeinchargeortocontrolameetingoranevent,hereusedhumorously主持A15.Sufficeittosaythat16.Beouttodosth./forsth.17.Bestuckfor18.Thechancesarethat19.Havenobusinessdoingsth./todosth.20.Betrueof21.Inessence22.Beexposedtosth.23.Beemployedindoingsth.witisenoughtosaywtobetryingtogetordosth.打算做wnotknowingwhattodoinaparticularsituation因而不知所措witispossiblethat;itislikely很可能wtohavenorighttodosth.无权做wtoapplyto适用于wbynature;essentially本质上；实质的wTobeintroducedtosth.togetfamiliarwithsth.使能接触到wTospendtimedoingsth.忙于做1.刚从学校毕业，他们遇到了一系列的问题，也有刚从学校毕业，他们遇到了一系列的问题，也有很多机遇。很多机遇。Freshoutofcollege,theywereexposedtoaseriesofproblemsaswellasplentyofopportunities.2.不管学习何种专业，大学生都应该接受人文通识不管学习何种专业，大学生都应该接受人文通识教育。教育。Collegestudentsshouldhavehumanisticliberaleducation,whatevertheyspecializein.3.请确保所有同学都收到了考试延期的通知。请确保所有同学都收到了考试延期的通知。Pleaseseetoitthatallstudentshavebeennotifiedofthedelayoftheexam.Translationwork4.人的财富各有多少，但幸福感都是差不多的。人的财富各有多少，但幸福感都是差不多的。Peoplemaydiffergreatlyinwealth,buttheirsenseofhappinesstendstoaverageout.5.没有什么语言能表达我的悲伤。没有什么语言能表达我的悲伤。Nowordswillsufficetoconveymygrief.6.年轻人倾向于向前看，而老人更喜欢回忆旧时年轻人倾向于向前看，而老人更喜欢回忆旧时光。任何一个国光。任何一个国 家的人都如此。家的人都如此。Theyoungtendtolookaheadwhiletheoldliketolookbackonthepast.Thisistrueofallnations.7.如果你喜欢某个人，就让他知道，很可能他也如果你喜欢某个人，就让他知道，很可能他也喜欢你呢。喜欢你呢。Ifyouhavesomeoneonyourmind,lethimknow.Thechancesarethatyouareonhisaswell.TextAnalysiswGenrewStylewThemewStructurewDetailedanalysiswFiguresofSpeechBackgroundGenreOrientationspeechperiodoftimeatthebeginningoftheacademicyearatauniversityduringwhichavarietyofeventsareheldtoorientandwelcomenewstudents.Theorientationhelpsnewstudentstoorganizetheirclasses,acclimatetostudentlife,andintroducethemselvestoothernewstudents.Speechesareoftengivenatorientationbypresidentsoracclaimedprofessorsoftheuniversity.AudienceCollegefreshmenTextAnalysisStructureStylecolloquial,familiar;E.g.usethedirectspeechtorecreatethesceneofhisencounterwiththetallboyinhisofficefirsthumorous,mildlysarcastic;E.g.“abeanpolewithhairontop”,“thisspecimen”and“thisparticularpest”.laterseriousandearnestafewlongandinvolvedsentencesinthesecondpartoftext,e.g.sentencesinPara.12&14Whatisthepurposeofuniversityeducation?Universityeducationhasatwo-foldpurposeToprovidestudentswithtechnical&professionaltrainingToeducatestudentstobecomecivilizedhumanbeingsThemeTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPartI:MainIdeaRetelltheteachersencounterwiththestudent.Occasion,studentsappearance&question,whattheteacherhasinmindandwhathesays,studentsresponseWhatisthestudentsattitudetowardsreadingShakespeareandtowardstheteacher?Findtextualevidence.Whatistheteachersattitudetowardsthestudent?Findtextualevidence.Howdoestheteachertrytoexplaintothestudenttheimportanceofreadingliterature?LanguagepointsLetmetellyouoneoftheearliestdisastersinmycareerasateacher.wLetmetellyouoneofthegreatfailureshappenedwhenIfirstbecameateacher/inthefirstdaysofmyteachingcareer.wdisaster:anunexpectedeventthatkillsalotofpeopleorcausesalotofdamage”.Hereitmeans“acompletefailure”.Exaggerationforahumorouseffect.IwasfreshoutofgraduateschoolstartingmyfirstsemesterattheUniversityofKansasCity.wIhadjustcompletedmygraduatestudiesandbeganteachingattheUniversityofKansasCity.AdverbialphrasePartofthestudentbodywasabeanpolewithhairontopwhocameintomyclass,satdown,foldedhisarms,andlookedatmeasiftosay“Allright,teachmesomething.”wpartofthestudentbody:oneofthestudentswthestudentbody:allthestudentsoftheuniversitywbody:agroupofpeoplewhoworkoracttogether,oftenforanofficialpurpose,orwhoareconnectedinsomeotherway,e.g.alaw-makingbody立法机构thegoverningbodyoftheuniversity大学管理机构wbeanpole:apolefamersuseasasupportforbeansinvegetablegardens.hereitmeansatallandthinpersonwhatanunfavorableimpressionthestudentleftonthewriter:appearance&mannerUsageofasifasif:withtheappearanceof;apparentlyasif+clausewShe looks as if she is going to cry.(fact)wShe always talks to me as if she were my sister.(not fact)asif+infinitivewHe opened his lips as if to say something.asif+presentparticiplewHe was standing by the window as if waiting for somebody.asif+pastparticiplewUpon hearing the news,she was completely dumbfounded as if struck by lightning.asif+adj.wAs if unsure of where she was,she hesitated and looked round.NewasIwastothefaculty,Icouldhavetoldthisspecimenanumberofthings.wThoughIwasanewteacher,IknewIcouldtellhimwhatauniversitywasfor,butIdidnt.(我虽然经验不多)也讲得出这些道理（但我没有讲）。wNewasIwas:thoughIwasnewStrange as it may seem,he never really wants to be rich.Fast as you read,you cant finish the book so soon.Object as you may,Ill go.wnewtosth.:notyetfamiliarwithsth.becauseyouhaveonlyjuststarted,arrived,etc.SubjunctivemoodAnimalhumanbeing(humorouseffect)Icouldhavepointedoutthathehadenrolled,notinadrugstore-mechanicsschool,butinacollegeandthatattheendofhiscoursehemeanttoreachforascrollthatwouldreadBachelorofScience.wIcouldhavetoldhimthathewasnownotgettingtrainingforajobinatechnicalschoolbutdoingaB.S.atauniversity.wPhrases:wPointout;enrollin;meantodosth.;reachfor;BachelorofScienceapieceofpaperwhichsaidBachelorofScienceitwouldcertifythathehadspecializedinpharmacy,butitwouldfurthercertifythathehadbeenexposedtosomeoftheideas(mankindhasgeneratedwithinitshistory).wTheB.S.certificatewouldbeanofficialproofthattheholderhadspecialknowledgeofpharmacy,butitwouldalsobeaproofthathehadlearnedsomeprofoundideasofthepast.Icouldhavetoldhimallthis,butitwasfairlyobvioushewasntgoingtobearoundlongenoughforittomatter.wIdidntactuallysayallthistohim,becauseIdidntthinkhewouldstayatcollegeverylong,soitwouldntbeimportantwhetherornotheknewwhatuniversityeducationwasfor.wbearound:tobepresentinaplace;availablewmatter(tosb.):tobeimportantorhaveanimportanteffectonsb./sth.It doesnt matter whether or not you agree.My mind is made up.Does it matter if I write in pencil?introductorywhetherItoldhimallthisYouwillseetoit(thatthecyanidestaysoutoftheaspirin),(thatthebulldoesntjumpthefence),or(thatyourclientdoesntgototheelectricchairasaresultofyourincompetence).wYouhavetotakeresponsibilityfortheworkyoudo.Ifyoureapharmacist,youshouldmakesurethataspirinisnotmixedwithpoisonouschemicals.Asanengineer,youshouldntgetthingsoutofcontrol.Ifyoubecomealawyer,youshouldmakesureaninnocentpersonisnotsentencedtodeathbecauseyoulackadequatelegalknowledgeandskilltodefendyourclient.wgototheelectricchair(=electrocute):tobepunishedbybeingkilledontheelectricchair,thatis,bypassingelectricitythroughbodyAppositiveclauseAlongwitheverythingelse,theywillprobablybewhatputsfoodonyourtable,supportsyourwife,andrearsyourchildren.wInadditiontoallotherthings(suchassatisfaction)theseprofessionsoffer,theyprovideyouwithalivingsothatyoucansupportafamilywifeandchildren.walongwith:inadditiontosb./sth.;togetherwithsb./sth.She keeps her pills in her bag,along with her money and her comb and lipstick and the usual junk.nounclause(predictive)wWillthechildreneverbeexposedtoareasonablypenetratingideaathome?wWillyourchildreneverhearyoutalkaboutsomethingprofoundathome?Shewantstofindaplacereasonablyclose(=notfarfrom)toheruniversity.Ouruniversityisnotoneofthetopten,butreasonablywellknownbothathomeandabroad.toadegreethatisfairlygoodbutnotverygood,AnideathatrequirestheabilityofunderstandingclearlyanddeeplyWillyoubepresidingoverafamilythatmaintainssomecontactwiththegreatdemocraticintellect?wWillyoubeheadofafamilywhobringsupthekidsinademocraticspirit?wmaintaincontactwith:tokeepintouchwith,hereusedfigurativelythegreatdemocraticthinkingwWilltherebeapaintingareasonablysensitivemancanlookatwithoutshuddering?wWillyouhaveapaintinginyourhousethatshowsgoodtaste?“Ihopeyoumakealotofit,”Itoldhim,“becauseyouregoingtobebadlystuckforsomethingtodowhenyourenotsigningchecks.”wsigningchecks:payingforwhatyouveboughtbysigningcheckswWhatdoesthesentencemean?Notethesarcastictoneofthewriter.Inspiteofwhathehadsaid,thestudentdidntseemtobeconvinced.Ifyoudonthaveanygoalinlifeapartfrommakingmoneytosatisfyyourdesireformaterialriches,goaheadandmakealotofit.Otherwiseyouwouldntknowwhattodowithallyouridletime.PartII:MainIdeaHowdoesthewriterpresenthisargumentinthe2ndpart?Educationisanessentialpartofthepurposeofuniversity&theconsequenceofrefusingtobeeducated.Inordertobeeducated,oneneedstolearnfromthepast(example:MIT)Booksareanimportantcarrierofthepast,andprovidepeoplewithavarietyoflives.Themissionofuniversityistoeducatethestudents.IfyouhavenotimeforShakespeare,forabasiclookatphilosophy,forthecontinuityofthefinearts,forthatlessonofmansdevelopmentwecallhistorythenyouhavenobusinessbeingincollege.wIfyoudontwanttoimproveyourmindandbroadenyourhorizonbystudyingalittleliterature,philosophyandthefineartsandhistory,youshouldntbestudyinghereatcollege.4forParallelstructureYouareonyourwaytobeingthatnewspeciesofmechanizedsavage,thepush-buttonNeanderthal.wYouwillsoonbecomeanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyworkmachinesandoperatemechanicalequipment(onewhodoesntknowanythingaboutliterature,music,thefinearts,cultureingeneral,etc.)wonthe/oneswayto:onthepointofexperiencingorachieving,e.g.She is on the way to becoming a full professor.Mary is well on her way to a nervous breakdown.lanuneducated,ignorantpersonwhocanonlyuse/operatemachinesbypushingthebuttonslnewtypeofhumanswhoareintellectuallysimpleandnotdevelopedandwhocanonlyworkmachinesOurcollegesinevitablygraduateanumberofsuchlifeforms,butitcannotbesaidthattheywenttocollege;ratherthecollegewentthroughthemwithoutmakingcontact.wAnumberofsuchpush-buttonsavagesgetcollegedegrees.Wecannothelpthat.Butevenwiththeirdegrees,wecantsaythatthesepeoplehavereceivedapropercollegeeducation.Itismoreaccuratetosaythattheycomethroughcollegewithoutlearninganything.wgothrough(aperson)(likeadoseofsalts):(offood,etc.)topassthroughthebodyaswastematterwithoutbeingdigested;here,usedfigurativelyandsarcastically(usedsarcastically)meaningthesepeoplearelivingcreatures,butcantthinkandreasonThereisnottimeenoughinasinglelifetimetoin