大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一).pdf
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）一There are three kinds of goals:short-term,mediumrange and longterm goals。Shortrange goals are those that usually deal with current activities，which wecan apply on a daily basis。Such goals can be achieved in a week or less，or twoweeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is nostronger than its foundation，out longterm goals cannot amount to very munchwithout the achievement of solid shortterm goals。Upon completing ourshortterm goals，we should date the occasion and then add new short term goalsthat will build on those that have been completed。The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals。Theymight deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could evenextend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allowyourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed。As you complete each step,youwill enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed。And as your list ofcompletion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Longrange goals may be related to our dreams of the future。They mightcover five years or more。Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long term goal to limit us or our course of action.1。Our long-term goals mean a lot_。a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd。if we put forward some plans2.New shortterm goals are bulid upon_。a.two yearsb.longterm goalsc。current activitiesd。the goals that have been completed3。When we complete each step of our goals，_。a。we will win final successb。we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd。we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up，_。a.we should stick to them until we complete themb。we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc。we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5。It is implied but not stated in the passage that _。a。those who habe long-term goals will succeedb。writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal第 1 页 共 11 页答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a wellfed，almost fully employed people.Despit occasional alarms，the country escaped anypostwar depression and lived in a state of boom.A n economic survey of the year1955，a typical year of the 1950s，may be typical as illustrating the rapid economicgrowth of the decade。The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954（1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars）。The production ofmanufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the yearsimmediately following World War 2。The countrys business spent about 30billiondollars for new factories and machinery。National income available for spending wasalmost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950。Consumers spent about256 billion dollars；that is about 700 million dollars a day,or about twentyfivemillion dollars every hour，all round the clock。Sixty-five million people held jobsand only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them。Onlyagriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room.To some observers thiswas an ominous echo of the mid-1920s.As farmers shre of their productsdeclined，marketing costs rose。But there were,among the observers of thenational economy，a few who were not as confident as the majority。Those fewseemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to theoppsitedepression.1。What is the best title of the passage?a.The Agriculatural Trends of 1950sb.The Unemployment Rate of 1950sc。U。S。Economy in the 50sd。The Federal Budget of 19522。In Line 4,the word“boom”could best be replaced by_.a。nearby explosionb。thunderous noisec。general public supportd。rapid economic growth3.It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the UnitedStates in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _.a。confidenceb。confusionc。disappointmentd.suspicion4.Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy inthe 1950s？a.Economistsb.Frmaersc。Politiciansd.Steelworkers5。The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S。was greater第 2 页 共 11 页in 1955 than in 1950.How much was it?a。60%b。50%c。33d.90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because thereare so few women full professors。In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a reportblasting the University of Texas Systemadminitration for not encouragingwomen.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987update,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even moreimprovement。One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to informwomen of available administrative jobs。College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon，said it isimportant that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise inthe ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus，many times in orderfor her to succeed,she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate onher work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in theUniversity and all academia，inequities will exist。Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that areimportant here at the University。”Spirduso said.If they do that will be successfulin this system。If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexualdiscrimination that they think exists here，they are wasting valuable study time.1.According to Spirduso,women need to _。a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb。call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd。spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage，we know that _.a。there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb。women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc。the weather on the campus is chillyd。women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3。Which of the following statements is true？a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater thanthat of 1985b.the number of women professors inthe University in 1987 was smaller thanthat of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in第 3 页 共 11 页the University4。One of the positive results from Milburns study was that _.a。women were told to con centrate on teir workb。women were given information about available administrative jobsc。women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5。The title for this passage should be _。a。The University of Texasb。Milburns Reportc。Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案:ddabd四Today，as in every other day of the year,more than 3000 U.S。adlescents willsmoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults.Duringtheir lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 willdie in traffic accidents,and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease.The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors，whether voluntary or involuntary，as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s,when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30precent，smoking rates among youth have declined。While the decline isimpressive,several important issues must be raised.First，in the past several years，smoking rates among youth have declined verylittle.Second，in the late 1970s，smoking among male high school seniors exceededthat among female by nearly 10 percent。The statistic is reversing。Third，severalrecent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates,as much as 75 percent。Finally，thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in thepast decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist。Within this context，the NaionalCancer Instiute（NCI）began its current effort to determine the most effecivemeasures to reduce smoking levesl among youth。1。According to the author,the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _。a。traffic accidentsb。smoking-related deseasec.murderd。all of these2.Every day there are over_high school strdents who will become regularsmoker.a.75 b。23 c。30 d.30003。By”dropout”the author means_。a。students who failed the examinationb。students who left schoolc。students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school第 4 页 共 11 页4。The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that _.a。NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc。there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5。What is implied but not stated by the author is that _.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb。there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc。high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd。smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health。Although sciencehas made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat，it has，at the sametime,made many foods unfit to eat.Some research has shown that perhaps eightypercent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is relatedto the diet as well，especially cancer of the colon.Different cultures are more likely tocause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in thesecultures.That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery。In 1945,about 35years ago,government researchers realized that nitrates，commonly used to preservecolor in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer。Yet，these carcinogenicadditives remain in our food，and it becomes more difficult all the time to knowwhich things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful.Theadditives which we eat are not all so direct。Farmers often give penicillin to beef andliving animals，and because of this,penicillin has been found in the milk of treatedcow。Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes，but forfinancial reasons.The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order toobtain a higher price on the market.Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has tried repeatedly to control these procedures,the practices continue。1.What is the best possible title of the passage？a。Drug and Foodb。Cancer and Healthc。Food and Healthd。Health and Drug2。Which of the following statements is NOT ture？a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some aregiven to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for overthirtyfive years。d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a。Because of science，diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtuallyeliminated.第 5 页 共 11 页b。It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food。c.Because of the application of science，some potentially harmful substanceshave been added to food。d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats，but not of vegetables。4。What are nitrates used for？a。They preserve flavor in packaged foods。b。They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter。5。The word carcinogenic most nearly means _.a.troublemakingb。colorretainingc.moneymakingd.cancercausing答案：cacbdWhat is your favourite colour？Do you like yellow,orange，red?If you do,youmust be an optimist,a leader,an active person who enjoys life，people andexcitement。Do you prefer greys and blues?Then you are probably quiet，shy，andyou would rather follow than lead。You tend to be a pessimist.At least,this is whatpsychologists tell us，and they should know,because they have been seriouslystudying the meaning of colours preference,as well as the effect that colours have onhuman beings.They tells us,among other facts,that we do not choose our favouriteclour as we grow up-we are born with our preference。If you happen to lovebrown,you did so,as soon as you opened your eyes，or at least as soon as you couldsee clearly.Colours do influence our moods-there is no doubt about it.A yellow roommakes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one；and ared dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day。On the other hand，black is depressing.A black bridge over the Thames River,near London,used to bethe scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area-until it was repaintergreen。The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply;perhaps it wouldhave fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active。It is anestablished fact that factory workers work better，harder,and have fewer accidentswhen their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey。1。”You would rather follow than red”means_.a.you dont like to follow othersb。you would be a member rather than a leaderc。you would be afraid of following othersd。you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2。If one enjoys life,one is sure to prefer_。a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to grey第 6 页 共 11 页d。blue to yellow3。They tell us，among other facts,that we dont choose our favourite coloursas we grow up.”Among other facts means_。a。besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc。not considering other factsd。according to other facts4。Which of the following is facts?a.Peoples preference of one colour to another is instinctb。Peoples preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up。c。More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown whenthey were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River nearlondon to others because of _。a。its shapeb.its structurec。its colourd.its building materials答案：bcaac十二Social customs and ways of behaving change.Things which were consideredimpolite many years ago are now acceptable。Just a few years ago,it was consideredimpolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street。No man who thought of himself bysmoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country.Does a man walk on the left or theright of a woman in your country?Or doesn t it matter?Should you use both handswhen you are eating？Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share alarge number of social customs。For example,in both America and England peopleshake hands when they meet each other for the first time.Also，most Englishmenwill open a door for a wonman or offer
