2004年职称英语考试综合类A级卷.pdf
20042004 年职称英语考试综合类年职称英语考试综合类 A A 级卷级卷第第 1 1 部分：词汇选项部分：词汇选项(第 115 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面共有 15 个句子，每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4 个选项中选择 1 个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 Mary has blended the ingredientsA mixedB madeC cookedD eaten2 They agreed to modify their policyA clarifyB changeC defineD develop3 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A playB sendC showD tell4 A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.A practicallyB considerablyC remarkablyD completely5 The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A take outB repairC push inD dig6 It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrowA ridiculousB funnyC oddD foolish7 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A muddiedB pollutedC mixedD troubled8 The room is dim and quietA tinyB pleasantC darkD agreeable9 The index is the governments chiefgauge of future economic activityA measureB opinionC evaluationD decision10 Itsprudent to start any exercise program gradually at firstA workableB sensibleC possibleD feasible11 He is renowned for his skill.A rememberedC praisedB recommendedD well-known12 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position A maintainB establishC acquireD support13 She stood there trembling with fear.A jumpingB cryingC swayingD shaking14 Medical facilities are being upgradedA renewedB repairedC improvedD increased15 Mary looked pale and wearyA gloomyB uglyC sillyD exhausted第第 2 2 部分：阅渎判断部分：阅渎判断(第第 16162222 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 7 7 分分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把 A 涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B 涂黑：如果该旬的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C 涂黑。Winners and LosersWinners and LosersWhy are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia，whereas the biggest losers are mostly in theformerSoviet bloc(集团)and subSaharan Africa?History is a partial guide：East Asia has a long trading tradition，lately reinvigorated(给以新的活力)by theChinese adoption of market economicsThe Soviet Union，on the other hand，was sheltered from freemarket forces for more than 70 yearsIn Africa，some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure(基础结构)；many countries have little to trade but commodities，the prices of whichhave fallen in recent yearsIn some regions，certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies，often under pressure from International Monetary FundFirst amongthese is Russiawhich in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work，such as an independentbank system，a system of business law,and all adequate method for collecting taxesEncouraged by the IMF the World Bank and the USDepartmentof the Treasury,President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state owned industrial sector,creating a class of oligarchs(寡头政治集团成员)，who，knowing how unstable conditions were at homesent their money abroad instead of investing it at homeIn contrast，China，the biggest winner from globalization，did not follow the IMF formulaOf the former states of the Soviet bloc，only a few，notablyPoland and Hungary,managed to grow,which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plansIncluding spending more than theycollected in taxesBotswana and Uganda are also Success stories：despite their disadvantages，their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stablecivil societies，liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions16 Japan has a long trading traditionA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Russia was wrongly guided by the IMFA RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 All African countries followed the IMF formula A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 The Soviet Union was a capitalist countryA RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalizationA RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 China did not take IMF adviceA RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatizationA RightB WrongC Not mentioned第第 3 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子部分：概括大意与完成句子(第第 23233030 题，每题题，每题 1 1 分，共分，共 8 8 分分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Stanford UniversityStanford University1 Stanford University,famous as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher learning，is sometimes called“the Harvard of the West”Thecloseness of Stanford to San Francisco，a city thirty-two miles to the north，gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan(世界性的)flavor2 The students are enrolled mainly from the western United StatesBut most of the fifty states send students to Stanford，and many foreign students studyhere，as wellAnd standards for admission remain highYoung men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of theirhigh school classes3 Not only because of me high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate，Stanford has attracted to its faculty someof the worlds most respected scholarsThe university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as DrFelix Bloch，DrRobert Hofstadter,andDr William Shockley in physics Dr Author Kornberg and Dr Joshua Lederberg in medicine and Dr Paul J Flory and Dr Linus Pauling in chemistry TheRussian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence StanfordS undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business，law，and medicine are especially well-regarded4 What is student life like on“The Farm”?Culturallythe campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communitiesP1ays，concerts，andoperas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater,where graduations are also heldSeveral film series are presentedduring the school year Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus In the evenings，many students gather to socialize in theStudent Unions coffee house；here the beverages(饮料)and the atmosphere both have a decidedly European flavorFor the sportsminded，the Stanfordcampus offers highly developed athletic facilitiesTeam spots，swimming，and track and field activity are a11 very much part of the Stanford pictureSoare bicycling and jogging5 In addition to financial support from alumni(校友)，Stanford receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic(慈善的)foundations。In recent years，government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history,psychology,education，and atomic energyAt presentStanford is carrying out an ambitious building program，financed in part by 山 e Ford Foundations 25 million grant Recently added to the campus are a newphysics building，new school of business，new graduate school of law，new student union，and undergraduate library23 Paragraph 2_.24 Paragraph 3_.25 Paragraph 4_.26 Paragraph 5_.A Colorful Life on CampusB Intelligent Student BodyC School AdministrationD Distinguished FacultyE Substantial Financial SupportF The Harvard of the West27 Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University _.28 Many professors like to teach in this university partly because here_.29 On the faculty of the university there are_.30 Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible_.A they can find the best studentsB the universitys academic advancement and physical extensionC some of the most distinguished scholarsD where a sports meet is held every yearE must have been the top students in their classesF must be hardworking第第 4 4 部分：阅读理解部分：阅读理解(第第 3l453l45 题，每题题，每题 3 3 分，共分，共 4545 分分)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道题，每道题后面有4 个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Technology Transfer in GermanyTechnology Transfer in GermanyWhen it comes to translating basic research into industrial Success，few nations can match Germany Since the 1940s,the nations vast industrial base hasbeen fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from scienceAnd though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decadebecause of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic declineit still has an enviable record for turning ideas into profitMuch of the reason for 也 at success is the Fraunhofer Society，a network of research institutes t11at exists solely to solve industrial problems and createsoughtafter technologiesBut today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition Universities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer,andtechnology parks are springing up all overThese efforts are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its criticsThese people worry that favouring applied research willmean neglecting basic science，eventually starving industry of fresh ideas If every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiosity driven free and widely available will Suffer Others claim that many of the programmesto promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years While this debate continues,newideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planckand LeibnizYet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society,that plays the greatest role in technology transfer Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largest organisation for applied technology，and has 59 institutes employing 12，000 people Itcontinues to grow Last year,it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin Today,there are even Fraunhofers in theUS and Asia31 What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?A Technology transfer B Good managementC Hard workD Fierce competition32 Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?A It is freeB It is profit-drivenC It is widely availableD It is curiosity-driven33 The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology inA AsiaB USAC EuropeD Africa34 Whenwas the Fraunhofer Society founded?A In 1940.B Last yearC After the unificationD In 1949.35 The word“expertise in line 3 could be best replaced byA“experts”B“scientists”C“scholars”D“special knowledge”第二篇第二篇Star QualityStar QualityA new anti-cheating system for counting the judges scores in ice skating is flawed，according to leading sports specialistsIce skatings governing bodyannounced the new rules last week after concerns that a judge at the Winter Olympics may have been unfairly influenced Initially the judges in the pairs figureskating event at the Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City voted 5 to 4 to give the gold medal to a Russian pair，eventhough they had a fall during their routineBut the International Skating Union suspended the French judge for failing to reveal that she had been put underpressure to Vote for the RussiansThe International Olympics Committee then decided to give a second gold to the Canadian runners-up(亚军)The ISU，skatings governing body,now says it intends to c hange the rules In future 14 judges will judge each event，but only 7 of their scores-selectedat random-will count,The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June but already UK Sportthe British Governments sports bodyhas expressedreservations“I remain to be convinced that the random selection system would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethical sp ort is lookingfor，says Jerry Bingham，UK Sports head of ethics(伦理)A random system can still be manipulated，says Mark Dixon，a specialist on sports statistics from the Royal Statistical Society in London“The score ofone or two judges who have been nobbled(受到贿赂)may still be in the seven selected”Many other sports that have judges，including diving，gymnastics，and synchronized swimminghave a system that discards the highest and lowestscoresIf a judge was under pressure to favour a particular team，they would tend to give it very high scores and mark down the opposition team，so theirscores wouldnt countIt works for diving，says Jeff Cook，a member of the international government bodys technical committee“If you remove thoseat the top and bottom youre left with those in the middle，SO youre getting a reasonable averageSince the 2000 Olympics in Sydney,diving has tightened up in its system still further Two separate panels of judges score different rounds of divingduring top competitionsNeither panel knows the scores given by the otherWe have done this to head off any suggestion of bias”says CookBingham urged the ISU to consider other options“Tms should involve examining the way in which other sports deal with the problem of adjudicating(裁定)on matter of style and presentation，”he says36 Who won the gold medal in the pairs figure-skating event?A The Russian pairB The Canadian pairC Both the Russian pair and the Canadian pairD The French pair37 According to the new rules proposed by the ISU，which of the following is right?A The number of judges will be doubledB Only half of the judges will scoreC Only some selected judges will scoreD Only half of the scores will count38 What does Jerry Bingham express by saying“I remain to be convinced”?A His angerB His criticismC His agreementD His doubt39 The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISU Can be best described asA indifferentB reservedC enthusiasticD positive40 Which of the following is NOT true of the scoring system for diving?A It is more biasedB It is more reasonableC It is fairerD It is tighter第三篇第三篇Eat MoreEat More，Weigh LessWeigh Less，Live LongerLive LongerClever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near。starvation diet prolongs the life of many animalsRonald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston，US，and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan(寿命)of mice by 18 per cent by blockingthe rodents(啮齿动物)increase of fat in specific cellsThis suggests that thinness-and hot necessarily diet-promotes long life in“calerie(热量卡)restricted”animals“Its very cool work”says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California，San Francisco“These mice eat all they want，lose weightand live longerIts like heaven”Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents Whether this works in humans is still unknown，partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict dietBut many researchers hope they will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life One theory isthat eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells But Kahns team wondered whether the animals simply benefit b y becomingthinTo find out。they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin(胰岛素)receptor(受体)gene in lab mice_but only in their fat cells“Since insulin is neededto help fat cel
