新概念英语第三册第5课 (2).ppt

新概念英新概念英语第三册第第三册第5课SummarywritingforL4lWhen he got married,Alf Bloggs told his wife he worked for the Corporation.Though he dressed in a smart black suit every morning,he changed into overalls at work and spent the day working as a dustman.Then he took a shower and changed back into his suit at night.This lasted for two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret.His wife will never learn the truth because her husband will be an office worker in future.NewwordsforL5：leditor.n.编辑编辑editionn.版本editor-in-chief=Chiefeditor主编ledit.v.编辑editorialn.社论aneditorialoneducation一篇关于教育的社论eg.toeditaShakespeareplayforuseinschoolsl编辑一本莎士比亚剧本以供学校使用补充：补充：compilev.汇编（不作改动的编辑）compilern.汇编者lAguidebookcompiledfromvarietyofsources利用各种资料汇编的导游手册composev.创作，作曲composern.（尤指）作曲家eg.Shebegantocomposesongsatanearlyage.lextreme.n.极端极端 adj.极端的极端的gotoextremestodosth.走极端做某事eg.1.Sometimesheeatstoomuchandsometimesheeatsnothing.Hegoesfromoneextremetotheother.2.Hewenttoextremestostealbecauseofpoverty.lIntheextreme极其lextremelyadv.极端地，极其地，非常eg.Hehasbeengenerousintheextreme.他极其慷慨大方。eg.Personally,Imextremelywellsatisfied.补充：gosofarastodosth.甚至于甚至于;竟然做竟然做Eg.1.Iwontgosofarastosaythatheisdishonest.我不至于说他不诚实。2.ImaygoasfartosaythatIhavenotlivedwhollyinvain.Ifmyrecordwereclosedtonight,Icouldstillsurveyitwithequanimity（平静，镇定）。(福尔摩斯语录）我甚至可以说，我完全没有虚度此生。如果我的生命旅程到今夜为止，我也可以问心无愧地视死如归。withoutsomuchasdoing甚至于不甚至于不，连，连都没都没Eg.Heleftthejobwithoutsomuchassayinggoodbye.statisticsn.统计数字；统计学统计数字；统计学statistician.n.统计员统计员补充：补充：accountant会计师，会计员；会计师，会计员；auditor审计员；审计员；assessor审核员；审核员；inspector稽查员稽查员journalistn.新闻记者新闻记者（指采访、撰稿、编辑等记者）（指采访、撰稿、编辑等记者）reportern.（oncamera)(上镜作报导的）记者上镜作报导的）记者press(报刊）报刊）/TV/radioreporterscorrespondent(驻远地的）记者；通讯记者；驻外记者驻远地的）记者；通讯记者；驻外记者presidentn.总统；主席；校长总统；主席；校长补充：Chairman主席；premier总理；primeminister首相；foreignminister外交部长；secretary书记部长congressman国会议员；commissioner委员Palace.n.王宫，宏伟的住宅王宫，宏伟的住宅Presidentspalace总统府P.R.C.:theForbiddenCity紫禁城；SummerPalace颐和园；PalaceMuseum故宫博物院Britain:BuckinghamPalace(BritishroyalfamilyinLondon)白金汉宫DowningSt.(theofficialhouseoftheBritishPrimeMinisteratNo.10andtheChieffinancialministeratNo.11)唐宁街Whitehall(Britishgovernment)白厅America:WhiteHouse(theofficialhomeofAmericanpresident)白宫Pentagon五角大楼Russia:WinterPalace冬宫（过去俄国沙皇的寢宫）theKremlin(thegovernmentofRussia)克林姆林宫RedSquare红场(InthecenterofMoscow,knownespeciallyforthemilitaryprocessions（阅兵）tookplacethereonMayDay)lpublishv.出版，发行出版，发行eg.Whenareyougoingtopublishthisworkofyours?publishinghouse出版社pressn.出版；印刷出版；印刷；gotopress(beprinted)付印出版社出版社OxfordUniversityPress牛津出版社gotothepress参加记者招待会press报刊、杂志；报刊、杂志；thelocal/national/foreignpress本地、全国、外国报刊thepressfreedom=thefreedomofthePress(记者、新闻界）issuev.发行comeout出版lfaxv.n.传真传真sendafaxtosb./faxsb.limpatientadj.不耐烦的不耐烦的lbeimpatientatsth./withsb.对不耐烦eg.Hewasgettingimpatientashavingtowaitsolong.lbeimpatientofsth.无法容忍某事eg.Heisimpatientofanythingstupid.beimpatientforsth./todosth.渴望、急切做Eg.1.WeareimpatientfortheSpringFestivaltocome.2.Sheisimpatientfortheresultoftheexamination.表示表示“渴望渴望”的短语：的短语：beanxiousfor;beeagerfor;desirefor;diefor;hungerfor;longforEg.hungerforknowledge;desireforpowerlongforpeacefirev.解雇解雇hirev.雇佣Eg.Hewasfiredforstealingmoneyfromthesafe.Igotfired.表示解雇的其他表示方法：dismisssb.fromsth.Eg.Hewasdismissedfordrunkennessfromthearmy.removesb.fromsth.Eg.Thecorruptofficialwasremovedfromoffice.givethesack(givesb.asack)getthesacklaysb.offEg.Theywerelaidoffbecauseofthelackofneworders.relievesb.offonespost/duties其他：eg.1.Theykickedmeout.2.Mybossshowedmethedooryesterday.originallyadv.起初，原先，从前起初，原先，从前original.adj.起初的，原来的，首创的，原作的n.原件，原稿Eg.1.Ithinkyoushouldgobacktoyouroriginalplan.2.Theroomstillhasmanyofitsoriginalfeatures.3.Theoriginalmanufacture（加工，产品）hasbeenlost.原稿丢了。4.Onlyoriginaldocumentswillbeacceptedasproofofstatus.只有文件的正本才能用作身份证明。5.Sendoutthephotocopiesandkeeptheoriginal.Q:Whatwastheconsequenceoftheeditorsinsistenceonfactsandstatistics?Consequencen.后果，结果，重要性后果，结果，重要性Eg.Doyouknowwhattheconsequenceofyouractionwillbe?Morethan200peoplelosttheirjobasadirectconsequenceofthemerge(合并）.face/take/suffertheconsequenceofInconsequenceof由于的缘故Eg.Inconsequenceofyourbadwork,Imforcedtodismissyou.beofnoconsequence不重要Dontworry!Itsofnoconsequence.insistv.坚持坚持insistondoingsth.atonesinsistence在某人的坚持下lFactsandstatistics同义重复修饰eg.Hereturnedhomesafeandsound(平安无恙）.lThecontractisnullandvoid.合同无效。lServethepeopleheartandsoul.全心全意为人民服务。lwarandpeace战争与和平talkandlaugh有说有笑menandmen各式各样的人体会and的含义：Itwasnoteasytocarrysuchaheavyload,andduringthedogdays.“扛这么重的东西很不容易，何况是在这么热的天呢.”lLastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresidentspalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.lAfricann.非洲人adj.非洲的lrepublicn.共和国,共和政体linstructvt.教,教导,命令,指示,通知linstructsb.todosth.=tellsb.formallytodosth.正式告诉某人做某事l-Theteacherinstructedhimtotaketheexamination.lon=about侧重强调课题专一l-abookonradiolWhenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthelfirstsentenceandthenrefusedtopublishit.lWhenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditorreceivedthearticlelrefusevt.拒绝（态度严厉）l-Iinvitedhimtodinner,butherefusedme.ldeclinevt.谢绝,婉拒lrepudiatevt.断然拒绝,(正式地）否认；拒绝接受；拒绝与往来；拒不履行（法律义务）lThearticlebegan:Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresidentspalace.l1.Thearticlesays/begins/reads/beasfollowseg.ThearticlesaysChinasreformandopening-uppolicyisbenefitingtothecountryandothers.这篇文章称，中国的改革开放政策对本国和他国都是有利的。TheChineseversionofthearticleisasfollows.l2.表示数字的一些表达方法：Tensof几十;dozensof几十;tensofthousandsof数万的；tensofmillionsof数千万的;billionsof数十亿的;hundredsofmillionsof数亿的hundredsandhundredsoftimes成百上千倍thousandsuponthousandspeople成千上万的人l3.leadtosth.“通向，通往，通向，通往，延续到延续到”eg.Labourleadstohappiness.劳动使人幸福。Thisistheroadleadingtotheuniversity.补充：guideto引导，指引，引路eg.Heguidedmetothereception-room.Myfatherguidedhisbusinesstosuccess.directto引路，指引eg.Canyoudirectmetothenearestphonebooth?4.surroundv.围绕，环绕围绕，环绕goaround/revolvearoundeg.Themoonrevolvearoundtheearth.rotatev.（天体的）自转eg.Theman-madesatellitemade30revolutionaroundtheearth.lThejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem.lsetouttodo=decideandtrytodo决定决定,打算打算,开始着手做开始着手做.lsetabout(doing)sth.决定,打算,着手做.lgoabout(doing)sth.Eg.Hesetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000in5years.Wesetaboutourtaskwithgreatenthusiasm.Peterhasntthefaintestidea(一点也不知道）ofhowtogoaboutfindingabetterjob.lIttakessb.alongtimetodosths某事花了某人很久的时间meantodo打算，想要做(usedesp.whenyouforgettodosth.ordonthavethechancetodo.)eg.Imeantotellyou,butIforgot.lplantodolHesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.yetanother:还有一个；再eg.Ivemadeyetanothermistake.informv.informsb.that从句“告诉、通知”informsb.Of/aboutsth.informoneselfof/aboutsth.“了解、熟悉”informonsb.“告发，栓举某人”lWhenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.lfailtodoeg.Hefailedtokeeptheword.ThegovernmentofGreecefailedtorevivetheeconomy.lnever/notfailtodo总能做到lbereluctanttodo=beunwillingtodo勉勉强强地,不情愿地lasitbadoriginallybeenwritten=initsoriginalwaylNotonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.lNotonly位于句首时,句子须采用倒装形式。l本句正常语序：Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.部分倒装：部分倒装：1、句首为否定或半否定词：、句首为否定或半否定词：no,not,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,scarcely,little;notforasecond决不决不,毫不毫不/notintheleast绝不绝不,一点也不一点也不,notforaninstant根本就不根本就不；atnotime,innoway，bynomeans，onnoaccount,undernocircumstances（绝不）；（绝不）；notuntil,nowhere,等等。等等。Eg.1).Neverwillweforgetthepast.2).Littledoeshecareaboutyou.3).Nowhereintheworldcanyoufindamanwholovesyousomuch.4).InnowaydoIblameyouforwhathappened.5).AtnotimewillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.6）NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglishliterature.7）NotforaninstantdidIbelievehehadlied.2、“only+状语状语(从句从句)”位于句首时；位于句首时；Eg.1).Onlythendidsherealizeshewaswrong.2).Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachieveyourgoal.3).Onlywhenhehadfailedthreetimesdidheturntomeforadvice.4).Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnitwell.3、so+adj./adv.;tosuchadegree,tosuchanextent,tosuchapoint等放于句首，表示程度时；等放于句首，表示程度时；Eg.1).Sodiligentlydoesheworkthatheoftenforgetstoeatandsleep.2).Tosuchanextentdidhishealthdeteriorate(v.恶化）thathewasforcedtoretire.3).Somuchdoesheworryabouthisfinancialpositionthathecantsleepatnight.4.在含有在含有were,hadshould的虚拟语气中，的虚拟语气中，if省略，省略，were,had,should放于句首，放于句首，部分倒装。部分倒装。Eg.1).WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.2).HadIknownwhatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldneverhavedonesuchathing.3).Shouldyouchangeyourmind,noonewouldblameyou.4).Werehetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyMonday.5.As或或though引导让步状语从句有时也倒装，即把表语或谓语引导让步状语从句有时也倒装，即把表语或谓语提前放于句首。提前放于句首。Eg.1).Patientas/thoughhewas,hewasunwillingtodoso.2).Childas/thoughhewas,hehadagoodcommandofEnglish.(注：若表语为名词，前面不加冠词）3).MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuyit.6.so,neither,nor放于句首，表示前面所说情况也适于后者时；放于句首，表示前面所说情况也适于后者时；Eg.1).IcantspeakEnglish,neither/norcanhe.2).Theboydied,andamonthlater,sodidhissister.7.Manya+名词名词或或nota+名词放于句首时；名词放于句首时；Eg.1).Notaworddidhesayatthemeeting.2)Manyatimehasthemanageremphasizedthispoint.8.Often,invain,always,manyatime等表频率的状语放于句首等表频率的状语放于句首时；时；Eg.1).Oftendidtheythinkofgoingthere,buttheyneverhadachance.2)Invaindidwetrytopersuadehertogiveupherplan.9.表示地点的状语放于句首时，须表示地点的状语放于句首时，须完全倒装完全倒装。Eg.1).Betweenthetwobuildingsstandsatalltree.2)Onthegroundlayasickgoat.l倒装：倒装：（部分倒装）l1否定副词位于句首,要倒装。lnever,seldom,rarely,little,hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosoonerlscarcelyadv.几乎不,简直没有lnowhereadv.无处,到处都无l-NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我从来也没读过这样的小说。l-Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.无论在哪他也找不到他要的书。l-HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不认为这是可能的。l2含有only的状语位于句首,句子要倒装。l-Onlythendidherealizethathehadmadeamistake.l-Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformationhasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplanatrip.l3含有not的副词短语位于句首,句子要倒装。lnotforasecond决不,毫不/notintheleast绝不,一点也不lnotforaninstant,notuntill-NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglishliterature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。l-NotforaninstantdidIbelievehehadlied.我根本不认为他说了慌。l4含有no的短语位于句首,句子要倒装。latontime,innoway,innosense,bynomeans,innocase,onnoaccount,onnocondition,lundernocircumstances（都表示绝不）lcircumstancen.环境,详情,境况l-Undernocircumstancescanweacceptthecheck.我们无论如何也不能接受这笔钱。l-Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebabyinthehouse.你无论如何也不能把留在房间里。l5sosuch位于句首,句子要倒装。lHowever,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafaxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthatthehehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresidentspalace.l请求被允许做某事：beallowedtodo,bepermittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodosth.lpermitv.许可,允许,准许permitdoing;permitsb.todopermissionn.许可,允许linwhich-which指代faxlwhile和现在分词搭配,做时间状语,表示“正在做某事的过程中”。-Whilecounting=whilehewascountingl现在分词做定语：l-thestepsleadingtothepresidentspalace通向王宫的台阶。l-theroadleadingtotheforest通向森林的路。l英语中表示倍数的常用句式：英语中表示倍数的常用句式：l1.“A+倍数倍数+adj./adv.比较级比较级+thanB”表示表示“A比比B大，长多少倍大，长多少倍”l-thisropeistwicelongerthanthatone.l-Thehallisfivetimeslargerthanourclassroom.l2.“A+倍数倍数+as+adj./adv.原级原级+asB”表示表示“A是是B的多少倍。的多少倍。”l-AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.l-ThisTVcoststwiceasmuchasthatone.l3.A+倍数倍数+theheight/size/length,etc.+of+B”表示表示“A是是B高度、大小、长度高度、大小、长度的多少倍。的多少倍。”l-Thebigboxisfivetimestheweightofthesmallone.Thanks for watching!Thanks for watching!谢谢大家！结结 语语