《高考试卷》2023年高考新课标Ⅰ卷英语试题解析（正式版）（解析版）8.doc
高考帮帮你实现大学梦想！绝密启封前注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。来源:Z.xx.k.Com第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A.£ 19.15. B.£ 9.18. C.£ 9.15. 答案是 C。1. What are the speakers talking about?A. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift. 2. What is the woman going to do?A. Help the man.B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate s friends.C. Stay away from Kate. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. 5. What does the woman mean?A. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）来源:学#科#网听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the man going to do this summer?A. Teach a course.B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel. 7. How will the man use the money?A. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Schoolmates.B. Colleagues.C. Roommates. 9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?A. Work as a programmer.B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题10. Why does the woman make the call?A. To book a hotel room. B.To ask about the room service.C.To make changes to a reservation.11. When will the woman arrive at the hotel?A.On September 15.B. On September 16.C. On September 23.12. How much will the woman pay for her room per night?A. $179.B.$199. C. $219.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What is the womans plan for Saturday?A. Going shopping. B. Going camping. C. Going boating.14.Where will the woman stay in Keswick?A.In a country inn. B. In a five-star hotel. C. In her aunts home.15.What will Gordon do over the weekend?A. Visit his friends. B. Watch DVDs. C. Join the woman.16. What does the woman think of Gordons coming weekend?A. Relaxed. B. Boring. C. Busy.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17. Who is Wang Ming?A. A student. B. An employer. C .An engineer.18. What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?A. Its unpredictable.B. Its quite stable. C. Its not optimistic.19. What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?A20. B. 22. C. 50.20. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?A. They need more work experience.B. The salary is usually good.C. Their choice is limited.【答案】1-5 CBACA 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 BBCAB 16-20 BACAB第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1,1955,in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.21. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What was the reason for OConnors being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor.D. Rosa Park.24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.【答案】21. A22. C23. D24.C【解析】23.D细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D。24.C推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选C。考点：人物类短文阅读BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents. Com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough for fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand , a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is”to be near them, especially when youre raising children.”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.25. Why was Garzas move a success?AIt strengthened her family ties. BIt improved her living conditions.CIt enabled her to make more friends.DIt helped her know more new places.26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision?A17% expressed their support for it.BFew people responded sympathetically.C83% believed it had a bad influence.DThe majority thought it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?AThey were unsure of themselves.BThey were eager to raise more children.CThey wanted to live away from their parents.DThey had little respect for their grandparents.28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph? A. Make decisions in the best interests of their own. B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them. C. Sacrifice for their struggling children . D. Get to know themselves better.【答案】25. A26.D27.C28.A【解析】26.D细节理解题。根据第二段末句Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obamas family可知，很多人会受Marian Robinson的影响，所以这会形成一种潮流。故选D 。27.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，在20世纪60年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明自己的独立。故选 C。28.A推理判断题。根据末段推知，作者建议人们要明智，不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A 。考点：社会生活类短文阅读CI am Peter Hodes , a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 tripsof those , 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:“Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for youthere are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youre got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph1?A. providerB. delivery man C. collector D. medical doctor30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice wont last any longer.31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To London.B. To Newark.C. To Providence. D. To Washington.【答案】29.B30. D31.B【解析】30. D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。31.B细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。学科.网考点：故事类短文阅读 DThe meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness,or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is GoldE. 【答案】F. 32.C33.A34.D35.BG. 【解析】H. 试题分析：本文是一篇说明文， 主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同内涵。35.B主旨要义题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话期间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B 。I. 考点：社会生活类短文阅读第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Secret codes (密码)keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.来源:学.科.网Z.X.X.K People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 38 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “135 520 135.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book. B. In any la
