新概念英语第二册第10ppt课件.ppt

Hip-hoprap（说唱乐）b-boying（街 舞）dj-ing（玩唱片及唱盘技巧）、graffiti writing（涂 鸦 艺 术)Agricultural Heavy Metal RockClavichord古钢琴The clavichord is a European stringed keyboard instrument known from the late Medieval,through the Renaissance,Baroque and Classical eras.Historically,it was widely used as a practice instrument and as an aid to composition,not being loud enough for larger performances.PianoGrand Piano Upright PianoPre-taskWhen and where was the clavichord made?Who damaged this instrument recently?What did she try to play on it?It was made in Germany in 1681.It was a visitor.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.She tried to play jazz on it.We have an old musical instrument.It is called a clavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living-room.It has belong to our family for a long time.The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.We have an old_.It is called a _.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is _ in the living-room.It has belong to our family for a long time.The instrument was _ by my grandfather many years ago._ it was _ by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the _ too hard and two of the _ were broken.My father was _.Now we are not _ to _ it.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.New wordsJazz 爵士乐modern-jazz、sexy-jazz、power-jazz、new-jazz PovertyJazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in black communities in the Southern United States.Hip-hoppop music 流行乐country music 乡村音乐rock music 摇滚乐 folk music 民族音乐 blues 布鲁斯(蓝调)classical pop 古典流行 Instrument名词名词 n.C1.仪器;器具,器械The dentist picked up several instruments.那牙科医生把几把器械收拾好。2.乐器3.手段,工具;促成某事的东西Language is an instrument for communication.语言是交际的手段。Musical形容词形容词 a.1.音乐的,关于音乐的Ba musical critic 一位乐坛评论家 musical instruments 乐器 2.音乐般的,美妙的,悦耳的He has a musical speaking voice.他的嗓音非常悦耳。3.喜爱音乐的;擅长音乐的a musical family 一个音乐世家 4.配乐的;有音乐伴奏的They performed a musical play.他们演了一出音乐剧。Key名词名词 n.C1.钥匙2.图例;题解3.(解决问题的)线索;秘诀;答案The detective believes the missing gun is the key to the mystery.那侦探认为那把丢失的枪是侦破这宗疑案的线索。4.(钢琴,打字机等的)键5.【音】调The song is written in the key of D.这首歌是用D调谱写的。6.关键,要害;关键人物The quarterback was the key of their team.那四分后卫是他们队的灵魂人物。This is the key to world peace.这是世界和平的关键。key to the door String名词名词 n.1.线;细绳;带子UCI need a piece of string to tie this parcel up.我需要一根细绳把这包裹扎起来。2.(附在衣服等上的)带子,丝带C3.(穿珠,钱等的)串线,串绳C4.一串,一行,一列C(+of)A string of accidents happened at that corner.在那个转角发生了一连串的事故。The monk wears a string of beads.和尚戴着一串念珠。5.弦Keep及物动词及物动词 vt.1.(长期或永久)持有,保有I kept it all the time to remind me of you.我一直保存着它,以此唤起我对你的记忆。2.(一时)拥有;保管Please keep the watch for me while I go swimming.我去游泳,请代我保管这表。3.存放,保留,保存We keep food in a refrigerator.我们把食物存放在冰箱里。Belong不及物动词不及物动词 vi.W1.应被放置(在某处)QThe chair belongs in the corner.这张椅子应放在角落处。2.合适;适用;适宜QJean belongs in the movies.琼适合于拍电影。3.(在分类上)属,应归入;(在关系方面)属(于)QThey belong to a younger generation.他们属于较年轻的一代。4.合得来;成为集体的一分子He felt he did not belong among those people.他感到他和那些人格格不入。Allow allow v.准许,容许，听任，任,承认1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事eg:Allow me to introduce to you my friend Johnson.请允许我把我的朋友约翰逊介绍给你。2.allow that承认。eg:We allow that we are wrong.我们承认自己错了。3.allow(of)容许 to permit;to admit.eg:The question allows of no dispute.问题无争论余地。The situations allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延；形势刻不容缓。4.allow(for)体谅；考虑到，酌量 eg:We must allow for his youth.我们得体谅他年轻。allow for the circumstances 考虑到具体情况。Damagedamage;destroy;hurt;break;spoil 都都是动词，有是动词，有“破坏，伤害破坏，伤害”的意思。的意思。区别：区别：damage损坏程度不大，可以修复损坏程度不大，可以修复destroy严重破坏，无法修复严重破坏，无法修复hurt（指人）受伤害（包括肉体和感（指人）受伤害（包括肉体和感情的伤害）情的伤害）No one was seriously in the traffic accident.Touch及物动词及物动词 vt.1.接触,碰到2.触摸She lightly touched his forehead.她轻轻地摸了摸他的前额。3.(常与否定词连用)碰;乱动Dont touch the exhibits.不要碰展览品。4.(常与否定词连用)达到,比得上Few students in our school can touch him in music.在音乐方面,我们学校很少有学生能与他相比。5.触动,感动I was touched beyond words.我感动莫名。Repair及物动词 vt.1.修理;修补The roof should be repaired soon.这屋顶应及早整修。He had his car repaired yesterday.昨天他把车子送去修好了。2.补救;纠正Tom tried to repair his mistake.汤姆努力纠正自己的错误。3.恢复It took a long time for him to repair his health.他过了好长时间才恢复健康。Shockn 震动 冲击,冲撞;震动 Earthquake shocks are often felt in Japan.在日本常常感觉到地震引起的震动。及物动词 vt.H1.使震动,使震荡 2.使震惊(或愤慨,厌恶等)They were shocked by her rudeness.他们对她的无礼感到震惊。n.get a shocksb get a shock:某人很吃惊surprisebe made in+地点be made of/be made from+材料：由制造be made of:能看出原料 eg:The ring is made of gold.be made from:看不出原料/多种原料 eg:It is made from plastic.be made into+成品：被制成 eg:The gold is made into a ring.play1.跟球类连用，直接跟球类连用，直接+球类：球类：play football2.跟乐器连用，跟乐器连用，+the+乐器：乐器：play the piano在乐器上：在乐器上：play music on+乐器乐器How to describe the picturesThe river was seriously polluted.Some trees have been cut down.The Passive Voice(被动语态）被动语态）语语态态是是动动词词的的一一种种形形式式，表表示示主主语语和和动动词词之之间间的的关关系系。英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态：主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态动动词词的的主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，而而被被动动语语 态态 动动 词词 的的 主主 语语 是是 动动 作作 的的 承承 受受 者者。英语语态英语语态被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由助动词由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。构成。助动词助动词be有有人称、数和时态的变化人称、数和时态的变化。英语的谓语动词有两种语态英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.SVOEnglish is spoken by us.SVby+O宾变主宾变主,主变宾主变宾,前加前加by动变被动变被,看清看清be,结构分别结构分别be+pp主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主变被解题步骤主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语找宾语-即动作的承受即动作的承受者者They make shoes in that factory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数判断宾语的单复数-即即be动词的单复数动词的单复数.arewere3.判断动词的时态判断动词的时态-即即be动词的时态动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分即原句动词改为过去分词词 made5.修改原句的主语修改原句的主语-即即by+主语主语/宾语宾语.in the factory by them.一般现在时：一般现在时：amisaretaught 一般过去时：一般过去时：wasweretaught 一般将来时：一般将来时：willshall(be going to)betaught 现在进行时：现在进行时：amisare beingtaught 过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were beingtaught 现在完成时：现在完成时：havehas beentaught 过去完成时：过去完成时：had been+taught 过去将来时：过去将来时：would(was/were going to)be+taught 含情态动词：含情态动词：can/must/need/have to+be taught Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.1.The bridge (build)last year.2.The Olympic Games (hold)every four years.3.The problem (discuss)at the meeting now.4.His new book (publish)next month.5.The classroom (not clean)yet.was built are held is being discussed will be published has not been cleaned Read text-1 6.The machine (repair)at this time yesterday.7.She said the report (type)by Li Mei for two weeks.8.Miss Li said the book (give)to the students the next morning.9.By the end of next term，two thousand English words (learn).10.He said the project .(finish)by 2010.was being repairedhad been typed would be given will have been learnedwould have been finished 语态转换(Give the students some minutes to discuss)1.He teaches English in our school.2.She gave me a book.English is taught in our school by him.I was given a book by her.A book was given to me by her.口诀口诀1：宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动。口诀口诀2：如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前加to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell)3.He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.口诀口诀3：这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。（feel,listen to,hear,let have,make,look at,see,watch)4.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。Article2_popwin_radio英英语中用主中用主动表被表被动的几种特殊情况的几种特殊情况2.某些某些“be+形容词形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通常结构中的不定式通常要用主动形式表示被动意义：要用主动形式表示被动意义：1.连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。连系动词为不及物动词，它们没有被动语态形式。但有些表示感受、感官的但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词连系动词(如如look,sound,smell,feel,taste 等等)可用主动表被动：可用主动表被动：The building looks very beautiful.这座建筑看上去很美。Her voice sounded quite sweet.她的声音听起来非常甜美。The book is difficult to understand.这书很难懂。The music isnt pleasant to listen to.这音乐不好听。Article3_popwin_flight 3.不定式用于某些动词不定式用于某些动词(如如have,have got,get等等)的的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的宾语后作定语时，如果不定式的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。主语，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。I have some clothes to wash.我有一些衣服要洗。Miss Green has some important letters to send.格林小姐有一些重要的信件要寄。注：若不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被注：若不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，则应用被 动式，比较：动式，比较：I have something to type.我有些东西要打(字)。(指自己打字)I have something to be typed.我有些东西要打(字)。(指请人打字)4.在在 tooto do sth 和和enough to do sth这两个结这两个结构中，若句子主语与其后不定式构中，若句子主语与其后不定式to do sth为被动关为被动关系，则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义系，则该不定式通常用主动形式表示被动意义(有时有时也可直接用被动式也可直接用被动式)。The tea is too hot to drink.茶太热，不能喝。These boxes are not strong enough to use to be used as a platform.这些箱子不够牢，不能用作站台。6.在在need,want,require等少数表示等少数表示“需要需要”的的 动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意动词后的动名词用主动形式表被动意义。义。5.be worth后的动名词要用主动表被动。后的动名词要用主动表被动。The house needs cleaning.房子需要打扫了。These children require looking after.这些孩子需要照看。The house needs to be cleaned.These children require to be looked after.This movie is worth seeing.这部影片值得一看。The problem is not worth discussing.这个问题不值得讨论。1).不及物动词没有被动语态。不及物动词没有被动语态。如：如：belong,happen,take place,last,come true,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。等。*Great changes have taken place in this city.*That bike doesnt belong to Mike.2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have /fitI have a TV set.The coat fits me well.3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正正】Look at the blackboard，please【误误】The blackboard is looked at by you 4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态系动词没有被动态和进行时态这鱼味道很好。这鱼味道很好。这条围巾摸上去很软。这条围巾摸上去很软。The fish tastes good.The scarf feels soft.5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正正】You must look after yourself【误误】Yourself must be looked after 6.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。这书很好卖。这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。这种布很好洗。The book sells well.This kind of cloth washes very well.这书卖完了。这书卖完了。The book is sold out.Article5_popwin_in the world 1下一届奥运会将于下一届奥运会将于2012年在伦敦举行。年在伦敦举行。2 奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。奶奶告诉他要好好保管这枚戒指。3我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。我现在很忙。我有很多作业要做。4到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。到目前为止，地球人已经几次拜访了月亮。The next Olympic Games will be held in London in 2012.He was told by his grandma that the ring should be kept well.Im busy now.I have lots of homework to do.So far,the moon has been visited by earthmen several times.KEYKEYKEYKEYTranslate the following sentences into English.Article5_popwin_embarrassed1 5你的外套该洗洗了。你的外套该洗洗了。6我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。我爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。7 这本书值得一看。这本书值得一看。8 有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。有人看到他昨天下午在操场上打篮球。KEYYour coat needs cleaning/to be cleaned.I was bought a new bicycle by my father.This book is worth reading.He was seen playing basketball on the playground yesterday afternoon.KEYKEYKEYArticle5_popwin_embarrassed2 KEY 9 你的理由听起来挺合理的你的理由听起来挺合理的。10 有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。有人听到他向他的朋友说再见。Your reason sounds reasonable.He was heard to say goodbye to his friend.KEY