新视野大学英语3unit2课件.pptx

I.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayWatch&DiscussWatchthevideoanddiscussthegiventopics.Questions&AnswersListentoapassageandanswersomequestions.Listentoapassageandfillinthemissingwords.CompoundDictationAcquaintyourselfwithsomerelevantinformation.BackgroundInformation第1页/共53页I.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayMedicine&Science in Sports&Exercise:Thisisamultidisciplinaryjournalfeaturingoriginalinvestigations,clinicalstudies,andcomprehensivereviewsoncurrenttopicsinsportsmedicineandexercisescience.Withthismultidisciplinaryjournal,exerciseBack下一页下一页physiologists,physiatrists,physicaltherapists,teamphysiciansandathletictrainersgetavitalexchangeofinformationfrombasicandappliedscience,medicine,education,andalliedhealthfields.I.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayDigestivesystem:Thedigestivesystemisaseriesofholloworgansjoinedinalong,twistingtubefromthemouthtotheanus.Insidethistubeisaliningcalledthemucosa.Inthemouth,stomach,andsmallintestine,themucosacontainstinyglandsthatproducejuicestohelpdigestfood.上一页上一页Back第3页/共53页CompoundDictationDirections:Youwillhearapassage.Itwillbereadtwice.Listencarefullyandsupplythemissingwords.I.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayBack第4页/共53页Althoughmanypeople_thatbalanceandmovementproblemsare_withage,anincreasing_ofevidencedemonstratesthatexercisecanhelp_balanceandstrengthinelderly_andreducetheirchanceof_.InWolfsstudy,publishedinMay1996,215_aged70to96weredividedintothreegroups._,onegrouptookaweeklytai chiclass,and_.After15weeks,“thetai chigroupdidthebest,and_,”Wolfsaid.acontrolgroupmetforaweeklydiscussionreducedthechanceofhavingafallby47percentseniorsOnegroupperformedbalanceexercisesonacomputer-controlledplatformonceaweekfallingimproveindividualsbodyassumeinevitableBack第5页/共53页Questions&AnswersI.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayBack1.Whydowomenoftennothaveenoughironintheirbodies?2.Ifironlevelsarelow,whatproblemscanwomenexperience?3.Whatcanyoueattogetironandwhatdisadvantagescanthesesupplementssometimeshave?第6页/共53页keyReferenceWords:togoonadiet,tokeeponeselfslim,tobeparticularabout,fat-reducingexercise,torejectiron-richfood,toleadtogreaterlossofiron,physiologicalcharacteristics,irondeficiency,monthlybleedingThisisoftenbecausemostofthemgoonarestricteddietsoastokeepthemselvesslim.Ofcourse,therearealsomanyothercausesofit.Oneisthatmanywomenaremoreparticularaboutwhattheyeatthanmendo.Anotheristheirfat-reducingexercise.Iftheyrestricttheirdietbyrejectingiron-richfood,moreexercisemayleadtogreaterlossofironintheirblood.Athirdoneliesintheirphysiologicalcharacteristics.Womenofchild-bearingageareatthegreatestriskofirondeficiencyastheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.返回返回第7页/共53页key返回返回ReferenceWords:tosufferfrom,irondeficiency,ironreserves,themoleculesofbloodprotein,theworkingmuscles,fatigue,poorperformance,togotozero,tofeeloutofbreath,tobeintroubleIfwomensufferfromirondeficiency,theymayexperiencesuchproblemsasfollows:Iftheirironreservesbecomelowerandloweruntiltheyarenotenoughtoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles,fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearintheirdailylife.Oncetheirironreservesgotozero,theyoftenfeeltired,weak,andoutofbreath.Iftheywaituntilthatpoint,theyarereallyintrouble.第8页/共53页返回返回ReferenceWords:toaddto,thebestsourcesofiron,peoplewithlowironreserves,totakesupplements,generallyspeaking,toundotheproblem,toconsumeiron-richfood,toproduceafeeling,ofwantingtothrowup(呕吐呕吐),tobepoisonousinsomecaseskeyPeoplewhosufferfromirondeficiencycanaddmoreiron-richfoodtotheirdiet.Thebestsourcesofironaremeat,chicken,andfish.Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.Peoplewithlowironreservesmayalsotakesupplements.Butgenerallyspeaking,itsbettertoundotheproblemofirondeficiencybyconsumingiron-richfoodthanbytakingsupplements,becausesupplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.第9页/共53页Directions:Watchthevideoandthendiscussthetopicsasfollows:2.Whatadvicecanyougiveonphysicalexercise?key1.Whatdoyouthinktheeffectsofexerciseare?keyI.Pre-reading Activities:Listen,Look&SayVideowatchingBack第10页/共53页返回返回第11页/共53页Doyouoftengoinforphysicalexerciseandwhatbenefitscanyougetfromit?Haveyoueverstoppedtoseekthenegativeeffectsexercisebringsabout?Path of thinking:keySummary:Asisknowntoall,lifeliesinexercise.Whateverformofexerciseyoutake,youcanreapalotfromitaslongasyoupersistinit.Ingeneral,exercisecanbringusbenefitsasfollows:1)Properexercisecanstimulatetheflowofourblood,thusbetteringourwholehealthconditions.2)Regularexercisecangreatlyimprovethespeedwithwhichourbrainsreacttowhatisgoingonaroundus.3)Goodandprogressiveexercisecanhelpsetupinourselvesambitionforsuccessaswellasbalanceofmind.moremore Justaseverycoinhastwosides,however,exercisecanalsobringusharm.Ifyouarenormallyinactiveandthen,promptedbyasuddenimpulse,startabigprogramofintenseexercise,therearemorechancesthatyouhaveyourselfinjured.Inaddition,asforthosewhogoonafat-reducingdiet,themoreexercisetheytake,thegreaterlossofirontheywillsufferandtheworsetheirhealthconditionswillget.Andworstofall,continualaswellasexcessiveexerciseismorelikelytoresultinsuddendeath.Thus,howtogoinforexerciseissomethingworthmoreofourconcern.返回返回第12页/共53页Whatsyourartofexercising?Whatshouldnewexerciserspayattentionto?Path of thinking:keySummary:Thereisnothingnewinmywayofexercising,buttherearetwopracticesIalwaysclingto:1)Inevertrytofollowthefashion.Nomatterwhetherthehulalooporthesocialdancingisin,myinterestinthesameexercisealwaysremainswhatithasbeen.2)Theformsofmyexercisechangewithmyage.WhenIwasinteensandtwenties,Iwasfondofplayingballs;whenIwasmiddle-aged,Iturnedmyinteresttotable-tennis;andnowIamgettingoninyears,soIbecomeaddictedtotai chi,anexercisesuitabletothesenior.moremore Herearetheinsightsgleanedfrom myownexperienceinphysicalexercise:1)Beforeyoutakeanyphysicalexercise,youmusthaveaclearideaaboutwhatkindofexerciseisgoodforyourhealthaswellassuitabletoyourownphysicalconditions.2)Onceyoustartyourprogramofexercise,bothprogressivenessandregularitybecometwokeyingredientsinyoursmoothimplementationoftheprogram.3)Withtheamountofyourexerciseonagradualincrease,youshouldaddmoreiron-richfoodstoyourdailydiet.返回返回第13页/共53页II II.Text Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItText Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItMainideaofthetextanddevicesfordevelopingitMainideaofeachpartanddevicesfordevelopingitNewwords&TextTranscriptDevicesMainideaNewWordsTextPartPartPartPartIVIV问题解决法问题解决法问题解决法问题解决法引言法引言法引言法引言法第14页/共53页BackII II.Text Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItText Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItremedyPhrasesandExpressionsleadtobouncebackingeneraluptotakeinatrisktipovertheedgeoutofbreathaddsth.tothrowupgoupsumupProperNamesPurdueUniversityRoseanneM.LyleMedicine&Science in Sports&ExerciseJohnL.BeardNancyClark第15页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackIronandtheEffectsofExercisePara.1Sportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.NowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatevenmoderateexercisemayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.下一页下一页上一页上一页第16页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.2“Wefoundthatwomenwhowerenormallyinactiveandthenstartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss,”saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&Science in Sports&Exercise.下一页下一页上一页上一页第17页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackParas.3-4a“Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback,”shenotes.“Butthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.”Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.Buttheratioisevengreateramongactivewomen,affectingupto80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes.(To be continued)下一页下一页上一页上一页第18页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.4bThismeans,Lylesays,that“toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein”.Womenofchild-bearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.下一页下一页上一页上一页第19页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.5“Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforiron,”notesanotherexpert.“Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapoorironstatus,anyadditionalironlossfromexercisemaybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeintoamoreseriousdeficiency,”notestheexpert.下一页下一页上一页上一页第20页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.6Exercisecanresultinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.Someironislostinsweat,and,forunknownreasons,intenseenduranceexerciseissometimesassociatedwithbleedingofthedigestivesystem.Athletesinhigh-impactsportssuchasrunningmayalsoloseironthroughaphenomenonwheresmallbloodvesselsinthefeetleakblood.下一页下一页上一页上一页第21页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.7Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearinthesecondstageofdeficiency,whennotenoughironispresenttoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Inthethirdandfinalstage,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutofbreathandexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised.下一页下一页上一页上一页第22页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackParas.8-9a“Peoplethinkthatiftheyrenotatthethirdstage,nothingiswrong,butthatsnottrue,”saysJohnL.Beard,whohelpeddesignthePurduestudy.“Yourenotstage3untilyourironreservesgotozero,andifyouwaituntilthatpoint,youreintrouble.”However,mostpeoplewithlowironreservesdontknowtheyhaveadeficiency,becausetraditionalmethodsofcalculatingtheamountofironinblood(bycheckinglevelsofthebloodproteinthattransportsoxygen)arenotsufficient,Beardstates.(To be continued)下一页下一页上一页上一页第23页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.9bInstead,itsimportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatestheamountofstorageofironintheblood.Whileactive,child-bearingagewomenaremostlikelytohavelowironstores,henotes,“Menarenotsafe,especiallyiftheydonteatmeatandhaveahighlevelofphysicalactivity.”(Anestimated15percentofmalelongdistancerunnershavelowironstores.)Beardandotherexpertssayitsadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.下一页下一页上一页上一页第24页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.10aIfironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.Ingeneral,itsbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet,becauseironsupplementscanhaveseriousshortcomings.(To be continued)下一页下一页上一页上一页第25页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.10bSupplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.Thebestsourcesofiron,andtheonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody,aremeat,chicken,andfish.Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.下一页下一页上一页上一页第26页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.11a“Selectbreadsandcerealswiththewordsiron-addedonthelabel,”writessportsdietexpertNancyClark.“Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.EatthesefoodswithplentifulVitaminC(forexample,drinkorangejuicewithcerealorputatomatoonasandwich)toenhancetheamountofironabsorbed.”(To be continued)下一页下一页上一页上一页第27页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.11bClarkalsorecommendscookinginironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess.“Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times,”shewrites.Andpeoplewhoarelikelytohavelowironshouldavoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals,shesays,sincesubstancesinthesedrinkscaninterferewithironbeingabsorbedintothebody.下一页下一页上一页上一页第28页/共53页II.II.Text Analysis:Text Text Analysis:Text BackPara.12“Activewomenneedtobealotmorecarefulabouttheirfoodchoices,”sumsupPurduesLyle.“Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.”上一页上一页第29页/共53页II II.Text Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItText Analysis:Main Idea and Devices for Developing ItMainideaofthetext?Exercisemayleadtomorelossofironinfemales,whichinturnproducesseriouseffectsontheirhealth.Accordingtosportsmedicineexperts,activewomenshouldpaymoreattentiontoirondeficiencyintheirbodiesandtakecorrectmeasurestoremedyitbeforeitreallybecomesaproblem.Devicesfordevelopingit?Back问题解决法问题解决法问题解决法问题解决法引言法引言法引言法引言法第30页/共53页Problem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)IronandEffectsofExerciseProblemAnalysisSolutionEvaluationThewholeessayiswritteninatypicalproblem-analysis-solution-evaluationpattern.Back第31页/共53页Problem:?(Para.1)moremoreNowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatevenmoderateexercisemayleadtoreducedironinthebloodofwomen.(Para.1)BackProblem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)第32页/共53页Provisionofevidencefortheproblem:?(Paras.2&3)1)Theirstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekshowedevidenceofironloss;(Para.2)2)Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback;3)Thenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels.(Para.3)BackProblem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)返回返回第33页/共53页Analysisofgeneralcausesforit:?(Para.4)1)Toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein;2)Womensmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss;3)Manywomenincreasetheirriskofironlossbyrejectingredmeat;4)Womenareliabletoexperienceadeficiencyasaresultofrestrictingtheirdietinweightcontrol.moremoreBackProblem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)第34页/共53页moremoreAnalysisofspecificcausesforit:?(Paras.5-6)(1)Theaveragewomantakesinonly2/3oftherecommendeddailyallowanceforiron,whichwouldeasilycauseirondeficiencyiftheytakesomeexercises.(Para.5)(2)Someironislostinsweat,andintenseenduranceexercisesmaycauseirondeficiencythroughbleedingofthedigestivesystemandbleedingofthebloodvesselsinthefeet.(Para.6)BackProblem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)第35页/共53页moremoreAnalysisofeffectsofirondeficiency:?(Paras.7-8)(1)Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearwhennotenoughironispresentintheirbloodtoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.(2)Whentheirironreservesgotozero,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutofbreathandtheirexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised;andtheyareintrouble.BackProblem-Analysis-Solution(问题解决问题解决法法)第36页/共53页Analysisofimportanceofcheckingironreserves:?(Para.9)(1)Itisimportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatestheamountofstorageofironintheblood.(2)Bothwomenandmenareatriskofirondeficiencyasaresultofahighlevelofactivephysicalexercise.(3)Itisadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.BackProblem-Anal