中考常考词汇短语辨析总结.docx

中考常考词汇短语辨析总结 a number of“许多，大量”A number of studentsarein the classroom.the number of“.的数量”The number of our studentsis50.作主语，谓语用单数 some 和any some“一些”，可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词；用于肯定句 但说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时，some可以用在疑问句。 你要喝咖啡吗？ Would you likesomecoffee? any用于否定句，疑问句There aren’t anystudents in the classroom. 如在肯定句，表示“任何”。 many和much “许多”问数量“太多”可数many Many books how many How many books do you have? too many too many books 不可数much much water how much 还可以问价格“多少钱” How much water do you have? How much is the book? too much too much water both 和all both“两者都”Both of his parents joined the meeting. 他的父母都参加了会议。 all三者及以上的全部All the students are in the classroom. 所有学生都在教室。 few和little 肯定意义“有一点儿”否定意义“几乎没有”可数a few I have a few friends. 我有一些朋友。 Few I am new here.SoI have few friends. 我是新来的。所以我几乎没有朋友。 不可数a little There is a littlemilk. 那儿还有一点儿牛奶。 little There is little milk.You need to buy some. 那儿几乎没有牛奶了。你需要买一些。 1)We’d better wait _ more minutes. I think Jeff will come soon. a fewB. few C. a little D. little 2)Inourschool,_studentslikeEnglish,but_ofthemcanspeakEnglishsmoothly. alittle;afew B.afew;few C.afew,little D.alittle;few because作连词，because +句子He is absent today because he is ill.because of为介词短语后接名词名词短语或代词Because of the heavy rain, he missed the early bus Neither. nor.即不.也不.(两者都不) Neither you nor he likes cats. 你和他都不喜欢猫。 遵循就近原则Either. or.不是.就是.(两者中的一个) Either Lily or youarea student. 要么你要么莉莉是学生。 Not only .but (also). 不仅.而且. Not only he but also I am a student. 不仅他我也是一个学生。 both.and.两者都Both he and Iarestudents. be made of _“由.制成的”of简单，看得出原材料be made from _“由.制成的”，看不出原材料be made in _产自be made by_被谁制成的 how 的提问回答How long （多长时间）for+时间段How often (多久一次)回答频率副词，often/ once/twice a weekHow soon （多久之后）in+时间段 in two hoursHow far (多远)回答路程：five minutes’ walkHow much多少（钱）回答数量或价格How many多少回答数量 other each other彼此 _“其它的”，后接名词复数_无范围限制_ Do you have any other question(s)? We need to help each other.the other one .the other . 一个.另一个 _后接名词复数，特定范围里剩下的其它部分_ He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the otheris a worker. others some.others. 一些.另一些 “其它的”，_后不可接名词，无范围限制_ _ Someof us like singing and dancing, otherslike sports.the others 后不可接名词，特定范围里剩下的其它部分 Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.another 表示“又”“再”时 another five minutes= five more minutes _三者及以上的另一个_，后接名词单数_ I dont like this one. Please show me another. hundred threestudents 三百个学生 hundreds （百）of数以百计的thousands （千）of数以千计的millions(百万） of数以百万的billions（十亿） of数以十亿的spend 过去式spent花“时间/金钱”sb. spend money/time on sth./(in)doingsth.I spend one hour (in)doing /on my homework.pay 过去式 paid花“金钱” sb. pay money for sth.I paid five dollars for my new notebook.take 过去式took花“时间”It takes sb. time to do sth.It took me one day to visit the science museum.cost 过去式cost花“金钱”sth. cost sb. moneyThis bike cost me two hundred.so that 以便that后接句子，表“目的”I get up early this morningso thatI can catch the bus.so.that.如此.以至于.so后接形容词/副词The movie issointerestingthatI want to watch it again.such. that .如此.以至于.such修饰名词It’ssuchan interesting movie that I want to watch it again.too.to do .太.而不能.too 后接形容词/副词He istooyoungtolook after himself.not .enough to do.不足够去做某事enough 用法口诀：enough放在名前形副后He is not oldenoughto look after himself.across介词，穿过,不能单独使用从物体表面横穿，一般指穿过马路、街道He walks across the road.cross动词，穿过He crosses the road.through介词，穿过从内部穿过,穿过“森林、城市等”He goes through the forest alone.though ðo连词，虽然，即使through θru介词，穿过thought θt动词think的过去式also“也”句中，be动词后，实义动词前too肯定句句末，前用逗号隔开either否定句句末，前用逗号隔开