中西方节日文化差异英文版Cultural diversity.ppt

Cultural diversity 南宁二中uglyPieletsEnjoy A ShowNian VS ChristmasThe Origin of NianThe Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Beginning of Spring(the first of the twenty-four terms in coodination with the changes of Nature).Its origin is too old to be traced.Several explanations are hanging around.All agree,however,that the word Nian,which in modern Chinese solely means year,was originally the name of a monster beast that started to prey on people the night before the beginning of a new year.One legend goes that the beast Nian had a very big mouth that would swallow a great many people with one bite.People were very scared.One day,an old man came to their rescue,offering to subdue Nian.To Nian he said,I hear say that you are very capable,but can you swallow the other beasts of prey on earth instead of people who are by no means of your worthy opponents?So,it did swallow many of the beasts of prey on earth that also harrassed people and their domestic animals from time to time.After that,the old man disappeared riding the beast Nian.He turned out to be an immortal god.Now that Nian is gone and other beasts of prey are also scared into forests,people begin to enjoy their peaceful life.Before the old man left,he had told people to put up red paper decorations on their windows and doors at each years end to scare away Nian in case it sneaked back again,because red is the color the beast feared the most.From then on,the tradition of observing the conquest of Nian is carried on from generation to generation.The term Guo Nian,which may mean Survive the Nian becomes today Celebrate the(New)Year as the word guo in Chinese having both the meaning of pass-over and observe.The custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare away Nian should it have a chance to run loose is still around.However,people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this,except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration.The Origin of Christmas December 25 each year,is the day December 25 each year,is the day ChristiansChristians commemorate commemorate the birth of Jesus,the birth of Jesus,known as Christmas.known as Christmas.The birth of Jesus in Bethlehem signaled The birth of Jesus in Bethlehem signaled the fulfillment of a long awaited promise the fulfillment of a long awaited promise that God would send someone,his personal that God would send someone,his personal representative,to remove the negative representative,to remove the negative effects of personal evil in the world.effects of personal evil in the world.Jesus was that representative.Thus his Jesus was that representative.Thus his arrival on the human scene,announced by a arrival on the human scene,announced by a night sky full of angels(Luke2:9-14),was night sky full of angels(Luke2:9-14),was good news.good news.耶稣在伯利恒诞生标志着一场期待已久的承诺的履行，上帝会派一个人，耶稣在伯利恒诞生标志着一场期待已久的承诺的履行，上帝会派一个人，他的个人代表，以消除世界上的个人邪恶的负面影响。耶稣是代表。因此，他的个人代表，以消除世界上的个人邪恶的负面影响。耶稣是代表。因此，他的到来对人类的场景，由夜空的天使（路加福音他的到来对人类的场景，由夜空的天使（路加福音2:9-142:9-14）全部公布，是）全部公布，是个好消息个好消息。In A.D.336 the of Christs In A.D.336 the of Christs birth,obviously trying to reorient birth,obviously trying to reorient the holiday for Christians.When the the holiday for Christians.When the Empire split between east and Empire split between east and west,the church in the east(Eastern west,the church in the east(Eastern Orthodox)recognized January 6th as Orthodox)recognized January 6th as the celebration date.the celebration date.In many countries January 6th is In many countries January 6th is still honored as the officialbirth still honored as the officialbirth date of Chist.The time between date of Chist.The time between December 25th and January 6th forms December 25th and January 6th forms what has become known as the 12Days what has become known as the 12Days of Christmas.of Christmas.在公元在公元336336基督的诞生，显然是想为基督教徒重新调整假期。基督的诞生，显然是想为基督教徒重新调整假期。当帝国分裂为东部和西部当帝国分裂为东部和西部,教会在东方教会在东方(东正教东正教)承认承认1 1月月6 6日的日的庆祝活动日期。在许多国家庆祝活动日期。在许多国家1 1月月6 6日仍誉为日仍誉为“官方官方”基督出生日基督出生日期的期的1212月月2525日之间的时间日之间的时间1 1月月6 6日形式日形式,已成为众所周知的已成为众所周知的“12“12天的圣诞。天的圣诞。”The custom of the NianSweeping the DustPasting Spring CoupletsHaving JiaoziSweeping the Dust“Dust”is homophonic with“chen”（尘）（尘）in Chinese,which means old and past.In this way,“sweeping the dust”before the Spring Festival means a thorough cleaning of houses to sweep away bad luck in the past yearThis custom shows a good wish of putting away old things to welcome a new life.In a word,just before the Spring Festival comes,every household will give a thorough cleaning to bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new.Pasting Spring Couplets“The Spring Couplet”,also called“couplet”and“a pair of antithetical phrases”,is a special form of literature in China.The Spring Couplet is composed of two antithetical sentences on both sides of the door and a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription,usually an auspicious phrase,above the gate.Having JiaoziOn New Years Eve,the whole family will sit together to make jiaozi and celebrate the Spring Festival.The shape of jiaozi is like gold ingot from ancient China.So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.The tradition of having jiaozi is very important during the Spring Festival.You cannot have a complete Spring Festival without having jiaozi.The custom of Christmas Decorating the Christmas treeSinging Christmas carolsPreparation of the Christmas dinnerDecorating the Christmas treeWesterners with red,green and white color for the Christmas colors,Christmas comes every household is decorated with Christmas colors.Red Colored with Christmas flowers and Christmas candles.Green is the Christmas tree.It is the main Christmas ornaments,with the cut to the cedar(si:d 雪松）雪松）,cypress（saipris柏树）柏树）tower was a class of decorated evergreen tree.Hanging above the colorful lights,gifts and paper flowers,but also lit the Christmas candles.Singing Christmas carolsIt refers to the age-old custom of enchanting a number of traditional Christmas songs during the Christmas season.It adds to the joy and fun to the atmosphere.Different Christmas hymns or carols like The First Noel,Jingle Bells,Joy to the world,etc are sung every Christmas as a part of the Christmas celebration.Preparation of the Christmas dinnerAlthough the foods served for Christmas Although the foods served for Christmas dinner may vary from family to family(and from dinner may vary from family to family(and from country to country)country to country).Typical items usually found at an American ypical items usually found at an American familys Christmas dinner would include turkey familys Christmas dinner would include turkey and dressing(or sometimes chicken,duck,goose and dressing(or sometimes chicken,duck,goose or ham),potatoes and gravy,sweet or ham),potatoes and gravy,sweet potatoes,green potatoes,green vegetables,cranberry,sauce,nuts,fruits,fruit-vegetables,cranberry,sauce,nuts,fruits,fruit-cake,plum pudding,pumpkin and/or mincemeat cake,plum pudding,pumpkin and/or mincemeat pies and sweets.Eggnog is usually the favorite pies and sweets.Eggnog is usually the favorite drink for the whole family.drink for the whole family.尽管提供食品服务的圣诞大餐可能会有所变动尽管提供食品服务的圣诞大餐可能会有所变动,从每个家庭的从每个家庭的(从国家从国家),),最典型的项目通常发现，在美国家庭的圣诞晚餐包括土耳其和敷料最典型的项目通常发现，在美国家庭的圣诞晚餐包括土耳其和敷料(或或有时鸡、鸭、鹅或火腿有时鸡、鸭、鹅或火腿)、土豆和肉汤、甜薯、青菜、小红莓、酱油、坚、土豆和肉汤、甜薯、青菜、小红莓、酱油、坚果、水果、水果蛋糕、李子布丁、南瓜和果、水果、水果蛋糕、李子布丁、南瓜和/或苹果派和糖果。蛋奶酒通常或苹果派和糖果。蛋奶酒通常是全家最喜欢喝。是全家最喜欢喝。Why?VSDifferent Belief System Different Value OrientationDifferent Traditional Production Mode ConclusionDifferent Belief SystemChinalClan agricultural culture （氏族农业文化）（氏族农业文化）lPantheism （多神教）（多神教）WesternlReligious culture （宗教文化）（宗教文化）lChristianism （基督教）（基督教）Different Value OrientationChinalRite-governance （礼治）（礼治）lEmphasis on:Grateful Modest Collective responsibility Peace etc.WesternlRule of law （法治）（法治）lEmphasis on:Character Money Entrepreneurial spiritetc.Different Traditional Production Mode ChinalAgricultural culturallIntensive cultivationlDiet:Carefully carved and polishWesternlFishing and huntinglSeaward expansionlDiet:Fast foodThank you!