现在完成时的用法现在完成时的概念及构成形式现在完成时.ppt
现在完成时的用法现在完成时的概念及构成形式现在完成时 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望现在完成时的用法：现在完成时的用法：过去的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。它常与already(已经),ever（曾经）,just（刚刚）,never（从未）,yet（还，尚）,recently（最近）等副词连用；也可以与in the last few days/weeks/years/,these days/weeks/years/,so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。在这些副词中，already与yet是相对应的，already用于肯定句中，yet用于否定句中。E.g.Weve already finished our work./We havent finished our work yet.He has just arrived here.I have never been to Britain./Have you ever been to Britain?Ive read a new book recently./Shanghai has developed very quickly in the past few years.过去开始的动作持续到现在，它往往和for,since构成的时间状语连用。for用于一段时间之前，而since用于某一特定的时刻之前。E.g.Diana has been in Shanghai for three years.I havent seen you for a long time.I have studied English for six years./I have learned English since 2002.Great changes have taken place in Shanghai since 1993.句中有句中有for+一段时间或一段时间或since+时间点，则句中的谓语动词要时间点，则句中的谓语动词要用延续性动词。用延续性动词。以下是一些短暂性动词对应的延续性动词：arrive be in,begin be on,borrow keep,buy have,die be dead finish be over leave be away from,join be in/be a member fall asleep be asleep catch a cold have a cold表示反复性和习惯性的动作，它常与表示次数的副词连用，如：twice,three times,several times.E.g.I have seen the film twice./Ive read Sherlock Holmes three times.4、have gone to/have been to 的区别：have gone to 表示去了某地还没回来。（在去得路上，或在那个地方）have been to表示去了某地已经回来了。（已经不在所说的那个地方）E.g.Where has your father gone?He has gone to Beijing.I have been to Beijing twice.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1、现在完成时表示的是过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的状况。所以不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。而一般过去时只是单纯地表示过去的动作或状态，和目前的状况无关，它往往和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：ago,yesterday,last week,in the past,just now.E.g.A:Have you seen the film yet?B:Yes,I have.A:When did you see the film?B:I saw it yesterday afternoon.2、现在完成时中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，必须和表示一段时间的状语连用。若谓语动词是短暂性动词，则不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。E.g.I borrowed the book two days ago.I have kept the book for two days.His grandpa died three years ago.His grandpa has been dead for three years.3、for的时间状语可用于现在完成时，也可用于一般过去时的句子中，但含义有所区别：E.g.He has lived in Shanghai for 3 years.(他现在还在上海)He went to Shanghai last summer.He stayed in Shanghai for 3 months.（他现在不在上海）
